Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (15): 3983-3992.doi: 10.12307/2026.356
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Ma Le1, 2, Song Yuke1, 2, Zhong Xianxing1, 2, Zhang Wensheng1, 2
Accepted:2025-07-09
Online:2026-05-28
Published:2025-11-10
Contact:
Zhang Wensheng, MS, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510378, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Institute of Traditional Chinese Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou 510378, Guangdong Province, China
About author:Ma Le, MS, Attending physician, Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510378, Guangdong Province, China; Guangdong Institute of Traditional Chinese Orthopedics and Traumatology, Guangzhou 510378, Guangdong Province, China
Supported by:CLC Number:
Ma Le, Song Yuke, Zhong Xianxing, Zhang Wensheng. Risk factors for axial symptoms following posterior cervical laminoplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2026, 30(15): 3983-3992.
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2.3 Meta分析结果 2.3.1 颈后路椎板成形术后轴性症状的发生率 共有17项研究报告了颈后路椎板成形术后轴性症状的发生率[5,15,17,23-36]。结果显示,研究间存在显著异质性,为了进一步探讨异质性的来源,基于文献中是否按照1∶1比例纳入对照组,进行亚组分析,然而,由于1∶1对照组中研究仅为1项,异质性结果仍然较高。此外,由于1∶1对照组在选取患者时严格遵循了与轴性症状组等比例的原则,这可能导致其结果无法准确反映实际发生率。因此,最终分析中将该亚组予以排除。为评估结果的稳定性,进行了敏感性分析,结果显示剔除任意单项研究后,结果均无显著变化。分析结果显示,颈后路椎板成形术后轴性症状的发生率为34.88%(95%CI:0.301 6-0.399 0),结果见图2。 2.3.2 年龄 共有4项研究纳入了年龄这一变量[24,30,35-36]。异质性检验结果显示,I2=89%,P < 0.000 1,提示研究间存在较高的异质性。为进一步探讨异质性的来源,采用逐一排除法对单项研究进行敏感性分析,结果显示剔除任一研究后异质性均未发生显著变化,因此,最终采用随机效应模型对效应值进行合并分析。Meta分析结果显示,年龄与颈后路椎板成形术后轴性症状的发生无显著统计学关联(OR=1.07,95%CI:0.95-1.21,P=0.25),结果见图3。 "
2.3.4 术前存在颈肩部疼痛 共有6项研究纳入了术前存在颈肩部疼痛这一变量[23,25-27,31,34]。异质性检验结果显示,I2=0%,P=0.471 5,提示研究间无显著异质性。为了进一步验证结果的稳定性,采用逐一排除法对单项研究进行敏感性分析,结果表明剔除任一研究后异质性均未发生显著变化,因此,最终采用固定效应模型对效应值进行合并。Meta分析结果显示,术前存在颈肩部疼痛是颈后路椎板成形术后轴性症状的独立危险因素(OR=2.35,95%CI:2.20-2.50,P < 0.000 1),结果见图5。 2.3.5 术前颈椎曲度小于12° 共有3项研究纳入了术前颈椎曲度小于12°这一变量[17,28-29]。异质性检验结果显示,I2=0%,P=0.946 6,提示研究间无显著异质性。为验证分析结果的稳健性,采用逐一排除法对单项研究进行敏感性分析,结果显示剔除任一研究后异质性均未发生显著变化,因此,最终采用固定效应模型对效应值进行合并分析。Meta分析结果显示,术前颈椎曲度小于12°是颈后路椎板成形术后轴性症状的独立危险因素(OR=3.16,95%CI:1.91-5.24,P < 0.000 1),结果见图6。 "
2.3.6 术前颈椎椎管占位率 共有3项研究纳入了术前颈椎椎管占位率这一变量[5,15,33]。异质性检验结果显示,I2=74.2%,P=0.020 8,提示研究间存在较高异质性。为探讨异质性的潜在来源,采用逐一排除法进行敏感性分析,结果显示剔除任一研究后异质性未发生显著变化,分析结果稳定,因此,最终采用随机效应模型对效应值进行合并分析。Meta分析结果表明,术前颈椎椎管占位率是颈后路椎板成形术后轴性症状的独立危险因素(OR=1.35,95%CI:1.02-1.79,P=0.034 0),结果见图7。 2.3.7 术中发生关节突关节损伤 共有3项研究纳入了术中发生关节突关节损伤这一变量的分析[24,28-29]。异质性检验结果显示,I2=0.00%,P=0.416 1,提示研究间无显著异质性。为验证分析结果的稳健性,采用逐一排除法对单项研究进行敏感性分析,结果表明剔除任一研究后异质性未发生显著变化,分析结果仍保持稳定,因此,采用固定效应模型对效应值进行合并分析。Meta分析结果显示,术中发生关节突关节损伤是颈后路椎板成形术后轴性症状的独立危险因素(OR=2.87,95%CI:1.96-4.19,P < 0.000 1),结果见图8。 2.3.8 术中关节突关节损伤数量 共有3项研究纳入了术中关节突关节损伤数量这一变量的分析[5,27,34]。异质性检验结果显示,I2=89.4%,P < 0.000 1,提示研究间存在较高异质性。为探讨异质性的潜在来源,进行了逐一排除法的敏感性分析,结果表明剔除任一研究后异质性未发生显著变化,分析结果稳定,因此,采用随机效应模型对效应值进行合并分析。Meta分析结果显示,术中关节突关节损伤数量与颈后路椎板成形术后轴性症状的发生无显著统计学关联(OR=1.00,95%CI:0.57-1.75,P=0.991),结果见图9。 "
2.3.9 术中C7棘突肌肉止点损伤 共有3项研究纳入了术中C7棘突肌肉止点损伤这一变量的分析[5,28,35]。异质性检验结果显示,I2=82.1%,P=0.003 8,提示研究间存在较高异质性。为进一步探讨异质性的潜在来源,采用逐一排除法对单项研究进行敏感性分析,结果表明剔除任一研究后异质性未发生显著变化,分析结果稳定,因此,最终采用随机效应模型对效应值进行合并分析。Meta分析结果显示,术中C7棘突肌肉止点损伤与颈后路椎板成形术后轴性症状的发生无显著统计学关联(OR=1.16,95%CI:0.29-4.59,P=0.832 8),结果见图10。 2.3.10 颈椎曲度变化 共有4项研究纳入了该变量的分析[5,27,31-32],初步结果显示异质性较大。为明确异质性来源,采用逐一排除法进行敏感性分析,结果表明剔除杨明坤等[31]的研究后,异质性显著降低(I2=0%,P=0.665 5),因此,选用固定效应模型对效应值进行合并分析。分析结果显示,颈椎曲度变化是颈后路椎板成形术后轴性症状的独立危险因素(OR=1.10,95%CI=1.03-1.17,P= 0.002 9)。结果见图11。 2.3.11 颈椎活动度变化 共有3项研究纳入了颈椎活动度变化这一变量的分析[5,27,34]。异质性检验结果显示,I2=0%,P=0.480 3,提示研究间无显著异质性。通过逐一排除法进行敏感性分析,结果表明剔除任一研究后异质性未发生显著变化,分析结果稳定,因此,采用固定效应模型对效应值进行合并分析。Meta分析结果显示,颈椎活动度变化是颈后路椎板成形术后轴性症状的独立危险因素(OR=1.09,95%CI:1.04-1.14,P=0.000 5),结果见图12。 "
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