中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (14): 3643-3651.doi: 10.12307/2025.588

• 水凝胶材料Hydrogel materials • 上一篇    下一篇

负载可注射富血小板纤维蛋白甲基丙烯酰化明胶水凝胶促进皮肤创面修复

魏冬冬1,时枚坤2,王  磊1   

  1. 1枣庄市立医院急诊外科(手足踝外科),山东省枣庄市   277100;2 枣庄市妇幼保健院生殖医学中心,山东省枣庄市   277100
  • 收稿日期:2024-12-20 接受日期:2025-02-20 出版日期:2026-05-18 发布日期:2025-09-12
  • 通讯作者: 王磊,副主任医师,枣庄市立医院急诊外科(手足踝外科),山东省枣庄市 277100
  • 作者简介:魏冬冬,男,1987年生,山东省枣庄市人,汉族,硕士,主治医师,主要从事手足踝外科方面的研究。

Gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel loaded with injectable platelet-rich fibrin promotes skin wound repair

Wei Dongdong1, Shi Meikun2, Wang Lei1   

  1. 1Emergency Surgery (Hand, Foot and Ankle Surgery), Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang 277100, Shandong Province, China; 2Center for Reproductive Medicine, Maternal and Child Health Care of Zaozhuang, Zaozhuang 277100, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2024-12-20 Accepted:2025-02-20 Online:2026-05-18 Published:2025-09-12
  • Contact: Wang Lei, Associate chief physician, Emergency Surgery (Hand, Foot and Ankle Surgery), Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang 277100, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Wei Dongdong, MS, Attending physician, Emergency Surgery (Hand, Foot and Ankle Surgery), Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital, Zaozhuang 277100, Shandong Province, China

摘要:

文题释义:
富血小板纤维蛋白:是一种从血液中提取的生物材料,富含血小板、白细胞及各种生长因子(如血小板衍生生长因子、转化生长因子β、表皮生长因子等),被广泛应用于组织修复和再生医学。与传统的富血小板血浆相比,富血小板纤维蛋白在制备过程中避免了高离心力处理,保留了更多的白细胞和生长因子,特别是纤维蛋白网状结构,能够更好地支持细胞的生长和迁移。
皮肤组织工程:是一种利用生物工程技术以修复、替代或改善皮肤功能的医学领域,包括细胞培养、支架材料、生长因子等多个方面的研究,旨在构建出具有生理功能的皮肤替代品。

背景:目前甲基丙烯酰化明胶及其复合材料在皮肤创面修复领域得到广泛应用,但单一功能敷料仅提供一些被动保护作用,缺乏如杀灭细菌微生物或调节内源性因子以促进皮肤创面愈合的功能。可注射富血小板纤维蛋白含有高浓度的细胞因子,可促进皮肤创面愈合。
目的:观察负载可注射富血小板纤维蛋白的甲基丙烯酰化明胶水凝胶对皮肤创面愈合的影响。
方法:①从大鼠静脉血中分离提取可注射的富血小板纤维蛋白,将等体积的甲基丙烯酰化明胶与可注射富血小板纤维蛋白混合制备甲基丙烯酰化明胶/可注射富血小板纤维蛋白水凝胶(记为GelMA/i-PRF水凝胶),同时制备单纯甲基丙烯酰化明胶水凝胶(记为GelMA水凝胶),表征水凝胶的形态结构、溶胀性与降解特性。将金黄色葡萄球菌(或大肠杆菌)分别接种于GelMA水凝胶、GelMA/i-PRF水凝胶表面,检测水凝胶的抗菌性能。将L929细胞分别接种于两种水凝胶表面,通过CCK-8实验、活/死细胞染色与划痕实验检测细胞增殖、活力与迁移能力。②在9只SD大鼠背部制作直径10 mm的全层皮肤缺损创面,随机分3组干预:对照组缺损部位注射PBS,其余两组缺损部位分别注射GelMA水凝胶、GelMA/i-PRF水凝胶,术后11 d内观察创面愈合情况,11 d后取材进行苏木精-伊红、天狼星红染色。
结果与结论:①GelMA/i-PRF水凝胶内部具有良好的孔隙结构,平均孔径(111.4±10.4) µm,表面粗糙度与溶胀率大于GelMA水凝胶,降解性能与GelMA水凝胶相比无明显差异。相较于GelMA/水凝胶,GelMA/i-PRF水凝胶具有更强的抗菌能力,可促进L929细胞增殖、提高细胞活力与迁移能力。②相较于GelMA/水凝胶,GelMA/i-PRF水凝胶可促进大鼠皮肤创面愈合,提高皮肤创面愈合质量。③甲基丙烯酰化明胶/可注射富血小板纤维蛋白水凝胶可通过促进成皮肤纤维细胞的增殖、迁移加速皮肤创面的愈合,提高皮肤创面愈合质量。
https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7012-1747 (魏冬冬) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料;口腔生物材料;纳米材料;缓释材料;材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 复合水凝胶, 可注射富血小板纤维蛋白, 甲基丙烯酰化明胶, 创面敷料, 皮肤组织工程, 工程化皮肤材料

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Currently, gelatin methacryloyl and its composite materials are widely used in the field of skin wound repair, but single-function dressings only provide some passive protection and lack functions such as killing bacteria or regulating endogenous factors to promote skin wound healing. Injectable platelet-rich fibrin contains high concentrations of cytokines, which can promote skin wound healing. 
OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel loaded with injectable platelet-rich fibrin on skin wound healing. 
METHODS: (1) Injectable platelet-rich fibrin was isolated and extracted from rat venous blood. Gelatin methacryloyl/injectable platelet-rich fibrin hydrogel (denoted as GelMA/i-PRF hydrogel) was prepared by mixing equal volumes of gelatin methacryloyl and injectable platelet-rich fibrin. At the same time, pure gelatin methacryloyl hydrogel (denoted as GelMA hydrogel) was prepared. The morphology, swelling and degradation properties of the hydrogel were characterized. Staphylococcus aureus (or Escherichia coli) were inoculated on the surface of GelMA hydrogel and GelMA/i-PRF hydrogel to detect the antibacterial properties of the hydrogel. L929 cells were inoculated on the surface of the two hydrogels. The cell proliferation, viability, and migration ability were detected by CCK-8 assay, live/dead cell staining, and scratch test. (2) A full-thickness skin defect with a diameter of 10 mm was made on the back of 9 SD rats. They were randomly divided into three groups for intervention. The control group was injected with PBS at the defect site, and the other two groups were injected with GelMA hydrogel and GelMA/i-PRF hydrogel at the defect site, respectively. The wound healing was observed within 11 days after surgery. The samples were taken for hematoxylin-eosin and Sirius red staining 11 days later.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) GelMA/i-PRF hydrogel had a good pore structure with an average pore size of (111.4±10.4) µm. The surface roughness and swelling rate were greater than those of GelMA hydrogel, and the degradation performance was not significantly different from that of GelMA hydrogel. Compared with GelMA/hydrogel, GelMA/i-PRF hydrogel had stronger antibacterial ability, could promote L929 cell proliferation, and improve cell viability and migration ability. (2) Compared with GelMA/hydrogel, GelMA/i-PRF hydrogel can promote the healing of rat skin wounds and improve the quality of skin wound healing. (3) Gelatin methacryloyl/injectable platelet-rich fibrin hydrogel can accelerate the healing of skin wounds by promoting the proliferation and migration of skin fibroblasts, and improve the quality of skin wound healing.

Key words: composite hydrogel, injectable platelet-rich fibrin, gelatin methacryloyl, wound dressing, skin tissue engineering, engineered skin material

中图分类号: