Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (28): 4578-4585.doi: 10.12307/2024.424

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The role and mechanism of TLRs/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway in multiple sclerosis

Chen Ying1, Xia Tianqin1, Hua Jianlin1, Yin Jinzhu2, Song Lijuan1, 2, Wang Qing1, Yu Jiezhong3, Huang Jianjun1, 2, Ma Cungen1   

  1. 1The Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Research Center of Neurobiology, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi Province, China; 2Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Sinopharm Coal Group, Datong 037003, Shanxi Province, China; 3Institute of Brain Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, Shanxi Province, China
  • Received:2023-04-06 Accepted:2023-07-26 Online:2024-10-08 Published:2023-11-27
  • Contact: Ma Cungen, Professor, Doctoral supervisor, The Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Research Center of Neurobiology, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi Province, China Huang Jianjun, Professor, Master’s supervisor, The Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Research Center of Neurobiology, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi Province, China; Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Sinopharm Coal Group, Datong 037003, Shanxi Province, China
  • About author:Chen Ying, Master candidate, The Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Research Center of Neurobiology, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi Province, China Xia Tianqing, Master candidate, The Key Research Laboratory of Benefiting Qi for Acting Blood Circulation Method to Treat Multiple Sclerosis of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine/Research Center of Neurobiology, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Program), No. 81473577 (to MCG); National Natural Science Foundation of China (General Program), No. 81903596 (to WQ); 2022 Shanxi Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Young Talent Team, No. 202204051001028 (to SLJ); Shanxi Provincial Applied Basic Research Program Project, No. 201901D211538 (to SLJ); Medical Science and Technology Leadership Team of Shanxi Provincial Healthcare Commission, No. 2020TD05 (to MCG); Funding for Discipline Construction of Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, No. 2023XKJS-02 (to MCG); Science and Technology Innovation Team of Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine in 2022, Nos. 2022TD2006 (to WQ) and 2022TD2010 (to SLJ); Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine Young Scientist Cultivation Project, No. 2021-PY-QN-09 (to SLJ)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system mediated by T cells. The Toll-like receptors (TLRs)/myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)/nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) signaling pathway plays an important role in the development of the disease. Exploring the specific mechanism of the signaling pathway is essential for further treatment of the disease and improving the prognosis of patients.
OBJECTIVE: To review the TLRs/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway and its role in multiple sclerosis/experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis models, which provides new ideas and strategies for the treatment of multiple sclerosis by inhibiting the TLRs/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway. 
METHODS: The literature related to the topic from January 2002 to December 2022 was searched in CNKI, WanFang and PubMed databases. A total of 61 articles were finally included for analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The TLRs/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway is an important pathway that triggers a pro-inflammatory immune response. The TLRs/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway plays an important role in the development of multiple sclerosis by regulating the antigen presentation of dendritic cells, destroying the integrity of the blood-brain barrier, and promoting the activation of T cells, B cells and microglia. By targeting TLRs, MyD88 and NF-κB molecules, inhibiting the activation or signal transduction of TLRs, MyD88 and NF-κB, and reducing the secretion of pro-inflammatory factors, multiple sclerosis can be treated. Animal studies have shown that active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicines, such as flavonoids and glycosides, and traditional Chinese medicine compound formulas, such as Buyang Huanwu Tang, can also treat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by regulating the TLRs/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway, which points to the direction of searching for medicines targeting the TLRs/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway for the treatment of multiple sclerosis.

Key words: multiple sclerosis, TLRs, MyD88, NF-κB, microglia, inflammatory response, mechanism, treatment

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