Growth factor genetic modification and nano-hydroxyapatite composite for repair of alveolar bone defects

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.21.002

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Studies have found that the osteoblasts can promote the formation of the alveolar bone, and platelet-derived growth factor A genetic modification effect on osteoblasts to promote alveolar bone
formation is still unclear.
OBJECTIVE: To implant platelet-derived growth factor A recombinant plasmid and nano-hydroxyapatite composite into bone defects, and then to observe the effects on bone defect repair.
METHODS: Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits were randomized into experimental and control groups. Bilateral mandibular defects of 10 mm×6 mm×4 mm were prepared. Platelet-derived growth factor A-transfected osteoblasts and nano-hydroxyapatite composite material was implanted into the experimental group, while nano-hydroxyapatite was implanted into the control group. Gross observation, cone beam CT, histological observation and scanning electron microscope observation were performed at postoperative 4, 8, and 12 weeks.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At different time points after implantation, new bone formed at defect sites. Experimental group was superior to the control group in the following aspects: osteoblasts, trabecular bone, lacunae, neovascularization repair, as well as osseointegration between implant material and alveolar bone (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that platelet-derived growth factor A transfected osteoblasts and nano-hydroxyapatite composite can generate a new material with better biocompatibility, which can accelerate the regeneration of bone tissue and promote bone defect repair.

Key words: biomaterials, nanobimaterials, alveolar bone, mandibular defects, platelet-derived growth factor A-transfected osteoblasts, composite materials, nano-hydroxyapatite, periodontitis, provincial grants-supported paper

CLC Number:

R318

Zhu Jian-hua, Yuan Xu, Wei Jia-jia, Liu Ji-guang. Growth factor genetic modification and nano-hydroxyapatite composite for repair of alveolar bone defects[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.21.002.

Figures/Tables 5

术后4周，对照组缺损区由纤维结缔组织构成，边缘可见散在新骨；实验组可见大量骨样组织长入复合材料，有小的骨岛形成，可见少量新生血管。术后8周，对照组可见新生血管量增多，边缘见散在新生骨向中央延伸，材料内骨样组织较4周时增多，但仍较为疏松且为新生组织，材料残留仍较多，降解缓慢；实验组骨样组织显著增多，而且更加成熟，有骨小梁、大量骨细胞和成骨细胞，材料部分降解。术后12周，对照组骨缺损被不完全修复，边缘成骨细胞较活跃；实验组材料基本完全降解，被新骨组织所代替。 2.5 实验组与对照组下颌骨标本扫描电镜观察结果术后4周，对照组中材料与骨结合不紧密，界面处有明显缝隙，可见纤维结缔组织；实验组中复合材料与骨结合紧密，界面处无明显分界，材料区有骨样组织长入。以上结果表明复合材料的生物相容性明显优于单纯材料，可促进新生组织的快速长入。术后8周，对照组中仍可看到材料与缺损端的分界，缺损区有大量材料残留，有少量骨样组织沿材料空隙长入材料；实验组中可以看到缺损中近界面区新生组织致密，形貌与正常骨相似，有少量材料残留。植入复合材料的缺损内有大量新骨形成，而植入单纯材料的缺损愈合缓慢。术后12周，对照组中缺损端与缺损内新生骨组织融合相对较差，缺损内结构疏松，有较多孔隙。材料仅部分降解，有大量残留，特别是缺损中心区仅有少量组织长入尚未降解的材料内；实验组中可以看到缺损端与缺损内新生骨组织融合良好，缺损边界和中心均为致密的骨样组织。材料大部分已降解，只有少量复合材料包裹在新生骨组织之间。这些结果证明了复合材料具有更好的骨诱导性，可有效促进骨缺损愈合，见图5，6。"

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