中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (19): 4083-4090.doi: 10.12307/2025.054

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    下一篇

干细胞治疗肌萎缩侧索硬化症:细胞来源、数量、修饰手段及给药途径

赵  文1,毕玉琳1,付旭阳1,段红梅1,杨朝阳1,李晓光1,2   

  1. 1首都医科大学基础医学院神经生物学系,北京市   100069;2 北京航空航天大学生物与医学工程学院,生物材料与神经再生北京市重点实验室,北京市   100083
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-18 接受日期:2024-04-11 出版日期:2025-07-08 发布日期:2024-09-13
  • 通讯作者: 李晓光,博士,教授,首都医科大学基础医学院神经生物学系,北京市 100069;北京航空航天大学生物与医学工程学院,生物材料与神经再生北京市重点实验室,北京市 100083
  • 作者简介:赵文,女,1990年生,河北省邢台市人,汉族,硕士,主管技师,主要从事中枢神经损伤修复的基础及临床转化研究。 共同第一作者:毕玉琳,女,1998年生,山东省潍坊市人,汉族,首都医科大学在读硕士,主要从事神经元细胞体外培养的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金(82271403),项目负责人:李晓光;国家自然科学基金(82272171),项目负责人:杨朝阳;北京市自然科学基金(7222004),项目负责人:段红梅

Stem cell therapy for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: cell source, number, modification, and administration route

Zhao Wen1, Bi Yulin1, Fu Xuyang1, Duan Hongmei1, Yang Zhaoyang1, Li Xiaoguang1, 2   

  1. 1Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; 2Beijing Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Neural Regeneration, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
  • Received:2024-01-18 Accepted:2024-04-11 Online:2025-07-08 Published:2024-09-13
  • Contact: Li Xiaoguang, MD, Professor, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Neural Regeneration, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
  • About author:Zhao Wen, Master, Technician-in-charge, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China. Bi Yulin, Master candidate, Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China. Zhao Wen and Bi Yulin contributed equally to this article.
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82271403 (to LXG); National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82272171 (to YZY); Beijing Natural Science Foundation, No. 7222004 (to DHM)

摘要:

文题释义:

肌萎缩侧索硬化症:又称为渐冻症,是一种影响中枢神经系统的神经退行性疾病,主要损害控制肌肉运动的上下运动神经元。患者通常会出现肌肉无力、萎缩、痉挛和运动功能逐渐丧失,最终导致呼吸衰竭。肌萎缩侧索硬化症的发病机制复杂,涉及多种遗传和环境因素。在文章中,干细胞治疗被探讨为一种可能的肌萎缩侧索硬化症治疗方法,通过移植或诱导分化为新的神经元来减缓疾病进展,改善患者的生活质量。尽管干细胞治疗在肌萎缩侧索硬化症中的应用仍处于研究阶段,但其在临床前研究和早期临床试验中显示出一定的安全性和潜在疗效。
干细胞:是一类具有自我更新能力和多向分化潜能的细胞。文章中提到的干细胞包括间充质干细胞、神经干/祖细胞和诱导性多能干细胞,这些干细胞在肌萎缩侧索硬化症中的应用展示了治疗潜力,尤其是在提供神经保护、促进神经再生和改善运动功能方面。例如,间充质干细胞通过抗炎和神经营养因子分泌发挥治疗作用;神经干/祖细胞则可能通过分化为功能性神经元来替代受损细胞;而诱导性多能干细胞则提供了一种无伦理争议的细胞来源,用于疾病模型的建立和药物筛选。

摘要
背景:随着医疗技术的不断进步,干细胞疗法已经被用于包括肌萎缩侧索硬化症在内的多种疾病的治疗。
目的:综述干细胞治疗肌萎缩侧索硬化症的研究进展,展望该领域的发展趋势。
方法:以“肌萎缩侧索硬化症,间充质干细胞,神经干/祖细胞,多能诱导干细胞;amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,mesenchymal stem cells,neural stem/progenitor cells,pluripotent stem cells”为关键词,在PubMed、中国知网、万方数据库进行检索,检索时限为1995-2024年。共检索到1 700余篇文献,最终纳入58篇文献用于综述。

结果与结论:肌萎缩侧索硬化症是一种影响脑干和脊髓的下部运动神经元以及运动皮质的上部运动神经元的神经退行性疾病。干细胞治疗肌萎缩侧索硬化症的相关研究已成为一大研究热点。在这篇综述中,总结了不同种类干细胞在肌萎缩侧索硬化症研究领域中的应用情况,包括间充质干细胞、神经干祖细胞、多能诱导干细胞,评估了干细胞来源、细胞量、干细胞修饰手段及给药途径等临床前研究关键,为未来干细胞治疗的应用奠定了基础。

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4566-5914 (赵文);https://orcid.org/0009-0002-8873-2961(毕玉琳) 


中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 肌萎缩侧索硬化症, 间充质干细胞, 神经干/祖细胞, 诱导多能干细胞, 神经退行性疾病

Abstract: BACKGROUND: With the continuous advancement of medical technology, stem cell therapy has been used to treat a variety of diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress of stem cell therapy for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and prospect the development trend of this field.
METHODS: PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and WanFang Data were searched for articles published from 1995 to 2024 using the key words “amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, mesenchymal stem cells, neural stem/progenitor cells, pluripotent stem cells.” A total of more than 1 700 articles were retrieved, and 58 articles were finally included in this review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a neurodegenerative disease that affects lower motor neurons in the brainstem and spinal cord and upper motor neurons in the motor cortex. The related research of stem cells in the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis has become a research hotspot. In this review, we summarize the application of different types of stem cells in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis research, including mesenchymal stem cells, neural stem progenitor cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells, and evaluate the key points of preclinical research such as stem cell source, cell volume, stem cell modification methods, and drug delivery routes, which lays the foundation for the future application of stem cell therapy. 

Key words: amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, mesenchymal stem cell, neural stem/progenitor cell, induced pluripotent stem cell, neurodegenerative disease

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