Table of Content

08 April 2016, Volume 20 Issue 15 Previous Issue    Next Issue

For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Reference Manager ProCite BibTeX RefWorks

Toggle Thumbnails

Select

Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide regulates osteoblastic differentiation of mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells Nong Meng-ni, Zeng Gao-feng, Zong Shao-hui, Du Li, Li Ke-ke, Peng Xiao-ming, Yan Fang-na 2016, 20 (15):  2133-2139.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.15.001 Abstract ( 305 )   PDF (885KB) ( 833 )   Save BACKGROUND: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have the ability of multi-directional differentiation. Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide can promote osteogenetic differentiation of mouse BMSCs by activating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which is expected to become a new drug for the treatment of osteoporosis. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide on Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the osteogenic differentiation of mouse BMSCs. METHODS: The mouse BMSCs were cultured and induced in osteoblast medium containing final concentrations (5, 10, 25, 50mg/L) of Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide. The mouse BMSCs treated without Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide was set as the negative control group. The morphological changes of cells were observed under an inverted microscope. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay was performed by PNPP method. The mineralization nodules were observed and stained with alizarin red S and the number and area fraction were recorded under an inverted microscope. The mRNA expressions of osteogenesis-related genes ALP, Runx2, and osteocalcin were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). qRT-PCR and western blot were used to determine the expression level of β-catenin. The downstream β-catenin/TCF transcriptional activity was evaluated with the Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System.  RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group, polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide significantly enhanced the alkaline phosphatase activity, the mineralization ability of cells, and the mRNA expression of ALP, Runx2 and osteocalcin in the differentiated BMSCs in a dose dependent manner (P < 0.05). After induction, the mRNA expression of β-catenin was the highest on the 3rd day. Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide significantly increased the expression of β-catenin (P < 0.05) in the process of promoting the differentiation of BMSCs into osteoblasts, and also promoted the high-level expression of luciferase reporter gene (TOPFlash) which contains wild type TCF binding sites (P < 0.05). These results demonstrate that Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide can promote the osteoblast differentiation of mouse BMSCs by activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of icariin on microRNAs expression in bone microvascular endothelial cells in steroids-induced femoral head lesions Zhao Ding-yan, Guo Wan-shou, Yu Qing-sheng, Cheng Li-ming, Wang Bai-liang 2016, 20 (15):  2140-2147.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.15.002 Abstract ( 402 )   PDF (1112KB) ( 531 )   Save BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are widely involved in regulation of physiological processes, such as human development, cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, angiogenesis and lipid metabolism. MiRNAs also play an important regulating role in the pathological process of femoral head necrosis. At present, the research about the effect of icariin on miRNA expression in glucocorticoid- induced avascular necrosis is still in the exploratory stage, and the specific targets, possible regulation mechanism and signaling pathway remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of icariin on miRNA expression of bone microvascular endothelial cells in steroids-induced human femoral head lesions in vitro. METHODS: Bone microvascular endothelial cells in cancellous bone of the femoral head were isolated and harvested in vitro. Icariin preconditioning preceded establishment of models of glucocorticoid-induced bone microvascular endothelial cell injury. Differential expression profiles and transcriptomes in glucocorticoid and normal groups were tested by miRNA microarrays. The most differentially expressed miR-23b and miR-339 in microarray analysis were further confirmed by real-time quantitative PCR, Meanwhile the effects of icariin on the expression of miR-23b-5p and miR-339-5p were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: According to the microarray analysis, one miRNA was up-regulated and four mi RNAs were down-regulated in the glucocorticoid group (fold > 2, P < 0.05). Results of RT-qPCR revealed that miR-23b was down-regulated and miR-339 up-regulated in the glucocorticoid group, which were in agreement with the microarray analysis (P < 0.05). Icariin pretreatment effectively prevented the imbalances of miR-23b expression induced by glucocorticoid (P < 0.01). These findings indicate that Icariin may participate in the pathological process of steroid-induced femoral head necrosis through regulating the expression of miR-23b. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

“Removing Blood Stasis” Method for bone repair in steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral heads Chen Lei-lei, Chen Xiao-bo, Hong Guo-ju, Chen Da, Yang Peng, He Wei 2016, 20 (15):  2148-2155.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.15.003 Abstract ( 357 )   PDF (2252KB) ( 839 )   Save BACKGROUND: The pathogenesis of steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head remains unclear. Femoral head reconstruction after collapse is related to the bone remodeling due to disorder of the bone formation-absorption coupling. “Removing Blood Stasis” Method has been shown to have a positive effect on the disease in clinics. However, the mechanisms by which the “Removing Blood Stasis” Method confers bone repair after osteonecrosis remain poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of “Removing Blood Stasis” Method on bone repair in rabbits with steroid-induced femoral head osteonecrosis. METHODS: Fifty New Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned into three groups: normal control (n=10), model (n=20) and Taohong Siwu Decoction (n=20) groups, respectively. The steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head animal models were established by intramuscular injection of endotoxin combined with methylprednisolone (MPS). Rabbits in Taohong Siwu Decoction group were intragastrically administered with 0.3 g/kg of Taohong Siwu Decoction suspension after the last injection of methylprednisolone. The control and model groups were administrated by equal volume of ultrapure water for 8 consecutive weeks. High-resolution MRI and pathological determinations were used to assess the successful models. Protein expression levels of ABCB1, RUNX2, OPN, RANK, RANKL, PPAR, osteoprotegerin (OPG), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in rabbit femoral heads were detected by western blot assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that trabecular bone fracture, karyopyknosis, empty lacunae, necrotic bone marrow cells were seen in the model group. Empty lacunae rate in the model group was significantly different from that in the normal control group (P < 0.05). Bone formation was active and kept better trabecular morphology in the Taohong Siwu Decoction group. It suggested that “Removing Blood Stasis” Method can improve repair of necrotic area. (2) In the model group, femoral head with a wide range of low-density areas in high-resolution MRI; Taohong Siwu Decoction group showed the relatively normal shape of the femoral head with small areas of low density. It suggested that “Removing Blood Stasis” Method can improve image changes in the necrotic area. (3) Protein expression levels of RUNX2, RANK, RANKL were significantly up-regulated but protein expression levels of ABCB1, OPG, VEGF were significantly down-regulated in the model group compared with the normal control group; whereas, they were all significantly up-regulated in the Taohong Siwu Decoction group compared with the model group, except for RANK and RANKL (P < 0.05). These results suggest that the “Removing Blood Stasis” Method can promote bone repair in steroid-induced femoral head osteonecrosis rabbits by regulating protein expressions of ABCB1, RUNX2, RANK, RANKL, OPG, and VEGF. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Matrix metalloproteinase-3 inhibitor I accelerates the early-stage repair of full-thickness articular cartilage defects in the knee of rats Dong Fu, Song Jin-qi, Jiang Nan, Lu Chun 2016, 20 (15):  2156-2162.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.15.004 Abstract ( 547 )   PDF (1942KB) ( 578 )   Save BACKGROUND: The biomechanical properties of naturally regenerated damaged articular cartilage that belongs to the fibrovascular tissue are far worse than those of the normal cartilage so that they cannot meet the requirements for joint function, leading to traumatic arthritis and loss of joint function. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) inhibitor I with different concentrations on the early-stage repair of full-thickness articular cartilage defects in the knee of rats. METHODS: Twenty-four Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into control, defect (DEF), and defect combined with low-(D+L) and high-dose inhibitor (D+H) groups (n=6 for each group), respectively. Full-thickness articular cartilage defects followed by intraarticular injection of low- and high-dose MMP-3 inhibitor I for 4 weeks was administered in the later two groups. Serum MMP-3 was detected using ELISA method before and after experiment, respectively. Femoral trochleas were collected to observe characteristics of repaired tissue by gross appearance scoring and O’Driscoll histological scoring with Safranine O-Fast Green staining, and to measure type II collagen by immunohistochemistry after experiment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Rats in the D+H group had obvious repair similarly to hyaline articular cartilage, while creamy white cartilage tissue and fibrous tissue repair were observed in D+L group and in DEF group. D+H group obtained the best repair results according to gross appearance scoring and O’Driscoll histological scoring and the highest content of type II collagen (P < 0.05). MMP-3 concentration and the difference value before and after experiment were gradually decreased in DEF, D+L, D+H, and control groups in sequence(P < 0.05). These findings demonstrate that MMP-3 inhibitor I accelerates the early-stage repair of full-thickness articular cartilage defects in the knee of rats. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Curcumin inhibits nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B P65 in a rat model of traumatic osteoarthritis Wang Jian, Ma Jie, Gu Jian-hua, Wang Fu-yong, Shang Xiu-shuai, Wang Zhao-fei, Wang Xiang, Tao Hai-rong 2016, 20 (15):  2163-2170.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.15.005 Abstract ( 285 )   PDF (1242KB) ( 816 )   Save BACKGROUND: Mechanical, inflammatory, and biochemical factors, particularly matrix metalloproteinases and reactive oxygen lead to chondrocyte degeneration in osteoarthritis. Curcumin has been shown to be a potent antioxidant; however, its protective effects against chondrocyte degeneration in osteoarthritis remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the protective effects of curcumin on articular cartilage of osteoarthritis in rats. METHODS: A total of 30 Sprague-Dawley rats were used and randomly divided into model group (positive control, n=15) and normal group (negative control, n=15). Rat models of traumatic osteoarthritis were established, and then cartilage cells were isolated from articular cartilage and cultured in vitro. Chondrocytes were treated with curcumin (curcumin group) or PDTC (an inhibitor of nuclear factor-kappa B) for 24 hours. The expression level of nuclear factor-kappa B P65 in nucleus and cytoplasm in chondrocytes were determined by western blot assay and immunofluorescence. Moreover, mRNA expressions of type II collagen, matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -13 were analyzed using RT-qPCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Nuclear factor-kappa B P65 protein was mainly expressed in nucleus, but few in cytoplasm in positive control group; the reversed results were found in the curcumin group. Nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B P65 was observed mainly in nucleus in the positive control group; however, that was observed mainly in cytoplasm in the negative control, curcumin, and PDTC groups. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -13 mRNA expressions were significantly decreased, while type II collagen mRNA expression was significantly increased in the curcumin group compared with the positive control group. These findings indicated that curcumin protect chondrocytes against degeneration through inhibiting the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway, suppressing nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B P65 and inhibiting the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-1 and -13, which are responsible for upregulation of type II collagen expression. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Knockdown of low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 in chondrocytes Yang Er-ping, Peng Fei, Liang Jie, Du Yuan-li 2016, 20 (15):  2171-2177.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.15.006 Abstract ( 332 )   PDF (921KB) ( 756 )   Save BACKGROUND: Tumor necrosis factor α, as a pathogenic factor, induces the inflammatory reaction mainly via the activation of the nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway. Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) is involved in the regulation of the inflammatory reaction induced by cytokines. OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of knockdown of LRP1 on tumor necrosis factor α-induced inflammatory reaction. METHODS: Primary cultured rat chondrocytes were transfected with lentivirus-mediated RNA interference to knockdown LRP1 gene. Three days after lentivirus transfection, chondrocytes were pretreated with Bay 11-7082 (10 μmol/L) for 30 minutes prior to the addition of tumor necrosis factor α (30 μg/L) for 30 minutes. Signaling protein and mRNA expressions in chondrocytes were detected by western blot assay and real-time PCR analysis, respectively. Chondrocytes were pretreated with or not Bay 11-7082 (10 μmol/L) 30 minutes prior to the addition of tumor necrosis factor α (30 μg/L) for 12 hours after starvation in DMEM for overnight, and the culture medium was collected for ELISA determination of matrix metalloproteinase 13 level. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Tumor necrosis factor α receptor 1 expression was upregulated in chondrocytes after lentivirus-induced knockdown of LRP1. Increased expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and activation of the nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway were found after the addition of tumor necrosis factor α in shLRP1 group. Moreover, increased level of matrix metalloproteinase 13 was determined by ELISA. Taken together, knockdown of LRP1 up-regulates the expression of tumor necrosis factor α-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase and matrix metalloproteinase 13 through the activation of the nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathway.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of leaves of Lycium barbarum on estrogen receptor in ovariectomized rats Ma Feng, Ma Jing-zu, Gong Fan, Gao Jun, Lv Jin-han 2016, 20 (15):  2178-2183.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.15.007 Abstract ( 322 )   PDF (888KB) ( 706 )   Save BACKGROUND: Lycium barbarum polysaccharide, the main active component of leaves of lycium barbarum, has a remarkable therapeutic effect on osteoporosis in adult ovariectomized female rats. OBJECTIVE: To explore effects of leaves of Lycium barbarum on serum estradiol and bone estrogen receptor expressions in adult oxariectomized female rats． METHODS: Thirty-two 6-month-od female rats were randomized into sham-surgery, model, and treatment groups, respectively. Rat models of postmenopausal osteoporosis were induced by ovariotomy followed by orally administration of water solution of leaves of Lycium barbarum (500 or 1 000 mg/kg) or distilled water once daily for consecutive 12 weeks in treatment and model groups, respectively. Serum estradiol level was detected by radiation immunoassay method. Estrogen receptor α, β immunoreactivities in bone tissue were determined by immunohistochemical staining． RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Serum estradiol level in the model group was significantly decreased compared with the sham-surgery group (P < 0.01), but that was significantly increased in the treatment groups, particularly at high dose, compared with the model group (P < 0.01). Estrogen receptor α, β immunoreactivities were weaker in the model group than the sham-surgery group (P < 0.01), and those were stronger in the treatment groups than the model group (P < 0.01). Our results suggest that leaves of Lycium barbarum treat osteoporosis through enhancing serum estradiol and estrogen receptor expressions in adult ovariectomized rats． 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of Glycyrrhiza flavonoids on expression of perilipin mRNA and protein in skeletal muscle of rats after exhaustive exercise Wang Cheng-ke, Mo Wei-bin, Pan Chang-hong, Zhang Meng, Huang Dong 2016, 20 (15):  2184-2189.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.15.008 Abstract ( 398 )   PDF (848KB) ( 515 )   Save BACKGROUND: Glycyrrhiza flavonoids can protect muscle tissues against oxidative and inflammatory injuries. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of Glycyrrhiza flavonoids on energy storing and release of adipose tissue by studying expressions of perilipin mRNA and protein in skeletal muscle tissues of rats after exhaustive exercise. METHODS: Fifty male healthy Sprague-Dawley rats were used and equally randomized into five groups: quiet control, exercise alone (intragastric administration with saline), exercise combined with low-, moderate-, high-dose Glycyrrhiza flavonoids (intragastric administration with Glycyrrhiza flavonoids) groups, respectively. Perilipin mRNA and protein expressions in skeletal muscle tissues containing gastrocnemius muscle and musculi soleus were determined at 6 weeks after exhaustive exercise. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Expression of perilipin mRNA in rat gastrocnemius muscle in quiet control group was significantly decreased compared with exercise alone and all combined intervention groups (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Protein expression of perilipin in exercise combined with moderate- or high-dose glycyrrhiza flavonoids group was significantly increased compared with quiet control group (P < 0.05). Expression of perilipin mRNA in rat musculi soleus was significantly decreased compared with exercise combined with moderate-dose glycyrrhiza flavonoids group (P < 0.05). These findings confirm that Glycyrrhiza flavonoids are benefit for improvement of aerobic metabolism capacity of gastrocnemius muscle through regulating lipolysis pathway. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament by allogeneic tendon graft: clinical curative effect and immune rejection Tu Ze-song, Liang Li-xue, Xing Ji-si 2016, 20 (15):  2190-2196.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.15.009 Abstract ( 484 )   PDF (997KB) ( 1082 )   Save BACKGROUND: Problems can occur at the donor site where the autologous tendon graft is taken. Allogenic tissue has become an important graft option for the reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament. OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical curative effect and immune rejection of arthroscopic reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament by allogeneic tendon graft. METHODS: The 120 included patients with anterior cruciate ligament injury were randomized into autologous tendon graft and allogeneic tendon graft groups, respectively, with 60 patients in each group. The autologous semitendinosus-gracilis graft at the affected side or the allogeneic anterior cruciate ligament was implanted into the knee joint in autologous tendon graft group or allogeneic tendon graft group, respectively. Lachman test results, Lysholm and Larson scores of joint function, and postoperative immune rejection were observed and assessed during 2-year follow-up. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Lysholm and Larson scores in autologous tendon graft and allogeneic tendon graft groups were significantly increased after the reconstruction compared with before the reconstruction; however, there was no difference in the scores between both two groups at 2 years after the reconstruction (P > 0.05). At the end of the follow-up, the normal function of the knee joint was restored, and no lag and flexion constraint of the knee joint were observed. No significant differences were observed in Lachman test results between both groups (P > 0.05). Compared with the autologous tendon graft group, immune rejection rates were higher in the allogeneic tendon graft group; however, no significant differences were observed between both groups (P > 0.05). In summary, the allogeneic tendon graft may be a candidate for the reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament due to its similar clinical curative effect to the autologous tendon graft and low immune rejection rates. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Angiogenic factors in osteonecrosis of the femoral head Hong Guo-ju, He Wei, Wei Qiu-shi, Chen Lei-lei 2016, 20 (15):  2197-2205.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.15.010 Abstract ( 429 )   PDF (432KB) ( 461 )   Save BACKGROUND: A variety of angiogenic factors are involved in bone healing after osteonecrosis of the femoral head. OBJECTIVE: To explore the role and mechanism of angiogenic factors in osteonecrosis of the femoral head. METHODS: A computed-based online search of PubMed, Google and SpringerLink databases was performed using the key words of “angiogenic factors, osteonecrosis of the femoral head, vascular endothelial growth factor, angiopoietin-1, fibroblast growth factor-2, hypoxia inducible factor-1, calcitonin gene related peptide and hypoxia inducible factor-1α” for literatures published from December 1980 to May 2015. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Finally, 68 articles were included. Bone angiogenesis which is dependent on special signaling factors in the microenvironment is closely linked with bone repair. A variety of cytokines, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, angiopoietin-1, fibroblast growth factor-2, platelet-derived growth factor, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and hypoxia inducible factor-1α, have been identified to control angiogenesis in different ways and be involved in the repair of necrotic femoral head.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Relationship between the levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1beta and interleukin 6 of bone tissue and osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats Zhu Shu-tao, Liu Yang, Zhang Ming-hui, Wang Xiao 2016, 20 (15):  2206-2211.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.15.011 Abstract ( 271 )   PDF (811KB) ( 426 )   Save BACKGROUND: It has found that secretions of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) are closely related to osteoporosis OBJECTIVE: To further investigate the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 of bone tissue in ovariectomized rats and their relationship with osteoporosis. METHODS: Sixty 3-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group and test group (n=30 per group). In the test group osteoporosis model was induced by ovariectomy followed by intraperitoneal injection of aluminum nitride solution; while rats in the control group were given intraperitoneal injection of normal saline without ovariectomy. The experiment cycle was 12 weeks. One week after modeling, serum level of estradiol was tested, and the bone mineral density of rats measured with bone densitometry. In the meanwhile, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in bone tissue were detected to analyze the correlation between cytokines and bone mineral density. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The level of serum estradiol in the test group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P=0.007); the bone mineral density of the lumbar spine and femur in the test group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P=0.006, 0.004). Compared with the control group, the percentages of trabecular bone and osteoblast area within the visual field in the test group were significantly lower, while the osteoclast area within the visual field was significantly higher (P=0.037, 0.029, 0.044). Compared with the control group, the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in the test group significantly increased (P=0.032, 0.031, 0.025). And the bone mineral density of the lumbar spine and femur was negatively correlated with the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in the test group (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the osteoclast activity is enhanced by elevating the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 of bone tissue of ovariectomized rats, and increasing the percentage of osteoclast area within the visual field. Moreover, the percentages of trabecular bone and osteoblast area within the visual field have a decline, which accelerates the process of bone resorption and leads to the formation of osteoporosis. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effect of body mass index on outcomes of in vitro fertilization for infertile females at different ages Li Pei, Zhang Jing, Jin Xuan 2016, 20 (15):  2212-2217.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.15.012 Abstract ( 324 )   PDF (777KB) ( 432 )   Save BACKGROUND: The effect of body mass index (BMI) on the outcomes of in vitro fertilization (IVF) is controversial. Some scholars suggested that the higher BMI, the lower rate of pregnancy, and the higher rate of abortion. However, some others got the different results. To data, the effects of BMI on the pregnancy outcomes in females at different ages are rarely reported. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of BMI on the pregnancy outcomes of IVF for infertile women atdifferent ages.  METHODS: A total of 902 cycles undergoing IVF were divided into two groups according to the age: ≤ or ＞ 35 years old groups. The patients in each group were then divided into four subgroups according to BMI: low weight, normal weight, excess weight, and obesity subgroups, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: With increasing BMI, the average dosage of gonadotropins was increased gradually in two both of age groups (P < 0.05). In the ≤ 35 years old, the levels of estrogens on the day of injecting human chorionic gonadotropin was significantly lower in obesity group than the other subgroups (P < 0.05); the rates of empty follicle in excess weight and obesity subgroups were significantly higher than that in normal weight subgroup (P < 0.008 23). The fertilization rate and clinical pregnancy rate of in obesity subgroup were significantly lower than those in the other subgroups (P < 0.05). In the > 35 years old group, the empty follicle rate in obesity subgroup was significantly higher than that in normal weight subgroup  (P < 0.008 23). Fertilization rate in excess weight and obesity subgroups was significantly lower than that in the normal weight subgroup (P < 0.008 23). There were no significant differences in cleavage rate, cycle cancellation rate, implantation rate, biochemical pregnancy rate and abortion rate between four subgroups   (P > 0.05). These findings suggest that in the females at the younger age, BMI not only affects the quality of follicles and fertilization rate; but with increasing BMI, clinical pregnancy rate is decreased obviously. However in the females at the older age, BMI only affects the follicular quality, embryo quality and fertilization rates; there are no significant differences in the outcomes of pregnancy in the four subgroups. BMI have effects on pregnancy outcomes of IVF, and the effects are much greater in the younger female group. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of FABP-5 gene silencing on the biological characteristics of the cervical carcinoma cell line SiHa Chen Feng-zhen, Yin Li-rong 2016, 20 (15):  2218-2224.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.15.013 Abstract ( 326 )   PDF (883KB) ( 697 )   Save BACKGROUND: Cancer related genes and pathways play a critical role in formation and development of cancer. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the silencing epidermal fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP-5) by siRNA interference on biological characteristics of the cervical carcinoma cell line SiHa. METHODS: Design and synthesis of siRNA interference sequence used to transiently transfect SiHa cells was performed according to FABP-5 mRNA coding sequence. mRNA and protein expressions of FABP-5 were detected by RT-PCR and western blot assay, respectively. Meanwhile, cell cycle, proliferation, invasion and apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry, cell counting bit-8 assay, Boyden chamber assay, and TUNEL staining, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: FABP-5 mRNA and protein expressions, cell growth speed, cell number at S phase (cell cycle was arrested at the G0/G1 phase) and cell invasion were significantly decreased, while the cell apoptosis was significantly increased in FABP-5 siRNA group compared with the negative control and blank control groups. Our findings indicate that the specific silencing FABP-5 gene expression by siRNA interference can inhibit SiHa cervical cell growth and proliferation, but accelerate cell apoptosis. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Downregulated Hsa-let-7f contributes to the loss of type II collagen by targeting interleukin-10/STAT3 signaling pathway in degenerative lumbar scoliosis Wang Lei, Li Tian-wang, Liu Jian-qiang, Liu Xiao-zong, Wang Zhao-guo, Tian Yan, Zhang Yong-xing, Wang Wei 2016, 20 (15):  2225-2232.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.15.014 Abstract ( 374 )   PDF (1109KB) ( 411 )   Save BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in a variety of diseases. Investigation of miRNA expression profile in degenerative lumbar scoliosis is beneficial for understanding its pathogenesis, providing a novel therapeutic target. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that miRNAs promote intervertebral disc degeneration through the interleukin-10/STAT3 signaling pathway, a potential regulator of intervertebral disc degeneration. OBJECTIVE: To compare the differentially expressed miRNAs in the intervertebral disc tissues from patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis and normal controls and to identify specific miRNAs in degenerative lumbar scoliosis followed by functional validation. METHODS: An initial screening of miRNA expression in nucleus pulposus tissues by miRNA Solexa Sequencing was performed in samples from 10 patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis and 10 controls, respectively. Subsequently, differentially expressed miRNAs were validated using qRT-PCR. The level of differentially expressed miRNAs in degenerative nucleus pulposus tissues was investigated. Then, functional analysis of the miRNAs in regulating type II collagen expression was carried out. Western blot and luciferase reporter assay were used to further confirm the target gene. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: We identified 30 miRNAs that were differentially expressed (16 upregulated and 14 downregulated) in patients with degenerative lumbar scoliosis compared with controls. Following qRT-PCR confirmation, Has-let-7f was significantly down-regulated in degenerative nucleus pulposus tissues as compared with controls. Moreover, its level was correlated with the severity of disc degeneration. Overexpression of Has-let-7f promoted type II collagen expression in nucleus pulposus cells. Knockout of interleukin-10 induced effects on nucleus pulposus cells similar to Has-let-7f. Bioinformatics target prediction identified interleukin-10 as a putative target of Has-let-7f. Furthermore, luciferase reporter assays demonstrated that Has-let-7f altered the expression of STAT3 and matrix metalloproteinase-2. These findings indicate that the downregulation of Has-let-7f induces type II collagen loss by directly targeting inleukin-10, thereby resulting in intervertebral disc degeneration and degenerative lumbar scoliosis. Has-let-7f is likely to be a novel therapeutic target for degenerative lumbar scoliosis. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Differential gene expression between Xinjiang Uygur and Han patients with ankylosing spondylitis Liu Zhen-feng, Liang Zhi-quan, Hong Han-gang, Fang Rui, Elijan•Asla, Zhao Jiang 2016, 20 (15):  2233-2240.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.15.015 Abstract ( 357 )   PDF (874KB) ( 461 )   Save BACKGROUND: Genetic factors, environment, chronic infection, and autoimmune disorders are considered to be involved in the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis. Genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of the disease. Ethnic and regional diversity of differentially expressed genes has become research hotspot because of family aggregation and ethnic diversity of ankylosing spondylitis. OBJECTIVE: To screen differentially expressed genes in Xinjiang Uygur and Han patients with ankylosing spondylitis by microarray screening and compare differences in gene expressions. METHODS: Uygur and Han patients with active ankylosing spondylitis in department of rheumatology of our hospital were randomly collected with five patients for each. In addition, three healthy volunteers were selected as controls. RNA from peripheral blood was extracted and used for microarray hybridization after probe preparation to screen differentially expressed genes in ankylosing spondylitis samples and the microarray results were verified by semi-quantitative RT-PCR analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Twenty differentially expressed miRNAs were screened in Uygur and Han patients with active ankylosing spondylitis (P < 0.05). From relationship analysis of target genes and miRNAs, 15 target genes corresponding to the 79 miRNAs involved in human leucocyte antigens and interleukins which linked to human immunity system were found. These findings suggest that differentially expressed genes can be screened from Uygur and Han patients with ankylosing spondylitis. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Apoptosis of bone cells in alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head Li Jin-huan, Chen Yue-ping 2016, 20 (15):  2241-2247.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.15.016 Abstract ( 289 )   PDF (773KB) ( 565 )   Save BACKGROUND: Currently, there is a lack of effective hip preserving therapy in patients with alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head. Artificial hip replacement is the only choice for the patients whose function of the hip joint is affected by the collapse of the femoral head in the late stage. Therefore, to understand the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head is of great significance for the effective hip preserving therapy in patients. OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress in apoptosis of bone cells in the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head both at home and abroad in recent years, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the study of the treatment of alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head. METHODS: PubMed and Embase databases were retrieved by the first author using computer to search relevant articles addressing the effect of apoptosis of bone cells in the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head. The keywords were “osteonecrosis of femoral head and apoptosis”, “bone cell, apoptosis, gene, signal” or “osteonecrosis, alcohol”in the title and the full text. Repetitive and old literatures were excluded, and finally 40 foreign language articles were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In recent years, the theory of apoptosis of bone cells in the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head has been gradually recognized and has become the focus of research on the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head. Apoptosis of bone cells plays an important role in the pathogenesis of alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head. Various genes, such as p53, Bcl-2 family, tumor necrosis factor, Caspase, are crucial to control the apoptosis of bone cells. Although we have made some progresses at the gene level, there is still a lack of relevant studies on alcohol-induced osteonecrosis of femoral head due to the complexity of pathogenesis. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effects of sarcopenia and exercise training on muscle satellite cells: current status and prospects Yu Qun, Weng Xi-quan, Wang Li-ping 2016, 20 (15):  2248-2254.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.15.017 Abstract ( 402 )   PDF (887KB) ( 936 )   Save BACKGROUND: The phenomenon of atrophy or reduction of muscle, causing degenerative changes of muscle functions, appears along with age. Sports training, in which muscle satellite cells are of great importance, is beneficial to increase in muscle mass and improvement of muscle function.  OBJECTIVE: To summarize regulatory mechanism of satellite cells in skeletal muscle mass; changes of satellite muscle cells in the degenerative process of muscle mass and strength; declining and reverse effects of sports training intervention; situations and problems of current research and prospective of the future.  METHODS: A computer-based online search was conducted in PubMed database by using the key words of “sarcopenia, skeletal muscle, satellite cells” from 1986 to 2015. The language was limited to English. The eligible papers were further analyzed and reviewed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 168 papers were screened. Finally, 39 papers were selected according to the titles and objectives. Skeletal muscle atrophy is shown as II type muscle fiber atrophy, and the II type muscle fiber satellite cell content decreases simultaneously. Exercise is beneficial to increase muscle mass and improve muscle function in older people. Both resistance and endurance trainings can increase the skeletal muscle, especially the II muscle fiber satellite cell content with a further increase in the satellite cell activation and proliferation. The number and activation degree of satellite cells are related to muscle aging, and satellite cells and proliferation factors regulate muscle cell formation. Therefore, future researches should not only focus on the increase of satellite cell bank, but also explore effective ways to promote the activation of satellite cells, such as exercise training, nutrition and drugs. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

The fibroblast growth factor signaling pathway Su Yu-han, Du Hua, Niu Guang-ming, Wang Jing, Weng Li-xin 2016, 20 (15):  2255-2264.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.15.018 Abstract ( 774 )   PDF (812KB) ( 1994 )   Save   BACKGROUND: In the earliest stages of embryonic development and organ formation, fibroblast growth factor family members function as mediating the growth, differentiation, survival, and morphology of progenitor cells. Fibroblast growth factor mediates metabolic function, tissue repair and regeneration in mature tissues by reactivation of signal pathways. OBJECTIVE: To summarize and explore the role of the fibroblast growth factor signaling pathway in tissues and organs. METHODS: A computer-based online search was conducted in CNKI and PubMed databases by using the key words of “fibroblast growth factor, signaling pathway” from 2010 to 2016 and 2000 to 2016, respectively to screen the relevant literatures. The language was limited to both Chinese and English. Research progress in the fibroblast growth factor signaling pathway was summarized. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 47 literatures were included. Mammalian fibroblast growth factor family is composed of 18 secreted signal proteins which interact with 4 tyrosine kinase signal fibroblast growth factor receptors. Interaction of fibroblast growth factor ligand with the receptor is regulated by a protein or cofactor binding proteoglycans and extracellular proteins. Activation of fibroblast growth factor receptor mediates interaction with cytoplasmic adapter protein, RAS-MAPK, and PI3K-AKT, phospholipase Cγ and STAT signaling pathway by phosphorylation on a specific tyrosine residue. Four structurally related intracellular non-signaling fibroblast growth factors regulate the voltage-gated sodium ion channels by their interactions. Fibroblast growth factors exist in almost all tissues and organs, and developmental defects and abnormal activity of this pathway (destruction of organogenesis) is associated with damage response to injury, metabolic disorders and cancer. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Tendinopathy and the extracellular matrix: to deeply study the key proteins and enzymes in the bone-tendon junction Liu Chun-yu, Han Xiao-yan, Wang Lin 2016, 20 (15):  2265-2272.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.15.019 Abstract ( 294 )   PDF (1264KB) ( 463 )   Save BACKGROUND: In recent years, research on tendinopathy is becoming a hot topic in the sports medicine and rehabilitation, and the extracellular matrix plays a considerable role in the occurrence, development and healing of tendinopathy. OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between tendinopathy and the extracellular matrix. METHODS: CNKI, VIP, CBM, Wanfang, PubMed and Embase were retrieved for articles related to collagen, protein, glycoprotein and matrix remodeling published since 2000. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After tendinopathy, there are obvious changes in collagen, proteoglycans, glycoprotein and related enzymes; and these changes also affect the reconstruction and repair of tendinopathy. Currently, most of researches focus on the tendon rather than the bone-tendon junction. This means that there are no in-depth studies on the correlation between many important proteins and tendinopathy, and the effects of exercise intervention. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Application and progress in endothelial progenitor cells in hypertension Li Wen-hua, Zhang Qun-hui, Rong Hao, Cai Peng, Yuan Dong-ya 2016, 20 (15):  2273-2280.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2016.15.020 Abstract ( 292 )   PDF (852KB) ( 511 )   Save BACKGROUND: Structural and functional changes of endothelial cells are the common pathological basis of cardiovascular disease. Severe structural and functional damage of endothelial cells are found in patients with hypertension or coronary heart diseases. OBJECTIVE: To explore a new treatment method for hypertension from the perspective of vascular endothelial progenitor cells. METHODS: PubMed and Wanfang databases were retrieved using the keywords “hypertension, EPCs” and approximately relevant 200 English and 100 Chinese literatures were obtained. Forty-nine eligible literatures were screened finally. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Endothelial progenitor cells have strong differentiation and proliferation capacities. This review may provide a new insight into potential sources of cells for diagnosis and treatment of hypertension. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics