中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2010, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (16): 2963-2966.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.16.028

• 生物材料学术探讨 biomaterial academic discussion • 上一篇    下一篇

生物材料修复股骨缺损及其性能评价

闫  峰，杨卫良，杨  威   

  1. 哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院，黑龙江省哈尔滨市   150001
  • 出版日期:2010-04-16 发布日期:2010-04-16
  • 通讯作者: 杨卫良，硕士，主任医师，哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院，黑龙江省哈尔滨市 150001
  • 作者简介:闫 峰★，男， 1976年生，黑龙江省大庆市人，汉族，2000年哈尔滨医科大学毕业，硕士，主治医师，主要从事骨外科研究。 dragon_yf@163.com

Repairing femur defect using biomaterials and its features evaluation

Yan Feng, Yang Wei-liang, Yang Wei   

  1. The First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin  150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Online:2010-04-16 Published:2010-04-16
  • Contact: Yang Wei-liang, The First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • About author:Yan Feng★, Master, Attending physician, The First Clinical College of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China dragon_yf@163.com

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483

被引次数

16

摘要：

目的：评价组织工程修复股骨骨缺损各种生物材料的性能和应用，寻找合理股骨替代物。
方法：以“组织工程，股骨缺损，干细胞，细胞因子，复合材料” 为中文关键词，“tissue engineering, femur defect, Mesenchymal stem cells，Cytokines，Materials” 为英文关键词，采用计算机检索1993-01/2009-10相关文章。纳入与有关生物材料与组织工程股骨缺损修复相关的文章；排除重复研究或Meta分析类文章。以21篇文献为主重点讨论了组织工程股骨骨缺损修复生物材料及其性能。
结果：干细胞技术是从少量骨髓组织得到种子细胞，经体外诱导扩增达到一定细胞数量后，与支架材料复合，体外构建组织工程骨，其细胞能够维持成骨细胞特有的生物学特性，能与受区骨组织完全融合，同时避免了免疫排斥反应发生。将两种或两种以上材料复合在一起，或对生物材料表面进行各种各样的修饰，可以促进细胞与材料之间的黏附、提高细胞的生物活性并维持生物功能；利用某种载体转入到种子细胞内，后者在骨缺损区成骨，同时分泌适量的骨生长因子，诱导周围非定向性骨祖细胞向定向性骨祖细胞分化，从而在短时问内募集到足够的具有成骨活性的种子细胞，加快长骨损伤愈合；利用计算机三维虚拟成像技术和计算机数控成型技术预制的复合材料，既有医用复合材料本身的优点，又有精确的和股骨骨缺损周围组织解剖学上契合性，更有近乎完美的外观形态。
结论：目前还没有一种材料能完全符合骨组织工程的要求。将几种材料复合在一起，或对生物材料表面修饰，促进细胞与材料之间的黏附、提高细胞的生物活性、维持生物功能是目前组织工程生物材料研究的热点。

关键词: 股骨缺损, 修复, 组织工程, 干细胞, 细胞因子, 复合材料

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the features and application of tissue engineered biomaterials in repairing femur defects, and to search an optimal femur substitution.
METHODS: Papers published between January 1993 and October 2009 were searched using computer with key words of “tissue engineering, femur defect, mesenchymal stem cells, cytokines and materials” both in English and Chinese. Documents addressing biomaterials and tissue engineered bone in repairing femur defects were included. Repetitive research or Meta analysis was excluded. After that, 21 literatures were selected to discuss the features and application of tissue engineered biomaterials in repairing femur defects.
RESULTS: Stem cells technology is obtaining seed cells from myeloid tissues, amplifying in vitro, combining with scaffold material, and in vitro constructing tissue engineered bones. The cultured cells could maintain osteoblast biological characteristics and fully fused with bone tissues at recipient sites, simultaneously, avoid immunological rejection. The combination of materials or modify the material surface could promote cells adhere to materials and increase the cellular biological activity. When transfecting seed cells to bone defect areas using certain carriers, the transplanted cells could form new bones and secret bone growth factor, induce determined osteogenic precursor cells differentiated into inducible ostegenic precursor cells, thereby, fasten the bone healing. The composite materials prepared by three-dimensional virtual surgical simulation and computer numerical control exhibited advantages of composite materials and histological anatomy conjunction, which had perfect appearance.    
CONCLUSION: Currently, there is no material can fully meet the requirement of bone tissue engineering. Thus, promoting adhesion between cells and materials, increasing cellular biological activity, and maintaining biological functions by combing materials or modifying material surface are the research focuses.

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