Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (8): 2113-2123.doi: 10.12307/2026.562

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Electroactive materials applied in spinal surgery

Fu Lyupeng1, 2, Yu Peng3, Liang Guoyan2, Chang Yunbing1, 2   

  1. 1School of Medicine, 3National Engineering Research Center of Human Tissue Function Reconstruction, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China; 2Department of Spine Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2024-11-25 Accepted:2025-01-24 Online:2026-03-18 Published:2025-07-29
  • Contact: Chang Yunbing, PhD, Chief physician, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China; Department of Spine Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
  • About author:Fu Lyupeng, Master’s candidate, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China; Department of Spine Surgery, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Guangdong Provincial Natural Science Foundation, No. 2023B1515120078 (to CYB, LGY)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Electroactive materials can promote the secretion of osteogenic factors by activating relevant signal pathways in the body, thereby accelerating the formation of bone tissue and promoting the repair process after vertebral and intervertebral disc injuries. 
OBJECTIVE: To review the application progress and mechanism of electroactive materials in spinal surgery.
METHODS: Relevant literature published between 2010 and 2024 was retrieved from the PubMed database using the following English search terms: “electroactive materials, conductive materials, piezoelectric materials, electroactive polymers, conducting polymers, spine surgery, spinal fusion, spinal repair, spinal regeneration”. Articles that were poorly aligned with the research theme, lacked focus, or presented outdated perspectives were excluded after thorough review. Ultimately, 122 articles were included for synthesis and summary.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Traditional treatment methods for spinal diseases, including physical conservative therapy, pharmacological therapy, and surgical interventions, often face limitations such as modest efficacy, prolonged recovery periods, and frequent complications. Electroactive materials, which can generate local electric fields or respond to electrical stimuli, represent an emerging class of therapeutic materials. These materials include piezoelectric materials, conductive polymers, and others. Studies have shown that electroactive materials can regulate cell proliferation, differentiation, and migration, thereby promoting tissue regeneration and repair. In spinal surgery, electroactive materials are considered promising for facilitating bone fusion, repairing spinal cord injuries, and preventing degenerative spinal diseases. In recent years, the advent of electroactive materials has brought new hope for spinal surgical treatments.


Key words: electroactive material, tissue repair, spinal cord injury, degenerative disease, spine surgery, engineered bone material 

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