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16 April 2014, Volume 18 Issue 16 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Percutaneous vertebroplasty for treatment of osteoporotic vertebral fractures: high-viscosity versus low-viscosity bone cement Huang Xiao-nan 2014, 18 (16):  2461-2467.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.16.001 Abstract ( 323 )   PDF (856KB) ( 459 )   Save BACKGROUND: Studies have suggested that high-viscosity bone cement can reduce bone cement leakage in the percutaneous vertebroplasty, but compared to the low-viscosity bone cement, there are still some controversies on clinical advantages of high-viscosity bone cement. OBJECTIVE: To compare the bone cement leakage and clinical outcomes of high-viscosity and low-viscosity bone cement in percutaneous vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral fractures. METHODS: Sixty patients with osteoporotic vertebral fractures were enrolled in this study. All patients were randomly divided into two groups: high-viscosity bone cement group and low-viscosity bone cement group. We compared the venous leakage rate, disc leak rate, visual analogue scale scores for low back pain, and Oswestry disability index between two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All patients were successfully operated and low back pain and Oswestry disability index had significant improvement as compared with the preoperative status (P=0). By the final follow-up visit, there was no significant difference in disc leak rate, visual analogue scale scores, and Oswestry disability index between two groups. The venous leakage rate in the high-viscosity bone cement group was lower than that in the low-viscosity bone cement group (P=0). This study shows that high-viscosity bone cement can reduce bone cement leakage in the percutaneous vertebroplasty. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Xenograft and calcium sulphate in treating benign bone tumor Fang Zhi-wei, Li Shu, Fan Zheng-fu, Bai Chu-jie, Liu Jia-yong, Xue Rui-feng, Zhang Lu 2014, 18 (16):  2468-2473.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.16.002 Abstract ( 521 )   PDF (682KB) ( 573 )   Save BACKGROUND: Autologous bone graft is the best method to repair bone defects after tumor curettage, but its shortcomings are as follows: increased surgical trauma, sequelae at bone graft site such as infection and pain, and a limited amount of autologous bone. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effectiveness of xenograft and calcium sulphate artificial bone in treating bone defects after benign bone tumor removed. METHODS: Totally 26 cases of benign bone tumor were selected, including 8 cases of giant cell tumor, 5 of enchondroma, 4 of fibrous histiocytoma, 3 of bone fibrous dysplasia, 2 of non-ossifying fibroma, 2 cases of bone cysts, 1 of aneurysmal bone cyst and 1 of aneurysmal bone cyst and 1 case of chondroblastoma. Of the 26 cases, 12 cases underwent calcium sulphate pellets alone to fill bone defects after benign bone tumor removed, 6 cases were subjected to xenograft alone, and 8 cases were treated with calcium sulphate pellets combined with xenograft. The X-rays were taken at 1 week, 3 months, and 1 year after the operation in all patients to assess the bone healing process. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All the patients were followed up for 36-72 months. The absorption of calcium sulphate appeared to be absorbed earlier, the earlier absorption appearance could be observed as earlier as 1 month after the implantation, and most calcium sulphate was absolved and replaced by new bone at 3 months after the operation. The xenograft bone was degraded at 3 months post implantation and new bone formed. Osseo integration of the graft was observed at the periphery of the implant at 6 months post implantation. One year post implantation, trabecular bone was observed at the site with uniform bone density. In the combined group, thecalcium sulphate pellets were absorbed earlier and new bone formed earlier than the calcium sulphate alone group, and the xenograft absorbed later than the calcium sulphate pellets. Generally, bony union was detectable 1 year after operation. These findings indicate that xenograft and calcium sulphate in treating benign bone tumor have acquired good results, which can be used as a substitute of autologous bone. Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Porous bioceramic beta-tricalcium phosphate for treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head Sun Wei, Li Zi-rong, Gao Fu-qiang, Shi Zhen-cai, Wang Bai-liang, Guo Wan-shou 2014, 18 (16):  2474-2479.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.16.003 Abstract ( 545 )   PDF (704KB) ( 669 )   Save BACKGROUND: It is a clinical difficult in the treatment of osteonecrosis with joint preservation, and to solve this problem, a variety of bone graft substitutes are at the exploration stage. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical outcome of lightbulb operation with porous bioceramic β-tricalcium phosphate in a consecutive series of patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head.  METHODS: From January to December 2008, 58 patients (88 hips) who had undergone lightbulb operation with porous bioceramic β-tricalcium phosphate were involved in this study. All patients were evaluated both clinically and radiographically at postoperative 3, 6, 12 months and annually. Functional improvement was assessed with the Harris hip score.  RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Among these patients, 56 patients (85 hips) were followed up for 2-5 years. According to the ARCO staging system, there were 27 hips of stage II, 40 hips of stage IIIa, 18 hips of IIIb. According to the hospital’s classification, type C was in 4 hips, L1 in 15 hips, L2 in 28 hips, and L3 in 38 hips. According to the Harris hip score system, excellent outcome was in 55 hips, good in 12 hips, fair in 5 hips and poor in 13 hips. Nine of 11 patients who failed to preserve their own joints were subjected to hip replacement. The mean preoperative and postoperative Harris scores were 61.2 and 85.3, respectively, with a mean improvement of 24.1 points (P < 0.001). All hips were radiologically stable, with no progress of osteonecrosis, and bone density in the bone graft area increased obviously. The replacement time of porous bioceramic β-tricalcium phosphate was 1-1.5 years. These findings suggest that the porous bioceramic β-tricalcium phosphate provides an option to treat osteonecrosis of the femoral head with satisfactory clinical outcomes, and profits the repair and reconstruction of femoral head osteonecrosis. When in the lateral column of femoral head, the porous bioceramic β-tricalcium phosphate can play a supporting role in the lateral column of the necrotic area, and further prevent collapse, which is suitable for patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head, especially for those with joint preservation. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of fluoride release and solubility for different glass ionomer cements Liu Li-xia, Chen Lin 2014, 18 (16):  2480-2486.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.16.004 Abstract ( 404 )   PDF (1008KB) ( 423 )   Save  BACKGROUND: Modified glass ionomer cements improve the mechanical properties, abrasion resistance and beauty of traditional glass ionomer cements, and therefore they have been gradually adopted in many fields of oral clinical application. However, it is not clear that the fluoride release behavior and soluble characteristics. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the fluoride release behavior and soluble characteristics of four glass ionomer cements in artificial saliva: Fuji II tranditional type, Fuji Plus hydroxyapatite modified type, Fuji IX metal modified type, and Fuji II LC light-curing resin modified type. METHODS: For each glass ionomer cement, cylindrical specimens were made and immerged into the artificial saliva. Fluoride release within 0-28 days was measured by using fluoride ion selective electrode. The weight of specimens was measured by using an analytical balance to further calculate the solubility. SPSS and Origin software were used for statistical analysis and nonlinear regression analysis, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: For each glass ionomer cement, the fluoride release was peaked at the first day, decreased rapidly for the following several days, and then kept relatively stable at the end. The daily amount and accumulation of fluoride of Fuji II LC were significantly higher than those of other three glass ionomer cements (P < 0.01). The formula (Y=a + b * t0.5 + c * t) could better simulate the variation of fluoride release accumulations, and the fluoride release accumulations were in approximate proportional relationship with solubility. Fuji II LC reached the maximum fluoride release accumulations and the maximum ratio of fluoride release accumulations to solubility. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Bone filling mesh container repairs vertebral compression fractures: biomechanical changes Liu Xun-wei, Kong Xiao-yan, Zhong Jian, Yang Wen-zhou, Wei Dai-xu, Peng Xiang-tao, Ye Yong, Du Yan-xia, Sun Gang 2014, 18 (16):  2487-2492.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.16.005 Abstract ( 480 )   PDF (2390KB) ( 592 )   Save BACKGROUND: Percutaneous vertebroplasty and percutaneous kyphoplasty have become the mainstream clinical methods for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures. However, both of them have several shortcomings such as bone cement leakage, spinal stenosis, nerve compression, pulmonary embolism and other issues. OBJECTIVE: To verify the possibility of bone filling mesh container prepared by polyethylene terephthalate for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures. METHODS: The biological properties of bone filling mesh container were examined according to GB/T16886. After sample aging test, the tensile properties of the aged samples and the fresh prepared samples were compared. The expansion and bone cement leakage were evaluated by injecting bone cement into the bone filling mesh container and measuring the pressure. The initial strength and stiffness of the fresh pig vertebrae with calcium phosphate cement injection or with bone filling mesh container filled with calcium phosphate cement were compared. The in vivo bone tissue growth was periodically observed after the lumbar vertebra of 4-month-old pigs was implanted with the bone filling mesh container that was then full of bone cement. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The bone filling mesh container had good biocompatibility. Bone filling mesh containers after 2-year storage had the same tensile strength to the fresh bone filling mesh containers. At ambient conditions, after bone cement injection, bone filling mesh containers could be expanded at 5-10 atm and therefore could play the role of uplift; at 7-10 atm, bone cement could leak out from the bone filling mesh container and enter into the interspace between surrounding bone tissues, thus playing the role of adhesion and fixation. The vertebrae after bone cement injection with or without bone filling mesh containers had the same initial strength and stiffness and exhibited bigger initial strength and stiffness than untreated vertebrae. The in vivo animal experiments proved that bone filling mesh container had no obvious effect on the vertebrae. These findings indicate that the bone filling mesh container can be used to restore the height and strength of the fractured vertebrae. Moreover, it may eliminate bone cement leakage and therefore increase the surgery safety. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Multiwalled carbon nanotubes improve the morphology of the femoral head of a rabbit model of steroid-induced necrosis of femoral head Qi Chao, Wang Xiao-jun, Wang Xiao-qiang, Feng Xin, Zhang Xiao-sheng, Zhao Xia, Yu Teng-bo 2014, 18 (16):  2493-2498.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.16.006 Abstract ( 255 )   PDF (477KB) ( 359 )   Save BACKGROUND: Multiwalled carbon nanotubes can accelerate the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts, and exert a therapeutic effect on steroid-induced necrosis of femoral head (SNFH).     OBJECTIVE: To investigate the function of multiwalled carbon nanotubes in the establishment of a rabbit model of SNFH. METHODS: Thirty-six New Zealand white rabbits were divided randomly into three groups. In treatment group, 16 rabbits were given intragluteally injection of dexamethasone (2.5 mg/kg) every day and injection of 1 mL liquor of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (0.1 g/L) into the bilateral femur medullary space every week. In model group, 16 rabbits were given intragluteally injection of dexamethasone (2.5 mg/kg) every day and injection of 1 mL normal saline into the bilateral femur medullary space every week. In control group, four rabbits were given intragluteally injection of 2 mL normal saline every day and injection of 1 mL normal saline into the bilateral femur medullary space every week. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Four weeks after hormone injection, the trabeculae began to exhibit a small amount of thinner fractures, an accumulation of fatty tissue in the bone marrow were obvious, bone marrow fat cells became bigger and microvascular thrombosis appeared in the model group, while there was no positive histopathological manifestation in the treatment group. This indicates that the multiwalled carbon nanotubes can extenuate pathological damage to the femoral head to a certain extent. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Biocompatibility of freeze-dried antigen-extracted sheep cancellous bone scaffolds Zhou Zheng, Yang Ze-hui, He Hui-yu, Cui Jie 2014, 18 (16):  2499-2505.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.16.007 Abstract ( 313 )   PDF (2877KB) ( 422 )   Save BACKGROUND: Xenogeneic bone has a natural porous structure that is similar to human bone. In the treatment of bone defects, the porous structure is helpful to guide bone regeneration, but different degrees of immune responses will be caused during the implantation process. OBJECTIVE: To prepare a freeze-dried antigen-extracted sheep cancellous bone scaffold and to evaluate its biocompatibility. METHODS: The sheep vertebral cancellous bone was collected to prepare two kinds of antigen-extracted heterologous bone scaffolds that were treated with chemical methods as chemical group and treated with chemical methods+cryopreservation at a -80 ℃ refrigerator for 4 weeks+drying in vacuum apparatus+60Co irradiation as freeze-dried bone group. (1)Cytotoxicity test: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells isolated from sheep were cultured in extracts of the chemical group, free-dried bone group and Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium/Ham’s nutrient mixture F-12. (2) Heat reaction and acute toxicity tests: Extracts from the chemical group, freeze-dried bone group and normal saline were respectively injected into the ear vein of rabbits.   (3) Intracutaneous stimulation test: Extracts from the chemical group, freeze-dried bone group and normal saline were respectively injected subcutaneously into the back of rabbits. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Freeze-dried bone had no cytotoxicity, no acute toxicity and heat reaction, and was negative for the intracutaneous stimulation test. The scaffold in the chemical group had cytotoxicity and mild acute toxicity reaction, sent heat source and had mild irritation. Results show that after freeze drying processing, the sheep vertebral cancellous bone has good biocompatibility, can meet the requirements of bone tissue engineering, but the bone that through chemical processing exhibits a relatively poor biocompatibility that cannot achieve the safety standard of biological scaffold materials. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Corrosion resistance of 3M nickel-titanium arch wires and Damon copper-nickel-titanium arch wires in different artificial saliva with different fluoride and pH   Xiong Yi-hui, Li Yun-an, Zhang Xiao-shuang 2014, 18 (16):  2506-2511.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.16.008 Abstract ( 554 )   PDF (779KB) ( 508 )   Save BACKGROUND: In the fluorine-containing acidic environment, it is unclear whether Damon copper-nickel-titanium arch wire can have a corrosion resistance similar to conventional nickel-titanium arch wire and whether copper ion will affect its corrosion resistance. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the corrosion resistance of 3M nickel-titanium arch wires and Damon copper-nickel-titanium arch wires in artificial saliva with different fluoride and pH. METHODS: Potentiodynamic polarization curves of 3M nickel-titanium arch wires and Damon copper-nickel-titanium arch wires were measured in four kinds of artificial saliva (pH=7; pH=7, 0.2% fluoride; pH=7, 0.5% fluoride; pH=5, 0.5% fluoride). Then, the corrosion potential, corrosion current density and polarization resistance were acquired, and scanning electron microscope was used for morphological observation after corrosion. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In neutral (pH=7) artificial saliva, 0.2% fluoride ions added could shift up the Damon specimen polarization curve, increase the corrosion cerrent density and reduce the polarization resistance (P < 0.05); under the scanning electron microscope, corrosion was observable on the specimen surface. But 3M specimen polarization curve did not move, corrosion current density and polarization resistance substantially unchanged (P > 0.05), and no significant corrosion was produced. When fluoride concentration was increased to 0.5%, the polarization curves of two kinds of the specimens moved, the corrosion cerrent density increased, the polarization resistance decreased (P < 0.05), and there was significant presence of corrosion on the specimen surface. When pH=5, corrosion phenomenon was more pronounced. These findings suggest that low concentrations fluoride cannot affect corrosion resistance of 3M arch wire, but can reduce the corrosion resistance of Damon arch wire; high concentrations of fluoride and acid can both reduce their corrosion resistance. In addition, the corrosion resistance of 3M arch is stronger than that of Damon arch wire. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Occluder effects on platelet function of patients with congenital heart disease undergoing transcatheter closure Chen Lin, Yan Hua, Chen Li-yuan, Lu Yong-guang, Fu Chun-hui, Zheng Zhan-chuan 2014, 18 (16):  2512-2518.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.16.009 Abstract ( 776 )   PDF (862KB) ( 428 )   Save BACKGROUND: Occluder implantation in patients with congenital heart disease can increase in vivo platelet adhesion and aggregation, resulting in thrombosis on the occluder surface. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of the occluder on platelet function in patients with congenital heart disease undergoing transcatheter closure. METHODS: Clinical data from 124 patients with congenital heart disease undergoing transcatheter closure were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were divided into groups of atrial septal defect in 46 cases, patent ductus arteriosus in 43 cases and ventricular septal defect in 35 cases according to the types of congenital heart disease. The positive rates for peripheral blood CD62p, CD63 and thrombin sensitive protein were compared before and 6 hours, 24 hours, 12 months after occluder implantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was no difference in the positive rates of peripheral blood CD62p, CD63 and thrombin sensitive protein among three groups prior to occluder implantation. Up to 6 hours after occluder implantation, the expression levels of peripheral blood CD62p, CD63 and thrombin sensitive protein reached peak in the three groups, especially in the patients with atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defect, then gradually decreased. After 12 months, the expression levels of CD62p and CD63 recovered in the patients with patent ductus arteriosus and ventricular septal defect, but still maintained a higher level in those with atrial septal defect (P < 0.05). The expression of thrombin sensitive protein showed no difference among the three groups at different time. These findings indicate that after occluder implantation, the platelet activation is more remarkable and lasts longer in the patients with atrial septal defect and ventricular septal defect, especially in those with ventricular septal defect. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Cytocompatibility and cytotoxicity of a novel composite bone cement material composed of chitosan microsphere, alpha-tricalcium phosphate and silk fibroin Wang Jin-ning, Pi Bin, Wang Peng, Zhu Xue-song, Yang Hui-lin 2014, 18 (16):  2519-2525.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.16.010 Abstract ( 504 )   PDF (2506KB) ( 426 )   Save BACKGROUND: With excellent biocompatibility and osteoconduction, calcium phosphate bone cement has been used in clinic, but the poor mechanical properties and lack of osteoinduction restrict its further use. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the cytocompatibility and cytotoxicity of a novel drug-carrying composite of bone cement composed of chitosan microsphere, α-tricalcium phosphate and silk fibroin. METHODS: MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured in vitro in minimum essential medium alpha medium (α-MEM), which was supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, and 1% streptomycin sulfate, extract of the cement material at concentrations of 100% and 50%, and 6.4 mL/L phenol. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was used to measure cell proliferation and the cytotoxicity was assessed by the activity of lactate dehydrogenase. The MC3T3-E1 cells cultured in vitro were collected and seeded on the composite cement material, and cell morphology was observed by scanning electron microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The extract of composite cement material had no influences on the MC3T3-E1 cell proliferation, showing no obvious cytotoxicity. The scanning electron microscope image showed MC3T3-E1 cells adhered and proliferated well on the composite cement material composed of chitosan microsphere, α-tricalcium phosphate and silk fibroin, and pseudopodia out of the cells were closely attached to the material surface. In conclusion, the cement composite was proved to have satisfactory cytocompatibility and no obvious cytotoxicity. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of non-dextran coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles on proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells Chen Peng, Zhang Jie, Rong Dong-ming, Han Zhong-yu, Yuan Si-jie, Tian Jing 2014, 18 (16):  2526-2531.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.16.011 Abstract ( 451 )   PDF (2607KB) ( 483 )   Save BACKGROUND: Currently, the research about effect of non-dextran coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles on cell proliferation and cytotoxicity is relatively much less. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of 0, 25, 50, 75, 100 mg/L non-dextran coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles on the proliferation and cytotoxicity of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS: Culture media containing 0, 25, 50, 75, 100 mg/L non-dextran coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles were prepared for culture of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. After 24 hours of culture, the cells were confirmed using Prussian blue staining, and cell counting was detected using cell counting kit-8. Meanwhile, lactate dehydrogenase activity in the supernatant and intracellular superoxide dismutase activity were detected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Loading of non-dextran coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in BMSCs was confirmed by Prussian blue staining. The percentage of cells labeled with non-dextran coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles was up to 100% when the cells were incubated with a non-dextran coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle solution of 50 mg/L and above, but 25 mg/L was insufficient to label all of the cells. Furthermore, as the concentration of non-dextran coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles decreased, the cell proliferation rate decreased gradually. The 25 mg/L group had a minimum cell proliferation rate, but the 25 and 50 mg/L groups showed no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). Therefore, 50 mg/L is considered as the appropriate concentration of non-dextran coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles, under which, the labeling efficiency is higher and the cytotoxicity is lower. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and cytocompatibility of cuttlebone-transformed hydroxyapatite Huang Xie-shan, Liu Ming, Wang Jiang 2014, 18 (16):  2532-2537.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.16.012 Abstract ( 354 )   PDF (2308KB) ( 589 )   Save BACKGROUND: Recently, bone tissue engineering is highlighted from the nature source. OBJECTIVE: To explore the preparation of a cuttlebone-transformed hydroxyapatite scaffold as the novel bone substitution. METHODS: As raw materials, the cuttlebone appeared to have a hydrothermal reaction with diammonium phosphate under specific conditions, and the hydrothermal products were characterized respectively by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The results showed that the hydrothermal products were hydroxyapatite. The cuttlebone-transformed hydroxyapatite possessed good three-dimensional structure. Cytocompatibility of the cuttlebone-transformed hydroxyapatite with MG63 cells cultured in vitro were observed and we found the cuttlebone-transformed hydroxyapatite had no obvious effects on cell growth and no toxicity, which can be used as new bone tissue engineering scaffolds. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical comparison of two kinds of orthodontic adhesives bonding buccal tubes of posterior teeth Wang Fa-sheng, Li Dong 2014, 18 (16):  2538-2543.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.16.013 Abstract ( 592 )   PDF (577KB) ( 526 )   Save BACKGROUND: Currently, buccal tubes are mostly preferred rather than molar bands to control posterior tooth movement. However, the buccal tube is difficult to bind the molar because of its position. Meanwhile, due to the relatively large masticatory forces on the posterior tooth, the buccal tube is easier to drop off. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical effects of two kinds of adhesives bonding the buccal tube.  METHODS: Sixty orthodontic patients were selected randomly. The right side of the upper and lower first molars of each patient was bonded by 3M TransbondTM light-cured resin binder, and the left side of the upper and lower first molar of each patient was bonded by 3M chemical curing adhesive. Cases of buccal tube shedding were recorded within 4 months. Meanwhile, 3M TransbondTM light-cured resin binder and 3M chemical curing adhesive were used to bond the isolated human first molar, respectively. The normal oral environment and temperature were stimulated, and the shear bonding strength was measured after measured after 10 000 thermal cycles. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The dropout rate of 3M TransbondTM light-cured resin binder and 3M chemical curing adhesive groups was 10.80% and 24.10% respectively, and there was a significant difference (P < 0.05). In vitro experiments confirmed that two kinds of adhesives could meet the clinical requirements, but 3M TransbondTM light-cured resin binder was better than 3M chemical curing adhesive. These findings indicate that compared with 3M chemical curing adhesive, 3M TransbondTM light-cured resin binder is more suitable for the binding between the molar and buccal tubes. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Constructing a controlled-release dexamethasone-loaded titania nanotube system Wang Ming, Zhang He, Wang Lu, Deng Feng, Yang Sheng 2014, 18 (16):  2544-2549.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.16.014 Abstract ( 463 )   PDF (820KB) ( 797 )   Save BACKGROUND: Compared with smooth titanium, titania nanotubes cannot only induce mesenchymal stem cells osteogenic differentiation and promote bone integration, but also be used as drug nanocarriers. OBJECTIVE: To prepare dexamethasone-loaded titania nanotube system and to test its drug release characteristics. METHODS: Titania nanotubes were prepared by electrochemical anodic oxidation, and dexamethasone was dripped onto the prepared titania nanotubes. Subsequently layer by layer self-assembly technology was employed to fabricate gelatin/chitosan multilayered structure on the prepared samples. Scanning electron microscope and contact angle test were carried out during the process of building the gelatin/chitosan multilayered structure. The drug release was measured by a ultraviolet spectrophotometer. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Under the scanning electron microscopy, the fabricated titania nanotubes had integral structure with even tube size of about 70 nm and arranged regularly, and the nanotubes were completely covered and sealed by the gelatin/chitosan multilayered membrane. Contact angle test results showed that ever since the fifth layer, contact angles changed alternately and displayed a zigzag profile. Ultraviolet spectrophotometer test results showed that when cultured for 3 hours, the cumulative drug release was about 32.7% and demonstrated an initial burst followed by sustained release. When cultured for 24 hours, the cumulative drug release about 52.3%. However, after cultured for 7 days, little drug release was detected. And there was about 8.0%-10.0% dexamethasone of initial loading preserved in nanotubes. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Cytotoxicity evaluation of nano-Ag-SiO2 urethral catheter for external urethral mucosa cells Zhang Zhan, Liu Chun 2014, 18 (16):  2550-2556.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.16.015 Abstract ( 362 )   PDF (2406KB) ( 376 )   Save BACKGROUND: Nano-Ag is increasingly used as antibacterial materials in medical products due to its excellent antibacterial activity. Antibacterial activated nano-Ag-SiO2 urethral catheter can reduce the incidence of catheter-associated urinarytract infections obviously. As more and more nano-Ag medical products have been developed, their biological security is becoming a focused issue. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the biosecurity of nano-Ag-SiO2 urethral catheter through comparing the active influence of nano-Ag-SiO2 urethral catheter and ordinary urethral catheter extracts on in vitro cells of human prostatic urethra epithelial cells in different periods. METHODS: Mechanical separation and enzymatic digestion were used to isolate and culture urothelial mucosa of benign prostatic hyperplasia patients to make cell suspension after proliferation in vitro. The medium was replaced by nano-Ag-SiO2 and general catheter tube extracts, respectively. MTT assay was performed to quantify the in vitro cytotoxicity of two extracts on human urethra epithelial cells which were cultured for 2, 5 and 7 days. Absorbance values of nano-Ag-SiO2 and general urinary catheter groups were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to calculate the relative growth rate, and toxicity evaluation was compared and evaluated. Under an inverted microscope, cell morphology, growth and proliferation were observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The cytotoxicity of extract of nano-Ag-SiO2 catheter was 1 grade, and that of general medical catheter extract was 0 to 1 grade. There was no statistical difference in group effect of relative proliferation rate (F=0.544, P=0.475); there was statistical difference in time effect of relative proliferation rate (F=3.031, P=0.086); no statistical difference was found in the interaction between group and time (F=0.130, P=0.879). These findings indicate that nano-Ag-SiO2 catheter has no or low cytotoxicity effect on cell growth and proliferation, which is consistent with the biological evaluation standards of medical devices. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Nano-hydroxyapatite/polycaprolactone electrospinning scaffolds repair bone defects around the immediate implant Li Jia-feng, Cui Qun, Sun Xiu-ying, Xu Lei, Sun Jin-hu, Han Jian-guo 2014, 18 (16):  2557-2562.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.16.016 Abstract ( 295 )   PDF (3021KB) ( 410 )   Save  BACKGROUND: Alveolar bone remodeling and sustained absorption due to tooth extraction seriously affect the implanting conditions and morphology of hard and soft tissue in implant zone. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of nano-hydroxyapatite/polycaprolactone electrospinning scaffolds to improve the osteogenic effect of bone defects around immediate implants. METHODS: Tissue-engineered bone was prepared by combining canine bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells with nano-hydroxyapatite/polycaprolactone electrospinning scaffold. Bilateral mandibular second premolars from six dogs were extracted mandibular second premolar, and an immediate implant was placed in the mesial fossa of the mandibular second premolar. Three-wall bone defects was made buccally using titanium nails, then tissue-engineered bone and Bio-Oss bone powders were implanted bilaterally covered by collagen membranes (Bio-Gide). Imageology examination was performed to measure bone gray levels immediately, 4, 8, 12 weeks after surgery. After 12 weeks, the mandible was removed completely, toluidine blue staining was used for observation of microstructure, new bone formation, bone morphology and implant osseointegration. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Between the two groups, there was no difference in bone mineral density at each time point after surgery, indicating that the effects of the two materials to promote bone regeneration process are basically the same. After implantation, the dense lamellar bone formed in the bone defect region of tissue-engineered bone group, mature bone cells, Haversian canal, and implant osseointegration were visible. While, in the Bio-Oss group, the lamellar bone was dense, a small amount of Bio-Oss particles distributed within new bone tissues, fewer bone cells were found, a part of Haversian canal was shown to have blood capillaries, and new bone was in close conjunction with the implant. These findings indicate that the nano-hydroxyapatite/polycaprolactone electrospinning scaffold combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and Bio-Gide collagen membrane can promote the regeneration of alveolar bone around the implant. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Icariin inhibits titanium particle-induced inflammatory reaction Cui Jing-fu, Xu Yao-zeng, Zhu Shi-jun, Zhu Feng, Fu Wen, Shao Hong-guo, Geng De-chun 2014, 18 (16):  2563-2569.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.16.017 Abstract ( 297 )   PDF (3040KB) ( 422 )   Save BACKGROUND: Studies in vitro have suggested that icariin can attenuate lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute pneumonia. Is the anti-inflammatory effect of icariin still valid in the presence of wear particles? OBJECTIVE: With studies in vivo and in vitro, to investigate the regulatory effect of icarrin on titanium particle-induced inflammatory reaction. METHODS: (1) Studies in vivo: Eighty male C57BL/6 mice aged 6-8 weeks were randomly divided into four groups: control group, icariin group, titanium particle group, and titanium particle+icariin group. Mice in the titanium particle group and titanium particle+icariin group received surgical procedure, and sterile and endotoxin-free titanium particles were implanted on the calvaria surfaces to induce inflammatory reaction. Mice in the control group and icariin group received the same surgery, but no wear particles were implanted. Then icariin was given orally to mice in the titanium particle group and titanium particle+ icariin group with a dose of 200 mg/kg per day for 2 weeks from the day of modeling. Mice in the control group and icariin group were given orally the same dose of placebo. Two weeks later, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β at protein and mRNA levels were respectively detected with enzyme-linked immunohistochemical (ELISA) and quantitative real time reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis. (2) Studies in vitro: Mouse monocyte/macrophage RAW264.7 cells were cultured with different conditioned media: control group, nuclear factor receptor ligand кB (RANKL); icariin group, RANKL+icariin; titanium particle group, RANKL+titanium particles; titanium particle+icarrin group, RANKL+icariin+titanium particles. Titanium particles stimulated RAW264.7 cells were co-cultured with RANKL and icariin for 72 hours. Tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β at protein and mRNA levels in the supernatant were detected with ELISA analysis and qRT-PCR, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Results in vivo: icariin treatment obviously decreased titanium particle-induced inflammatory cell infiltration and made the thickness of periosteum thinner, down-regulated tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β expressions at protein and mRNA levels. (2) Results in vitro: when RAW264.7 cells were stimulated with titanium particles for 72 hours, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β expressions at protein and mRNA levels in culture media increased obviously; when icariin was administrated, tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β expressions at protein and mRNA levels down-regulated significantly. These results suggest icariin can obviously suppress titanium particle-induced inflammatory reaction in vivo and in vitro. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The preparation of superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiO2­-polyethyleneimine composite particles and their applications in gene delivery Zhang Qing-yun, Li Rong-rong, Deng Gui-ru, Zhu Hui, Yang Xiao-ying 2014, 18 (16):  2570-2575.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.16.018 Abstract ( 450 )   PDF (939KB) ( 669 )   Save BACKGROUND: It is vital to choose the appropriate carrier with low toxicity and high gene transfection efficiency in gene therapy, which is harmless to human body and environment. OBJECTIVE: To prepare superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiO2-polyethyleneimine (PEI) composite particles. METHODS: Fe3O4 nanoparticles were prepared via an emulsion solvent evaporation method and superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiO2 core shell microspheres were prepared successfully subsequently via a modified stober method. The microspheres were further modified with PEI to obtain superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiO2-PEI composite particles. The structures and properties of resultant composite particles microspheres were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, zeta potential and vibrating sample magnetometer. Superparamagnetic Fe3O4/SiO2-PEI composite particles were mixed with plasmid DNA at different mass ratios (29∶1, 39∶1, 49∶1, 59∶1, 68∶1, 78∶1, 88∶1). The in vitro gene transfection ability was evaluated by Hela cells with the transfection of plasmid DNA encoded with green fluorescent protein and the transfection efficiency was determined by confocal fluorescence microscopy. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: We successfully synthesized the Fe3O4/SiO2-PEI composite particles with good dispersibility and even size distribution (about 100 nm). The surface charge was 21.07 mV, and the saturation magnetization was 28.05 emu/g that meant superparamagnetism. When the mass ratio was 59∶1, all the plasmid DNA was adherent to the Fe3O4/SiO2-PEI composite particles; when the mass ratio was > 59∶1, there were excessive Fe3O4/SiO2-PEI composite particles. Therefore, the mass ratio of 59:1 could lead to a better outcome for HeLa cell transfection. These results indicate that the Fe3O4/SiO2-PEI composite particles can dramatically improve the transfection efficiency of plasmid DNA compared with PEI. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Fibroin in small-caliber vascular prostheses Sun Hao, Yan Yu-sheng, Chen Qun-qing, Li Shao-bin 2014, 18 (16):  2576-2581.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.16.019 Abstract ( 458 )   PDF (660KB) ( 942 )   Save BACKGROUND: Many scholars have successfully applied silk fibroin into small-caliber vascular prostheses to achieve better anti-thrombotic role and excellent mechanical strength. In the animal experiments, an ideal long-term patency has been achieved. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the biochemical properties of silk fibroin, the currently used methods for the vessel modification, as well as specific applications of silk fibroin in small-caliber vascular prostheses. Methods: A computer-based search of CNKI, Medline database and ScienceDirect databases from January 1980 to December 2013 was performed for articles relevant to small-caliber vascular prostheses with the key words of “vascular grafts, silk fibroin” in Chinese and English. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Silk fibroin has controllable mechanical properties and good biocompatibility. Its decomposition products is well known and non-toxic. In addition, silk fibroin is easy to be integrated by anticoagulant group, and the effect is obvious, reliable, and easy for colonization and growth of endothelial cells, which can bring a satisfactory long-term patency. So, silk fibroin is an ideal material for the small-caliber vascular prostheses. However, due to the production process and other issues, the application of silk fibroin in previous studies has no long-term development. Recently, the development of nano-materials, bionic technology, vascular tissue engineering, and electrospinning technology brings new chances for the application of silk fibroin in artificial vessels. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Artificial bone materials for bone defect repair: biomechanical characteristics of multiple composites Yang Yi, Bi Xin, Li Duo-yu, Tang Yi-ping, Li Biao 2014, 18 (16):  2582-2587.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.16.020 Abstract ( 530 )   PDF (821KB) ( 1044 )   Save BACKGROUND: The current widely used methods of bone defect repair mainly include bone autograft, allograft and artificial bone transplantation. Artificial bone graft can avoid the pain resulting from taking patients’ own materials, complications and risk of allograft immune rejection. OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress in some commonly used artificial bone materials worldwide in recent years. METHODS: A computer-based search was performed in China Journal Full-Text Database, PubMed database, China Biology Medicine Database and FMJS database to retrieve the papers concerning artificial bone materials published from 2007 to 2013. The keywords were “artificial bone, material, bone defect, bone graft” in Chinese and English. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The current commonly used artificial bone materials are natural polymer materials, synthetic polymer, inorganic material and nanometer material. The ideal bone graft substitutes should have the following conditions: good biocompatibility; local formation of acidic biological environment, good for the ingrowth of blood vessels and osteoblasts; complete biodegradation; osteogenesis, bone conduction and bone induction. Biological fibrin glue has good degradation and histocompatibility that can be shaped, but its strength is poor. The future research direction mainly focuses to reinforce its strength. Synthetic and inorganic materials have good strength and support role, but the histocompatibility is poor, for which, it is very important to improve the histocompatibility. Nanometer material is a suitable artificial bone material. Currently used artificial bone materials in bone tissue engineering research all have their respective advantages and disadvantages. They cannot satisfy the requirements of ideal bone tissue engineering extracellular matrix materials at the same time, and they have differences in the biological peculiarity and mechanical peculiarity with natural bone. Therefore, compositing the various types of materials with structure and function modification is the direction of developing ideal bone defect repair materials. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Biomaterials for repair of sport-induced meniscal injuries: actuality and future Wang Shi-zhe 2014, 18 (16):  2588-2593.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.16.021 Abstract ( 777 )   PDF (631KB) ( 791 )   Save BACKGROUND: Biomaterials provide a new therapeutic approach to meniscal injuries, which has broad application prospects. OBJECTIVE: To review the effects of biomaterials in the meniscal repair after sports injury. METHODS: Literature search was performed to retrieve articles concerning biomaterials for repair of sport-induced meniscal injury. The keywords were “meniscus; biomaterials; repair” in Chinese. Repeated articles were excluded, and finally seven articles were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The surrounding areas of the meniscus with blood supply possess a certain self-healing capability, while those with no blood supply has no this self-healing capability. Therefore, biomaterial implantation is selected for these areas without blood supply. Biomaterial scaffolds are divided into natural biomaterial scaffolds and polymer biomaterial scaffolds. We should choose the appropriate scaffold in replacement therapy according to the compatibility, elasticity, toughness, and strength of biomaterials. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A three-dimensional nanofiber scaffold provides an appropriate microenvironment for stem cell regulation Bai Shu-meng, Liu Xi 2014, 18 (16):  2594-2600.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.16.022 Abstract ( 324 )   PDF (731KB) ( 694 )   Save BACKGROUND: Three-dimensional (3D) nanofiber scaffolds are aimed to mimic the physical and chemical signals of stem cells in vivo. 3D nanofiber scaffolds, which are capable to maintain the activity of stem cells, are promising in tissue regeneration and stem cell therapy. OBJECTIVE: To review the synthesis methods for 3D nanofiber scaffolds, and the interactions of stem cells and 3D scaffolds as well as the current progress of 3D nanofiber scaffolds in tissue engineering. METHODS: Web of Science was searched with key words of “tissue engineering, nanofiber scaffold, stem cell fate” in English for articles relevant to stem cell tissue engineering and 3D nanofiber scaffolds. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 3D nanofiber scaffolds can mimic the physical architecture of in vivo microenvironment due to its nano-scale topology. Chemical modification of scaffolds endows chemical cues to stem cells. Therefore, 3D nanofiber scaffold can be a promising delivery vehicle of stem cells in tissue engineering. Nanofiber scaffolds can be synthesized through self-assembly, sol-gel phase separation, and electric spinning. 3D nanofiber scaffolds have been shown to improve the in vitro proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells, embryonic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and neural stem cells. 3D nanofiber scaffolds with specific topology/chemical properties can induce the differentiation of stem cells into bone, cartilage, nerve, or muscle. 3D nanofiber scaffold which provides a satisfactory microenvironment for stem cell enhance the performance of stem cell therapy. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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New biological dermis cover Pelnac® in wound healing of children with severe trauma Tian Liang, Qiu Lin, Fu Yue-xian, Tian Xiao-fei, Liu Yan, Xiao Jun 2014, 18 (16):  2601-2606.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.16.023 Abstract ( 318 )   PDF (761KB) ( 750 )   Save  BACKGROUND: In recent years, tissue engineering has made great progress, and skin tissue engineering is especially noteworthy. Artificial dermis (PELNAC) is relatively used widely, but there is a lack of relevant reports on wound repair in children. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical efficacy of Pelnac® as skin graft dressings on treatment of the wounds of severe trauma in children. METHODS: In a retrospective study, 22 patients with the wound of severe trauma were treated with Pelnac® graft, negative-pressure wound therapy and split-thickness skin graft as experimental group (Pelnac® group), and another 19 patients treated with granulation formation dressing and split-thickness skin graft as control group. We collected data including the graft livability, the required re-operative times and the epithelization time after the skin graft. During the follow-up, the skin color and texture of survival skin, subcutaneous fullness, scar hyperplasia and the joint function were also evaluated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the Pelnac® group, the graft livability was up to 90% within 10-14 days after grafting. The secondary split-thickness skin graft was required in two cases in the Pelnac® group and in eight cases in the control group. There was a significant difference in the graft livability (P < 0.05). The average epithelization time after the skin graft was (13.86±3.09) days in the Pelnac® group, which was significant shorter than the control group, (19.10±4.62) days, after the first time operation (P < 0.05). During the 10 months follow-up, the survival skin color and skin elasticity in the Pelnac® group was significantly better than that in the control group (P < 0.05). Better subcutaneous fullness and milder scar hyperplasy in the injured sites were obtained in the Pelnac® group compared with the control gorup. Five cases had certain joint function limitation in the Pelnac® group, compared to 10 cases in the control group, with a significant difference (P < 0.05). Artificial dermis Pelnac® has a stronger anti-infectious ability and higher graft livability. Pelnac® graft combined with negative-pressure wound therapy, granulation culture and split-thickness skin graft can shorten the epithelization time, improve wound healing and alleviate harm to the joint function after the skin graft. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Vacuum sealing drainage based on wound surface dressing biomaterials for repairing soft tissue defects of the foot and ankle Yao Hui, Lu Hua-ding, Xu Yi-chun, Zhao Hui-qing, Lv Lu-lu 2014, 18 (16):  2607-2612.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.16.024 Abstract ( 265 )   PDF (835KB) ( 389 )   Save BACKGROUND: Preliminary studies have showed that vacuum sealing drainage based on wound surface dressing biomaterials is a good method to cover the wound as succedaneous peau when the soft tissuedefects along with open fracture cannot be completely repaired during the first operation. OBJECTIVE: To explore the efficacy of vacuum sealing drainage based on wound surface dressing biomaterials in repair of soft tissue defects of foot and ankle. METHODS: Fourteen patients with soft tissue defects of foot and ankle were treated using free skin graft combined with vacuum sealing drainage technique. Meanwhile, the traditional skin graft after wound dressing changes was applied in another 11 patients. The clinical outcomes were compared between two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The transplanted skin in 10 cases of the vacuum sealing drainage group survived. The total survival rate was 71%, and surgical dressing change was applied in the left four patients to finally cover the wound. By comparison, the transplanted skin in four cases of the traditional group survived. The total survival rate was 54%. To finish the wound, three of the left patients were turned to surgical dressing change and two of them still needed skin graft operation once more. The total survival rate between the two groups has no statistical significance(P > 0.05). The therapeutic procedure noted that the time waiting for the secondary surgical visit, times for dressing change before the second intervention and the time for final union between the two groups were statistically different (P < 0.05). So the vacuum sealing drainage based on wound surface dressing biomaterials may accelerate the repair of soft tissue defects of foot and ankle when using the free skin graft operation. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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In situ replantation of partial bone fragments for depressed skull fractures in children Lai Jie-yu, Chen Zhong-zhi, Wang Ren-chun, Jia Cheng-wu, Chu Guang-xin, Jing Fang-kun 2014, 18 (16):  2613-2618.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.16.025 Abstract ( 391 )   PDF (796KB) ( 394 )   Save BACKGROUND: For depressed skull fractures in children, retaining their skull and narrowing surgical incision meet the concept of minimally invasive surgery as important as ensuring the surgical safety and therapeutic effects, which is also the requirement of children’s parents. OBJECTIVE: To explore the curative effects of in suit replantation of free bone fragments based on a small incision in children with depressed skull fractures. METHODS: Fifteen patients with depressed skull fractures, aged 3-16 years, were selected and subject to CT examination and manual examination of the scalp at fractured site under general anesthesia for labeling fracture range. Then, one or two bone fragments corresponding to the fracture site and size were selected. A small incision with a length equal to the outer edge of bone fragments removed. Postoperative follow-up was employed for observation of clinical effects. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: An incision, 5-7 cm in length, were made, and one bone fragment was removed from six cases, and two bone fractures were removed from nine cases. Intraoperatively, there were six cases of epidural hematoma, three cases of subdural hematoma, six cases of brain contusion and bleeding. For fracture fixation, one skull lock was used in eight cases, two skull locks in six cases, and three bone plates in one cases. Postoperative CT showed 12 cases of good fracture reduction displayed basic symmetry with the contralateral skull; 3 cases showed partially depressed bone fragments that were less than 0.5 cm; 6 cases had a little skull defects with a diameter < 1.0 cm; 6 cases had mild epidural hematoma or effusion which was eliminated after conservative treatment. Eleven of 15 cases were followed for 2 month to 3 years, and showed no changes in skull shape on CT films compared with those at discharge and presented with good stability. In addition, there were one case of mild limb paralysis, one case of mild language barriers, and one case of mild seizures, but all these cased were well controlled by drugs. These findings indicate that in situ replantation of partially free bone fragments is suitable for depressed skull fractures in children. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Variation in serum visfatin levels 24 hours after coronary stent implantation Hou Yun, Ding Shi-fang, Wang Hui-jie, Jiang Ju-quan, Fu Wen-bo, Wang Hua, Chen Zhi-nan 2014, 18 (16):  2619-2624.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2014.16.026 Abstract ( 358 )   PDF (706KB) ( 361 )   Save BACKGROUND: Coronary stent implantation can cause blood vessel damage and wall reconstruction, leading to vascular stent restenosis. Studies have found that visfatin is associated with inflammatory reaction, and exhibits an increased expression at the site of plaque rupture in acute myocardial infarction. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of percutaneous coronary intervention on the levels of visfatin in patients with coronary heart disease.   METHODS: Thirty patients with acute myocardial infarction within 12 hours after the onset of the chest pain,    30 patients with unstable pectoris and 30 patients with stable angina pectoris were included. All patients were successfully treated by percutaneous coronary intervention. Meanwhile, 30 patients only undergoing coronary angiography but not stenting treatment were selected, and another 30 patients without any treatment served as normal control group.  RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: According to enzyme-linked immunosorbent method, the visfatin levels of acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina, stable angina and coronary angiography groups continue to rise at pre-operation, 30 minutes, 6 hours, 12 hours, 24 hours after operation, all of which were higher than that in the normal control group (P < 0.05). The results confirmed that within 24 hours after coronary stent implantation the visfatin levels continue to rise. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程 全文链接： Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics