Effect of geometric design of tibial liner of knee prosthesis on its contact mechanics and kinematics

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1697

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Geometric parameter of knee prosthesis makes important effect on sport performance and contact force, and decides the service life of knee prosthesis.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of anterior sagittal radius, the posterior sagittal radius and the coronal radius of curvature of the tibial liner of knee prosthesis on the contact mechanics and kinematics of the knee joint.

METHODS: The standard model based on the product of total knee arthroplasty DePuy PFC CR posterior cruciate ligament retained prosthesis from Johnson & Johnson’s Orthopaedic Company was applied. The three-dimensional solid model of tibia coronal radius enlargement prosthesis, tibia sagittal radius enlargement prosthesis and tibia coronal posterior radius enlargement prosthesis were established by changing the sagittal anterior radius, sagittal posterior radius and coronal curvature radius of tibial liner of the knee prosthesis. The force-controlled display dynamic gait cycle finite element was built to simulate the gait periodic motion after knee arthroplasty. The results of the maximum contact pressure, contact area, anterior and posterior displacement of tibial and internal and external rotation angle of the tibial pad during one gait cycle were obtained.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Compared with the standard model, the contact pressure of the tibial liner was increased significantly and the contact area was decreased obviously. But decreased sagittal conformity would not lead to significant increase in maximum contact pressure and contact area. (2) Compared with the standard model, a distinct tibial backward movement was observed when the anterior curvature radius of the tibial liner increased. A slight tibial backward movement was observed when the sagittal posterior curvature radius increased. The increased anterior and posterior curvature radii of tibial liner led to a significant internal rotation, especially for the standing stage when the maximum rotation angle reached to 10° from 8°. The increase in coronal curvature of the tibial liner showed an unnoticeable impact on the kinematic performance of the prosthesis. (3) These results showed that the conformity of femoral condyle of the knee joint prosthesis and tibial liner in coronal plane is the main geometric parameter affecting the contact area and contact pressure of the tibial liner. Decreasing the coronal conformity properly will not cause a significant impact on the stability of knee joint motion. The consistency of the sagittal curvature radius of the prosthesis is the main geometric parameter affecting knee joint motion.

Key words: total knee prosthesis, tibial liner, parametric design, finite element analysis, contact mechanics, kinematics, prosthesis wear, gait cycle

CLC Number:

Wang Meng, Li Xing, Cheng Bo, Wang Junyuan, Du Wenhua, Liu Feng. Effect of geometric design of tibial liner of knee prosthesis on its contact mechanics and kinematics[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2019, 23(18): 2794-2799.

Figures/Tables 2

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