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17 September 2014, Volume 18 Issue 39 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Rebuilding injured vertebrae by different kinds of bone graft materials to treat thoracoiumbar burst fractures: an imaging verification of bone healing Shi Xiao-lin, Liu Qing-ge, Zhang Hao, Tian Yue, Yang Yong-ming, Yuan Wei-dong 2014, 18 (39):  6233-6239.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.001 Abstract ( 408 )   PDF (1144KB) ( 511 )   Save BACKGROUND: Intravertebral bone graft to rebuild anterior and middle column structure and to recover vertebral morphology has been re-understood, and a suitable bone graft material can promote bone healing and be conducive to rebuild the long-term stability of the spine. OBJECTIVE: To discuss the differences in clinical efficacy of three kinds of bone graft materials through unilateral pedicle to treat thoracolumbar burst fractures. METHODS: Totally 102 thoracolumbar burst fracture patients were randomized into three groups: autologous bone, autologous bone combined with allogeneic bone and allogeneic bone were implanted via the unilateral pedicle, respectively, in the three groups. We measured the percentage of height of the anterior edge of vertebral body and Cobb angle by X-Ray before and after bone grafting, and used CT to observe bone graft healing, and used Mimics to measure the defect area of vertebral body at the last follow-up. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All the 102 patients were followed-up for 24-36 months. The percentage of height of the anterior edge of vertebral body and Cobb angle of three groups were restored after bone grafting  (P < 0.05), but there was no difference in the percentage of height of the anterior edge of vertebral body of three groups at different time point after bone grafting. The Cobb angle in the allogeneic bone group was bigger than  that in the autologous bone group and autologous bone combined with allogeneic bone group at 9, 12 and 24 months after bone grafting (P < 0.05). The fracture healing rate of the allogeneic bone group at different time points was lower than that of the autologous bone group and autologous bone combined with allogeneic bone group (P < 0.05), and the area of bone defect was bigger than that in the autologous bone group and autologous bone combined with allogeneic bone group (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that these three bone graft materials can rebuild the vertebral body via the unilateral pedicle to treat thoracolumbar burst fracture, reduce the loss of vertebral height and Cobb angle, and decrease defect area of the vertebral body. The clinical efficacy of autologous bone combined with allogeneic bone to heal bone graft and reduce bone defect is similar to autologous bone, both of which are better than allogeneic bone alone. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Improvement of osteoblast bioactivity and osteoprotegrin gene expression of titanium surface by anodic oxidation Fu Xiao-long, Li Ying, Li Bao-e, Li Chang-yi 2014, 18 (39):  6240-6245.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.002 Abstract ( 386 )   PDF (618KB) ( 581 )   Save BACKGROUND: Nanostructure formation on titanium surface by anodic oxidation has good biocompatibility with bone tissue. OBJECTIVE: To observe the surface morphology and crystalline constitution of nanopores microstructure on titanium surface formed by anodic oxidation and to further observe its influence on the MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells’ biological behavior and the gene expression of osteoprotegerin. METHODS: Nanopores forming on titanium surface by anodic oxidation was prepared as experimental group and polished titanium as control group (12 samples for each group). Mouse MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts were co-cultured with polished pure titanium plate group and anodic oxidation nanopores group. After 7 days of inoculation, cell morphology was observed using scanning electron microscopy, MTT method was used for the cell proliferation test and the growth curve was made. Gene expression of osteoprotegerin was also detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After anodic oxidation, a homogeneous and uniform array of nanopores formed;  however it had no significant influence on the crystalline phase of the titanium sample surfaces. Titanium surface with nanopore structure was more favorable than polished titanium surface for cell attachment and spreading. Cells on the anodized surface with nanopores had higher cell density and bigger metal coverage area. Cells on the nanopores surface also exhibited a polygonal shape with many filopodia extending in all directions. MTT method showed that the anodized nanopore surface had higher cell amount than the as-polished titanium, and the former was about 1.4 times of the latter group after 7 days of culture. The gene expression level of osteoprotegerin in the MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on anodized titanium surface with nanopores was significantly higher than that on the as-polished titanium (P < 0.01). The anodic oxidation treatment is more advantageous for the osteoblasts adhesion and gene expression of osteoprotegerin, thereby promoting the growth of osteoblasts. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of polylactic acid-polyethylene glycol composite fibrous materials on adhesion, multiplication and viability of osteoblasts  Lu Jian, Yang Zhen-lei, Hou Ren 2014, 18 (39):  6246-6251.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.003 Abstract ( 349 )   PDF (550KB) ( 515 )   Save BACKGROUND: Recent advances in polylactic acid-polyethylene glycol (PLA-PEG) block copolymer and hydroxyapatite surface-grafted with poly(l-lactide) (HA-g-PLLA), including their synthesis and preparation, have been approved for application in bone tissue engineering. But they have still many disadvantages. Combination of HA-g-PLLA and PEG–PLA could show a great potential for development in bone tissue engineering. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of PLA-PEG/HA-g-PLLA composite fibrous material with different content of HA-g-PLLA on adhesion, multiplication and cell viability of osteoblasts.  METHODS: Four fibrous materials of 5%PLA-PEG, 5%PLA-PEG/5%HA-g-PLLA, 5%PLA-PEG/10%HA-g-PLLA, 5%PLA-PEG/15%HA-g-PLLA were prepared using electrospinning technique and divided into four experimental groups. Mouse osteoblasts were inoculated on the materials. A statistical analysis was done based on results from cell dyeing and alkaline phosphatase detection at certain time points to evaluate the effect of new materials on osteoblast adhesion, proliferation and viability. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the experiment of cell multiplication and the test of alkaline phosphatase activity, both absorbance values and activity of alkaline phosphatase from high to low were 5%PLA-PEG/10%HA-g-PLLA > 5%PLA-PEG/15%HA-g-PLLA > 5%PLA-PEG/5%HA-g-PLLA > 5%HA-g-PLLA (P < 0.05). The absorbance value of PLA-PEG/HA-g-PLLA roughly presented a waveform with the increasing addition of HA-g-PLLA. The effect of PLA-PEG/HA-g-PLLA composite fibrous material on adhesion, multiplication and osteogensis of osteoblasts increases with addition of HA-g-PLLA in a certain range. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative analysis of allogeneic bone pad and autogenous bone graft in anterior cervical interbody fusion Wang Wei-ji, Guan Yu-cheng, Gao Xi-lin, Ji Ming-hua, Guo Shu-zhang, Fan Xiang-cheng, Ye Si-bo 2014, 18 (39):  6252-6257.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.004 Abstract ( 327 )   PDF (673KB) ( 407 )   Save BACKGROUND: Surgical treatment is often required for fractures of the cervical vertebrae. Anterior interbody fusion technology is still the main method for the treatment of cervical degeneration or traumatic instability. Here, the self-made oval allogeneic bone pad can adapt to different height and width of the intervertebral space, in line with the physiological shape of the intervertebral space. OBJECTIVE: By comparison with autogenous iliac crest bone, to evaluate various types of self-designed allogeneic bone pads on anterior cervical interbody fusion. METHODS: From January 2009 to December 2013, 58 patients with cervical disc herniation were enrolled and subjected to cervical discectomy and anterior cervical interbody fusion. According to different bone grafts, these patients were divided into allogeneic bone pad and autogenous iliac bone groups. The course of disease was 12 to 24 months. The postoperative effect was measured by Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, cervical fusion rate, fusion time, operative time, blood loss and rejection rate. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 6 months postoperatively, the JOA score of two groups had no significant difference at 6 months after treatment (P > 0.05); the cervical fusion rates were 83.7% and 87.8%, respectively, in the allogeneic bone pad and autogenous iliac bone groups, with no significant difference (P > 0.05). Fusion time was higher in the allogeneic bone pad than in the autogenous iliac bone group (P < 0.05). The internal fixators in  the two groups were firmed without loosening, and there was no rejection during the follow-up. Compared with the autogenous iliac crest bone, anterior cervical interbody fusion with allogeneic bone pad can achieve satisfactory effects, which can be better for intervertebral fusion and cannot induce pain due to bone cutting. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Bicarbonate- versus lactate-buffered solutions for hemodiafiltration in acute renal failure: a meta-analysis Wanyan Ping-ping, Wang Xiao-ling, Wang Wen-ge, Wang Jian-qin 2014, 18 (39):  6258-6264.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.005 Abstract ( 452 )   PDF (284KB) ( 519 )   Save  BACKGROUND: Hemodialysis therapy is an important means for the treatment of acute renal failure, which aims to remove excess water and toxins and maintain acid-base balance of a patient, creating conditions for medication and nutrition therapy while avoiding multiple organ failure. OBJECTIVE: To compare bicarbonate- and lactate-buffered solutions for acute continuous hemodiafiltration in acute renal failure. METHODS: A computer-based search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE, SCI, Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, China Journal Full Text Database, Chinese Medical Association Journals for randomized control trials related to bicarbonate- versus lactate-buffered solutions for hemodiafiltration in acute renal failure published before January 2014. The quality of the included studies was evaluated by Cochrane Handbook, and data were analyzed by RevMan 5.1 from the Cochrane Collaboration. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Four studies (171 patients) met inclusion criteria. Overall, patients treated with bicarbonate-buffered solutions had fewer cardiovascular complications and symptomatic hypotension events as well as lower serum lactate levels than patients who received lactate-buffered solutions (P < 0.05). There were no differences in mortality, serum bicarbonate levels, serum creatinine, serum pH, carbon dioxide partial pressure.The current evidence shows that patients undergoing bicarbonate-buffered solutions may experience fewer cardiovascular complications and symptomatic hypotension. Given the limited research, it is insufficient to recommend for clinical use. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Percutaneous kyphoplasty plus anti-osteoporosis drug for the treatment of acute osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures Yang Liu-zhu, Chen Zhong, Yan Xin-ping, Xu Zun-ying, Tan Wei 2014, 18 (39):  6265-6270.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.006 Abstract ( 356 )   PDF (670KB) ( 479 )   Save BACKGROUND: Percutaneous kyphoplasty for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures has gained good clinical results and it is characterized as small trauma, less bleeding and very low rate of complications. The vast majority of elderly patients can tolerate it, but this method cannot prevent fracture replase in the elderly. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate clinical outcomes of percutaneous kyphoplasty combined with anti-osteoporosis drug for the treatment of acute osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures METHODS: According to strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, 137 patients, including 26 males and 111 females, mean age of (75.55±6.96) years, with a total of 198 acute osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures treated by kyphoplasty that involves injection of polymethyl methacrylate cement under radiologic control into a treated vertebral body were conducted in this study. All patients were asked to take anti-osteoporosis drugs for 3 post-treatment months. The primary outcomes were visual analogue scale, ertebral restoring rate, Oswestry disability index, Cobb angle at different time (pre-operation, 1 week and 3 months after operation). In addition, the rate of complications and the replase rate of vertebral compression fractures after operation were recorded. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There were significant differences in the mean visual analog scale scores, vertebral restoring rate, Oswestry disability index, Cobb angle at pre-procedure and post-procedure (at 1 week  and 3 months) (P < 0.001). In addition, the rate of postoperative complications was 0.7% and there were no vertebral compression fractures during 3-month follow-up period. Our study suggests that percutaneous kyphoplasty combined with anti-osteoporosis drug for the treatment of acute osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures can gain good clinical results. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Curative effects of percutaneous vertebroplasty with poly(methyl methacrylate) versus conservative treatment on fresh osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures Zhu Zhou, Wang Sheng-jie, Li Xiao-long, Fei Yan-qiang, Jiang Xiao-jun 2014, 18 (39):  6271-6275.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.007 Abstract ( 344 )   PDF (267KB) ( 338 )   Save BACKGROUND: Percutaneous vertebroplasty for vertebral fractures can effectively relieve acute pain and has the advantages of small trauma, good curative effect and less complications, but for patients with osteoporotic compression fractures, there were varying degrees of osteoporosis after surgery, which have a longer course of disease and cannot be easy to cure. So the effectiveness of percutaneous vertebroplasty cannot be fully evaluated based on the pain relief.  OBJECTIVE: To study the curative effect of percutaneous vertebroplasty for patients with fresh osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures. METHODS: We selected 24 patients undergoing percutaneous vertebroplasty and 24 patients receiving conservative treatment at the same time who had fresh osteoporotic compression fractures as research objects; and compared pain degree, vertebral body height and the kyphosis Cobb angle, function activity of the lower lumbar before and after treatment, the quality of life and clinical incidence of complications within 6 months after treatment in the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The degree of pain, the vertebral body height, kyphosis Cobb angle, function activity of the lower lumbar were all improved in the two groups after treatment (P < 0.05), and these indexes in the percutaneous vertebroplasty group were better than those in the conservative treatment group (P < 0.05). The quality of life and incidence of complications within 6 months after treatment were improved better in the percutaneous vertebroplasty group than the conservative treatment group (both P < 0.05). These results suggest that the percutaneous vertebroplasty for fresh osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral compression fractures can effectively reduce the pain of patients, improve vertebral deformity and activities of the lower lumbar, and has obvious role in promoting the postoperative quality of life of patients.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Nano-chitosan/bone morphogenetic protein gel prevents absorption of rat’s alveolar ridge Chen Yu-yang, Sun Jing, Xie Fu-qiang, Zhang Yun, Wang Xin, Sun Jian 2014, 18 (39):  6276-6281.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.008 Abstract ( 379 )   PDF (714KB) ( 365 )   Save BACKGROUND: Absorption and atrophy of the alveolar ridge always happen after tooth extraction. There are still a lot of difficulties to be worked out to prevent the atrophy of the alveolar ridge. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of the nano-chitosan/bone morphogenetic protein hydrogel on preventing absorption of the residual alveolar ridge of the rats. METHODS: Totally 54 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly and equally into three groups. A model of residual alveolar ridge was made by extraction of the left central incisor. Nano-chitosan bone morphogenetic protein hydrogel was implanted into the rat’s alveolar fossa of the experimental group; the alveolar fossa of the control group was implanted with nano-chitosan hydrogel; the alveolar fossa of the blank group was implanted with nothing. Rat’s mandible was fully dissected after 3, 6, 9 weeks, respectively. Molybdenum target X-ray examination and pathological observation were evaluated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At weeks 3, 6, 9 postoperation, the residual alveolar ridge was absorbed to different degrees, which was milder in the experimental group than the cotrol group and blank group (P < 0.05). After 3 weeks, in the blank group, less new bone formed, but bleeding and a large amount of inflammatory cells  were visible; in the control group, a few of osteoid tissues and lymphocytes were found; in the experimental group,new bone formed and a small amount of inflammatory cells were observed. After 6 weeks, new bone formed obviously in the experimental group, a little new bone formed in the control group, but less new bone formed in the blank group. After 9 weeks, a large amount of new bone formed in the experimental group with good osteogenic ability; only a few of new bone formed in the control and blank groups. Nano-chitosan/bone morphogenetic protein hydrogel can be used to prevent the absorption of the residual alveolar ridge after tooth extraction. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Three-dimensional finite element analysis of capabilities of a new open “C”-shaped molar band with nanocoating Zhou Shan, Wang Xiang, Xu Xu-guang, Lu Xiao-li 2014, 18 (39):  6282-6286.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.009 Abstract ( 299 )   PDF (455KB) ( 514 )   Save BACKGROUND: A new open “C”-shaped molar band with nanocoating (patent number: ZL201110057699.1) has been invented to overcome some weakness of traditional bands and buccal tubes, which is used for molar fixation. OBJECTIVE: Using three-dimension finite element analysis software to theoretically prove that the new band comes up to clinic requirement. METHODS: We established a finite element model of alveolar bone-tooth-band, and node domains tensile and shear loading were given. Stress distribution of the new bands through numerical simulation was predicted and calculated. Simulation of 20 N orthodontic force was applied in medial direction, distal direction and vertical direction in the three-dimensional model of a new band buccal tube and traditional band, to analyze the stress state in different directions under the force of the binder. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: By numerical simulation of three-dimensional finite element, the stress of the new band was higher than that of the traditional band, but it could not reach the clinical cracking limit of resin reinforced glass ionomer cement. So the new band could theoretically satisfy the clinical requirements. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Changes of oral flora within 6 months after fixed metal orthodontic treatment Hao Chun-bo, Xie Qi, Chen Xiao-bin, Guo Dong-mei, Liang Zhen-geng 2014, 18 (39):  6287-6291.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.010 Abstract ( 456 )   PDF (362KB) ( 477 )   Save BACKGROUND: Currently, there are a lot of studies addressing oral microflora variation in patients wearing fixed orthodontic appliance. OBJECTIVE: To determine the changes in Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus and oral health in teenagers wearing metal orthodontic appliances. METHODS: Twenty-three who were subjected to fixed metal orthodontic appliances as testing group and 18 adolescent volunteers with no oral diseases served as controls. We collected saliva samples from all the participants immediately, 90 days and 180 days after fixed metal orthodontic treatment to detect changes in Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus, which can lead to dental caries, and other oral parameters, including gingival index and oral hygiene index. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the control group, there were no difference in Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus, gingival index and oral hygiene index at three time points. In the testing group, the hazard levels of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus were significantly increased at 90 and 180 days than immediately after fixed metal orthodontic treatment (P < 0.05), as well as the gingival index at 90 days and oral hygiene index at 180 days became worse (P < 0.05). At 180 days after fixed metal orthodontic treatment, the hazard levels of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus, gingival index and oral hygiene index were severer in the testing group than the control group (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the fixed metal orthodontic appliance could lead to increasing of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus, and reduce oral health status badly. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 scaffold and tantalum rod in the treatment of early-stage osteonecrosis of the femoral head: comparison of short-term efficacy Xu Hong-yao, Zhao Jian-ning, Guo Ting 2014, 18 (39):  6292-6297.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.011 Abstract ( 461 )   PDF (582KB) ( 405 )   Save BACKGROUND: Nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 has been used in the treatment of early avascular necrosis and obtained the good curative effect that can significantly reduce the pain and delay the collapse of the femoral head. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of core decompression with bone graft and nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 scaffold implantation versus core decompression with bone graft and tantalum rod implantation in treating early-stage avascular necrosis of the femoral head. METHODS: Totally 60 patients with early femoral head necrosis were randomly divided into two groups: observation group and control group. The observation group was treated by core decompression with bone graft and nano-hydroxyapatite/polyamide 66 scaffold implantation, and the control group treated by core decompression with bone graft and tantalum rod implantation. Then, we compared the time of operation, postoperative drainage volume, hospital stay, hospitalization expense, the number of postoperative pain between two groups. All the subjects were followed for 12 months. The efficacy of two different surgical methods was evaluated by Harris scores, imaging curative effect and comprehensive curative effect. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Postoperative drainage volume, hospital stay, and hospital expenses were lower in the observation group than the control group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the operation time and the number of postoperative pain between the two groups (P > 0.05). In the Harris hip scoring, only walking auxiliary score in the observation group was significantly better than that in the control group (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in the X-ray change and comprehensive efficacy evaluation between the two groups (P > 0.05). For patients with early osteonecrosis of the femoral head, core decompression with bone graft and tantalum rod or hydroxyapatitescaffold implantation have similar clinical efficacy. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Myocardial revascularization after myocardial infarction using endothelial progenitor cells combined with fibrin gel Adila Azhati, Zhao Long, Zhou Xin-rong, Liu Fen, Chen Bang-dang, Ma Yi-tong 2014, 18 (39):  6298-6303.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.012 Abstract ( 358 )   PDF (553KB) ( 443 )   Save BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that fibrin glue can promote the survival of myoblast grafts, reduce infarct size and induce neovascularization of infarct zone. OBJECTIVE: To understand the condition of revascularization of infarcted heart muscle using endothelial progenitor cells combined with degradable fibrin glue materials. METHODS: A total of 27 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into three groups, 9 rats in each group: non-myocardial infarction group, immediate transplantation group and 1-week post-infarction transplantation group. Then, these three groups were sub-grouped into two groups, respectively: endothelial progenitor cells+fibrin glue group (experimental group) and fibrin glue group (control group). At 3 and 8 weeks after transplantation, the rats were sacrificed in each group. The revascularization and function of infracted heart muscle were observed by microscope, immunohistochemistry and echocardiography. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Under the microscope, there were some lax connective tissues between the heart and chest in the experimental groups, but no difference existed between the experimental and control groups. The heart structure was normal relatively and difficult to be distinguished between the experimental and control groups histologically and immunologically, and there was no angeioma, vascular malformation and tumor. The number of revascularization of heart muscle showed no difference between experimental and control groups  as well as between different experimental groups. Additionally, there was no significant difference in cardiac function between experimental and control groups. Although there are no positive results of endothelial progenitor cells, we will modify and improve the strategy and believe that the cell delivery system is of benefit and efficacy. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Dexamethason with sodium hyaluronate for treatment of traumatic arthritis: a randomized controlled trial Wang Fu-yong, Gu Jian-hua, Zhu Yan-hui, Wang Xiang, Tao Hai-rong, Liu Yong-zhang 2014, 18 (39):  6304-6308.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.013 Abstract ( 408 )   PDF (851KB) ( 422 )   Save BACKGROUND: Intra-articular injection of sodium hyaluronate or dexamethasone can relieve pain and increase range of motion after traumatic arthritis. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of dexamethasone combined with sodium hyaluronate on traumatic arthritis of rat knees. METHODS: Forty-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups. The anterior ligament of the left knee was resected and the medial meniscus was removed to establish models of traumatic arthritis in all the rats. After 3 weeks, the four groups were respectively injected dexamethasone+sodium hyaluronate (combined group), dexamethasone, sodium hyaluronate, and nothing (control group). After 4, 8, 12 weeks of injection, the samples were obtained for gross observation, anteroposterior and lateral X-ray films and hematoxylin-eosin staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 12 weeks after injection, X-ray films showed that there was no stenosis in the combined group, mild stenosis in the dexamethasone and sodium hyaluronate groups, and obvious stenosis in the control group (indicating severe osteoarthritis); hematoxylin-eosin staining exhibited the fibrous cartilage-like tissue grew well in the combined group, varying degrees of proliferation of fibrous cartilage-like cells were visible in the dexamethasone and sodium hyaluronate groups, and there was a small amount of fibrosis in the control group. These findings suggest that the combination of dexamethasone and sodium hyaluronate can improve the cartilage repair and restore the joint function. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Copper, iron, zinc-fluorouracil complexes synthesized in vitro inhibit tumor cell proliferation Zhou Yi-ping, Chen Yuan-xiao, Zhou Yun, Shi Zhong-zheng, Luo Min, Zhong Wen-yuan, Chen Ying-jie 2014, 18 (39):  6309-6315.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.014 Abstract ( 300 )   PDF (321KB) ( 552 )   Save BACKGROUND: Anticancer drug and organic metal complexes will form a new structure or a change in ion concentration, thus changing both the activity and toxicity to produce a synergistic effect. OBJECTIVE: To synthesize new high-efficient and low-toxic metal-fluorouracil complexes as anticancer drugs. METHODS: Copper, zinc and iron salts and fluorouracil were used to synthesize four copper, zinc and iron-fluorouracil complexes that were [Cu(5-Fu)2Cl2], [Cu(5-Fu)2(NO3)2], [Fe(5-Fu)3]SO4 and [Zn(5-Fu)2Cl2]. Preliminary chemical structures of the four complexes were confirmed by elemental analysis and mass spectrometry. Their inhibitory activity on human cancer cells, human leukemia cell line K562 and human colon cancer cell line HCT-116, was measured by MTT colorimetric assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: [Cu(5-Fu)2Cl2], [Cu(5-Fu)2(NO3)2], [Zn(5-Fu)2Cl2] and [Fe(5-Fu)3SO4] were successfully synthesized. These four complexes at a mass concentration of 0.1-100 mg/L inhibited the proliferation of K562 and HCT-116 to different extents. The IC50 values of these four complexes on K562 and HCT-116 cells were lower than those of fluorouracil, and their cytotoxicity was 1.5-7.8 times higher than that of fluorouracil. To conclude, copper/iron/zinc-fluorouracil complexes exhibit synergic inhibitory effects on cancer cell proliferation. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of a new-type enriched material on enriching bone marrow stem cells by selective cell retention Xu Zhen-dong, Wang Guo-dong, Liu Xi-ming, Cai Xian-hua, Xu Jian-zhong 2014, 18 (39):  6316-6322.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.015 Abstract ( 418 )   PDF (602KB) ( 607 )   Save BACKGROUND: Enriching material for bone marrow stem cells is a current research hotspot. Preparation and screening of a new type of bone marrow stem cells-enriched material is crucial for the development of tissue engineering and clinical applications. OBJECTIVE: To observe the surface character and effect of a new type of bone marrow stem cells-enriched material on enriching bone marrow stem cells of decalcified bone matrix decorated with poly-L-lysine by selective cell retention technology. METHODS: Decalcified bone matrix was decorated with poly-L-lysine as the scaffold material. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were collected by using selective cell retention technology. Control group was decalcified bone matrix and experimental groups were Decalcified bone matrix decorated with poly-L-lysine at different concentrations (0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 1%) with freeze-drying method. Material components were analyzed by Raman spectrum and infrared spectrum. Pore size, porosity, surface and cross section were observed under three-dimension video microscope and scanning electron microscope. The number of bone marrow nucleated cells, fibroblast colony-forming units and platelets were counted pre- and post-enrichment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Decalcified bone matrices were covered with well-distributed and dense poly-L-lysine. The poly-L-lysine/decalcified bone matrix had a high porosity with much more internally connected pores. After enrichment with enriched material prepared by 0.1% poly-L-lysine, the number of bone marrow nucleated cells, fibroblast colony-forming units and platelets were increased (3.18±0.31), (5.25±1.40) and (3.88±0.68) times, respectively; the binding efficiency were (53±12)%, (73±13)% and (34±10)%, respectively; the selective rate of fibroblast colony-forming units was 1.41±0.34. The new constructed poly-L-lysine/decalcified bone matrix has good three-dimension space with high selective retention. It is an effective enriching material for bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Construction of tissue engineered adipose using human adipose stem cells with chitosan-modified silk fibroin Kang Ting, Wang Gang, Liu Yi, Liu Gang-qiang 2014, 18 (39):  6323-6328.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.016 Abstract ( 538 )   PDF (974KB) ( 578 )   Save BACKGROUND: Based on the original advantages of silk fibroin, positive charged water-soluble chitosan modified silk fibroin is modified on surface and could improve cell adhesion on the scaffolds. OBJECTIVE: To verify the biocompatibility of chitosan-modified silk fibroin with human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs), and feasibility of constructing tissue engineered adipose in vitro. METHODS: The hADSCs at passage 3 were seeded on chitosan-modified silk fibroin at the concentration of 1×10 7/L, as the experiment group; at the same cell concentration, hADSCs were seeded in 96-well plates as the control group. MTT tests were performed to evaluate the adhesion, growth and proliferation of hADSCs on chitosan-modified silk fibroin. Then hADSCs were implanted on the chitosan-modified silk fibroin scaffolds at the concentration of 1×10 9/L. The hADSCs seeded onto chitosan-modified silk fibroin complexes were respectively cultured with adipogenic differentiation medium and ordinary high-glucose DMEM. The complexes were stained with oil red O, and detected with RT-PCR after cultured 14 days. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The hADSCs adhered to and proliferated on the scaffolds. After cultured with adipogenic differentiation medium for 14 days, oil red O staining demonstrated that there were amount of mature  adipocytes on the scaffold. The peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ2 was positively expressed. The chitosan- modified silk fibroin possessed excellent biocompatibility in vitro. The co-cultured hADSCs could be induced to mature adipocytes successfully. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Allogeneic platelet-rich plasma promotes wound collagen synthesis in diabetic rats Liu Chen, Zhang Hong-wei, Xu Ning 2014, 18 (39):  6329-6334.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.017 Abstract ( 475 )   PDF (1381KB) ( 543 )   Save BACKGROUND: Platelet-rich plasma has benefit in diabetic wound healing; however, the effect of allogeneic platelet-rich plasma is still unclear. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of allogeneic platelet-rich plasma on collagen synthesis during diabetic wound healing. METHODS: Streptozocin-induced diabetic rats were randomly divided into allogeneic platelet-rich plasma group and saline control group. Each group had 15 rats. A 1 cm2 full-thickness skin defect on the rat dorsum was excised. Platelet-rich plasma or saline was applied. Platelet-rich plasma was prepared from the whole blood of allogeneic healthy rats. Animals of each group were sacrificed on 3, 7, 14 days post operation. The differences of the wound closure rate, morphological character, hydroxyproline content and the relative mRNA expression of the collagen were observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The wound closure rates were lower in control group on day 3, 7, 14 post operation (P < 0.05). Masson staining showed a decreased, disorder, loose collagen fibers distribution in diabetic control wound tissue. The results of the hydroxyproline test showed hydroxyproline content was significantly higher in platelet-rich plasma group at each time point (P < 0.01). The relative mRNA expression of type I and III  collagen presented a higher expression in platelet-rich plasma treated wound tissue at each time point (P < 0.05). And the ratio between type I and III collagen was higher in platelet-rich plasma group at each time point (P < 0.05). In summary, allogeneic platelet-rich plasma can promote diabetic wounds healing, which may attribute to an enhanced collagen synthesis. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Release properties of titanium-based nano-silver coating Xian Ai-ming, Zhang Xiao-gang, Cao Li, Wang Jia-ming, Peng Li-bin, Hu Yang 2014, 18 (39):  6335-6341.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.018 Abstract ( 481 )   PDF (867KB) ( 717 )   Save BACKGROUND: Surface modification of orthopedic implants can reduce or prevent bacterial adhersion. Bacteriostatic and bactericidal ingredients released from special coating of metal surfaces prevent orthopedic surgery infection. OBJECTIVE: To prepare hydroxyapatite/nano-silver composite coating on the surface of medical titanium based on different preparation parameters and to observe the release properties of silver ions on the composite material surface in the simulated body fluid. METHODS: Using pulse electrochemical methods, hydroxyapatite and nano-silver were deposited in the solution containing silver, calcium and phosphate ions. Scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive spectroscopy were used to characterize its morphology and composition. The composite titanium materials containing 0.5, 1 mmol/L silver were immersed in the simulated body fluid, and Ag+ concentration was detected by atomic absorption spectrometry at the different time points. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Nanoparticles were uniformly distributed in the coating which was interwoven with the nano needle-like hydroxypatite and dot-like silver particles. After high temperature processing, the coating became denser, and hydroxypatite became more crystal and silver particles exhibited no agglomeration. In the simulated body fluid, Ag+ release was maximal at 1-7 days and became stable at 7-30 days which maintained an effective antimicrobial concentration. The material containing 0.5 mmol/L Ag+ showed a lower amount of Ag+ released than cytotoxic concentration at 30 days, but the material containing 1 mmol/L Ag+ could release the total of Ag+ close to the critical value of cell toxicity at 30 days. Above all, the material containing 0.5 mmol/L Ag+ is more secure in the clinical application. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and sustained-release property of prednisolone implantable films Li Qiang, Lin Yan-yu, Qi Peng, Shen Jia-zuo, Li Lin, Lian Ke-jian 2014, 18 (39):  6342-6347.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.019 Abstract ( 434 )   PDF (1157KB) ( 530 )   Save BACKGROUND: In recent years, the use of prednisolone has good achievements in functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury, but its short half-life, instable plasma concentrations and greater adverse reactions limit its clinical application. OBJECTIVE: To prepare prednisolone implantable films and to explore the sustained-release property of prednisolone implantable films. METHODS: Novel reverse micellar emulsion-solvent evaporation method was used to prepare nanoparticles which contains prednisolone, and we investigated the properties of prednisolone-loaded nanoparticles, including morphological form, diameter, drug loading, encapsulation efficiency, in vitro release properties. Then, composite film was prepared with the nanoparticles above and collagen, chitosan, soybean phosphatidylcholine. The properties of composite films, such as morphological form, the interaction among film materials, in vitro releasing curve, were investigated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The prednisolone-loaded nanoparticles displayed favorable microstructure such as smooth surface, consistent diameters. The mean diameter of the nanoparticle was 500 nm and the max encapsulation efficiency of the nanoparticle was more than 90%. The nanoparticle displayed obvious sustained-release effect in vitro, but it exhibited a certain burst release phenomenon. We found that the nanoparticles were uniformly distributed inside and on the surface of the composite film; and the in vitro release rate of the film was slower and more stable than the nanoparticles. The composite film displayed favorable sustained-release effect with no burst release. From what we have illustrated above, we can safely come to a conclusion that the prednisolone-loaded film possesses good sustained-release effects. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Impact of different preparation methods for graft materials on biological properties of allogeneic tendon Zhang Hong-xing, Liu Geng, Qiu Wu-an 2014, 18 (39):  6348-6352.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.020 Abstract ( 359 )   PDF (994KB) ( 417 )   Save BACKGROUND: The transplanted tendon must have good biomechanical properties, in order to effectively avoid tendon tear at the anastomosis end during suturing and reduce adhesion of tendon during healing process. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of different methods for preparation of graft materials on the biological properties of tendon allograft. METHODS: Forty-eight healthy male Leghorns were randomly divided into three groups: vitrification group, chemical extraction group, and control group. Unilateral superficial and deep flexor tendon of the third toe was subjected to vitrification, chemical extraction and no treatment in the three groups, respectively. A part of tendon was taken for biomechanical testing, and the other part was for allogeneic transplantation. After 1, 2, 3, 6 weeks, peripheral blood CD4+, CD8+ T lymphocytes were counted. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Vitrification could partially retain the original tendon cells, but the chemical extraction method could not. Tensile strength for tendon rupture, tensile fracture power and tensile elongation at break were not statistically significant among three groups (P > 0.05). At the end of 1 and 2 weeks after transplantation, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+ difference was significant among the three groups (P < 0.05); at the end of 3 and 6 weeks after transplantation, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+ were significantly less in the vitrification and chemical extraction groups than the control group (P < 0.05), but no difference was found between the vitrification group and chemical extraction group (P > 0.05). These findings indicate that the vitrification and chemical extraction methods can significantly reduce immunogenicity of the tendon based on effective retention of biomechanical properties of the tendon. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Characteristics of amorphous calcium phosphate in biomedicine Qin Chao-shi, Feng Gao-ke, Jiang Xue-jun, Li Xiao-yan 2014, 18 (39):  6353-6358.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.021 Abstract ( 354 )   PDF (476KB) ( 557 )   Save null Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of collagen and silk fibroin scaffolds in spinal cord tissue engineering Zhu Xiang, Chen Xu-yi, Liu Ying-fu, Xing Ran, Tu Yue 2014, 18 (39):  6359-6363.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.022 Abstract ( 231 )   PDF (349KB) ( 425 )   Save BACKGROUND: Collagen and silk fibroin materials for construction of spinal cord scaffolds have been proven to repair or partially repair damaged spinal cord nerve function. OBJECTIVE: To introduce partial characteristics of the collagen and silk fibroin and to review the recent progress and application as scaffolds in spinal cord tissue engineering.   METHODS: A computer-based search of CNKI and PubMed databases (2003-01/2012-10) was performed for articles addressing the application of collagen and silk fibroin scaffolds in spinal cord injury with the keywords of “collagen, silk fibroin, scaffold, spinal cord injury” in Chinese and English, respectively.   RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Collagen has low antigenicity, good biocompatibility and biodegradability. Collagen and its degradation products can cause no inflammatory reactions in the body, but have the disadvantages of rapid degradation and poor mechanical properties. Silk fibroin has good biocompatibility and excellent mechanical properties, but its degradation is slow. The collagen and silk fibroin are compounded using an electrostatic spinning technology to improve the physical properties of the material on the basis of maintaining good biocompatibility. At present, fibroin or collagen materials in terms of nervous system repair have been studied, laying some foundation for spinal cord tissue engineering. Considering the similar characteristics and mechanics performance to the spinal cord tissue, collagen/silk fibroin composite materials are expected to become the ideal scaffold materials for spinal cord tissue engineering.   中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Materials for skull defect repair: application progress in different kinds of materials and repair technologies Zhang Xiao-jian 2014, 18 (39):  6364-6368.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.023 Abstract ( 308 )   PDF (385KB) ( 506 )   Save BACKGROUND: Different kinds of skull repair materials have different physicochemical properties and biocompatibilities. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the research and application progress in skull defect repair materials.   METHODS: A computer-based search of China Academic Journal Network Publishing Database, Wanfang and PubMed databases was performed for articles published from 1988 to 2014 with the keywords of “bone repair materials, physical and chemical properties, biocompatibility, titanium alloy, autologous skull” in Chinese and English, respectively.   RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: By the literature retrieval, the clinical application and research progress of bone repair materials are analyzed, properties and clinical application of different types of skull repair materials at different periods are compared, to master the physical and chemical properties and biocompatibility of different skull repair materials as well as to summarize the timing and methods of skull repair in individual patients. Titanium and titanium alloys have been used widely as skull repair materials because of their good biocompatibility, physicochemical properties, and fewer complications. Autologous skull bone flaps have been the ideal materials for skull repair because its origin is consistent, without any rejection. Bone tissue engineering technology developed in recent years provides a new research direction for skull repair, because it can be used to copy autologous skull.   中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Gold nanoparticles in tumor sensitize radiotherapy: how to maximize the effect of gold nanorods? Shen Lei, Gao Bin, He Ke-wu 2014, 18 (39):  6369-6374.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.024 Abstract ( 411 )   PDF (372KB) ( 733 )   Save BACKGROUND: Gold nanorods have unique optical properties, good histocompatibility, easily controlled surface modification, which have a broad application prospect in the field of biology and medicine. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the optical and thermal properties of gold nanoparticles, and to review the mechanism and research advances of gold nanoparticles, especially gold nanorods in tumor sensitize radiotherapy.   METHODS: A computer-based search of PubMed and CNKI databases was undertaken with the keywords of “gold nanoparticles, radiotherapy sensitivity” in English and Chinese, respectively. The included articles were related to nanoparticles used in vitro and in vivo for clinic study as well as gold nanoparticles-related tumor sensitize radiotherapy.   RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Gold nanoparticles exhibit unique properties of surface plasmon resonance properties. Compared with the traditional spherical gold nanoparticles, gold nanorods are capsule-like gold nanoparticles containing two absorption peaks that are a transverse surface plasmon resonance absorption peak and a longitudinal surface plasmon resonance absorption peak corresponding to the dimensional characteristics of their horizontal axis and vertical axis, respectively. By regulation of the ratio of horizontal axis and vertical axis, we can realize the manipulation of the longitudinal surface plasmon resonance absorption peak location. Thus, the longitudinal surface plasmon resonance absorption peak can be changed from visible region to the near-infrared region which is the most ideal optical transmission through for all of biological tissues. As a kind of novel radiotherapy sensitization agent, gold nanorods have the properties of low toxicity, high efficiency, high yield. Its sensitization effect is not only related to the exposure dose, own concentration and size, surface modified compounds, but also related to the types of radiation and cell lines. However, for radiotherapy sensitization of gold nanorods how to avoid the limits of radioactive ray species, choose appropriate trim and maximize the use of gold nanorods still need a further research.   中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Absorbable artificial bone for repair of comminuted calcaneal fractures Sun Hui, Zang Xue-hui, Gao Li-hua, Tan Yong-tao 2014, 18 (39):  6375-6380.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.025 Abstract ( 978 )   PDF (467KB) ( 945 )   Save BACKGROUND: Currently, surgical treatment for Sanders III type, IV type fractures to restore damaged subtalar surface of the calcaneus and calcaneal shape, in order to reduce the incidence of traumatic arthritis has reached a consensus, and whether bone grafting is selected during surgery for calcaneal fractures has been a controversial issue.   OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical effect of Genex synthetic bone transplants and locking plate on comminuted calcaneal fractures.   METHODS: Twenty-one cases of Sanders III type, IV type calcaneal fractures were retrospectively analyzed, including 16 males and 5 females, aged 22 to 55 years. After fracture reduction, a dough-like Genex bone graft was implanted into the defect region via lateral “L” shaped approach, and then the lateral wall of the bone was reset followed by internal fixation with the pre-curved locking plate. Follow-up observation was performed for fracture healing, Bolher angle and the Maryland Foot Score.   RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Totally 21 patients were followed up for 8-16 months. The fractures were healed without displacement, collapse and rejection. The bone graft was degraded within 6 months and completed absorbed after 1 year. According to Maryland Foot Score, the excellent rate was up to 86%, and the Bolher angle was increased from an average preoperative (5.3±3.35)° to postoperative (24.3±1.06)°. Genex artificial bone meal is a biomaterial that can be completely absorbed, has good plasticity and strong supporting force, and it is able to fully fill bone defects, be easy to fracture reduction, induce bone formation, and promote fracture healing.   中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Reconstruction with massive allograft bone for osteosarcoma of the middle tibia with limb salvage Tian Zhi-chao, Cai Qi-qing, Gao Song-tao, Zhao Yao, Wang Jia-qiang, Yao Wei-tao 2014, 18 (39):  6381-6385.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.026 Abstract ( 379 )   PDF (564KB) ( 372 )   Save BACKGROUND: There are many complications of limb salvage surgery in patients with osteosarcoma of the middle tibia, and the limb salvage surgery is one of the current difficulties in clinical treatment. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of reconstruction with massive allograft bone for osteosarcoma of the middle tibia by retrospectively reviewing relevant cases.   METHODS: Seven patients with osteosarcoma of the middle tibia were treated. And we analyzed their clinical data retrospectively. All patients completed the formal preoperative adjuvant chemotherapy and we confirmed that there was no distant metastasis before surgery. All patients received large allogeneic bone transplantation and internal fixation, and the gastrocnemius muscle flap coveraged graft bone in surgery. The average length of allogeneic bone was 12.5 cm. Five patients received postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy completely, and two patients received partly.   RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The follow-up period was 18-36 months. One patient had local tumor recurrence at 1 year after transplantation, and died of lung metastases after amputation. One patient survived after resection of lung metastases that occurred at 1.5 years after transplantation. One patient died of lung metastases at 2 years after transplantation. The rest four patients were tumor-free. The mean Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) score was 26.5, the mean International Society of Limb Salvage (ISOLS) graft score was 31. Among four underage patients, one had leg length deformities, with limb shortening 2 cm. There were no postoperative infections and pathological fractures. Using large allogeneic bone for the repair of bone defects after tumor surgery of the middle tibia can have a good clinical efficacy under the premise of strict indications. Using gastrocnemius muscle flap to cover the bone graft during surgery is an effective measure to reduce postoperative complications.   中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Safety and stability of posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation Lv Quan, Yuan Jun, Cai Yi-qi, Liu Yi 2014, 18 (39):  6386-6391.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.027 Abstract ( 999 )   PDF (312KB) ( 519 )   Save BACKGROUND: Intraocular refractive operation with phakic intraocular lens implantation has been used in highly refractive errors patients with over-high diopter and thinner corneal thickness, which has the advantages of reversibility and retain the eye's accommodation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and stability of posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation in comparison with Lasik correction for high myopia.   METHODS: Totally 126 college students with high myopia, 63 males and 63 females, aged (21.87±1.18) years, were randomly divided into test and control groups. In the test group, college students received posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation, while those in the control group were subject to Lasik correction. During 1-year follow-up, naked vision, corrected visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and postoperative untoward reaction were observed, and the effectiveness and safety indexes were calculated in the two groups.   RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The effectiveness and safety indexes in the test group were both superior to those in the control group (P < 0.05). After 1 year of follow-up, the contrast sensitivity light and dark environment in the test group was significantly improved, which was also higher than that in the control group. Decreased night vision and glare was found in five cases of the control group and one case of the test group. These findings indicate that posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation is safe and effective that can improve the visual quality in clinic.   中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of vacuum sealing drainage and shoelace technique for leg fasciotomy wounds Mahmud Yakufu, Alimujiang Abulaiti, Ahmatjiang Yusufu,Yang Guang-zhong, Xu Zheng-Li, Li Ping 2014, 18 (39):  6392-6396.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.39.028 Abstract ( 542 )   PDF (445KB) ( 507 )   Save BACKGROUND: Vacuum sealing drainage is currently considered as a safe and effective for fasciotomy wounds in the treatment of compartment syndrome. But the wounds after treatment are often not self-closed, which needs skin grafts that can cause secondary injury. Studies have shown that shoelaces technology is useful for leg fasciotomy wounds in the surgical treatment of lower leg compartment syndrome, but so far there are few domestic reports.   OBJECTIVE: To compare the vacuum sealing drainage and shoelace technique for treatment of leg fasciotomy wounds. METHODS: A total of 36 patients, with 46 leg fasciotomy wounds, were randomized into vacuum sealing drainage and shoelace technique groups, 23 wounds in each group. In the vacuum sealing drainage group, patients were subjected to vacuum sealing drainage after fasciotomy based on fracture reduction and external fixation; in the shoelace technique group, the fasciotomy wounds were covered with polyethylene/ethanol hydrated seaweed salt foam followed by shoelace technique. After 1 month, wound size, wound closure time, infection, further intervention and daily treatment cost were compared between the two groups.   RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Wound closure time was significantly higher in the vacuum sealing drainage group compared to the shoelace technique group (P < 0.05). Eight wounds in the vacuum sealing drainage group required skin grafts; while, no skin graft was necessary in the shoelace technique group. In the shoelace technique group, the vessel loops had to be replaced in five wounds. There was no wound infection, increased compartment pressure and skin flap necrosis postoperatively in both two groups. Both vacuum sealing drainage and the shoelace technique are safe, reliable and effective methods for closure of leg fasciotomy wounds. Vacuum sealing drainage requires longer time to definite wound closure and is far more expensive than the shoelace technique, especially when additional skin grafting is required.   中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics