Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2024, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (29): 4726-4733.doi: 10.12307/2024.561

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Bioactive glass: different application forms and functions by adjusting preparation process and doping elements

Gao Hua, Che Hui, Hu Dan, Hao Yuefeng   

  1. Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2023-10-25 Accepted:2023-11-29 Online:2024-10-18 Published:2024-03-23
  • Contact: Hao Yuefeng, MD, Professor, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Gao Hua, Master candidate, Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Natural Science Foundation Project of Jiangsu Provincial Department of Science and Technology, No. BK20211083 (to HYF); Key Disease Project of Suzhou Municipal Health Commission, No. LCZX202110 (to HD); Young Backbone Research and Cultivation Project of Gusu College of Nanjing Medical University, No. GSKY20220527 (to CH); Graduate Practical Innovation Program, No. SJCX23-0684 (to GH)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Bioactive glass is a multifunctional synthetic composite material that releases active ions slowly and exhibits certain biological activities after affinity with tissues. Their versatility stems from the versatility of their preparation processes and components, allowing them to be applied in different clinical scenarios. 
OBJECTIVE: To review the main application forms, application fields of bioactive glass, as well as the influence of doping different elements on its function.
METHODS: A literature search was conducted across WanFang Medical Database, CNKI Database, PubMed Database, and Web of Science Database, using the search terms “bioactive glass, slow-release ions, bone tissue engineering, composite scaffold, tissue regeneration and repair, biomedical engineering” in Chinese and English. The timeframe was limited from 2000 to 2023. Finally, 88 articles were included for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) In terms of application forms, bioactive glass can be fabricated as coatings, particles, bone cements, and scaffolds according to needs. Coatings have the potential to enhance the biological activity of implants, yet they are susceptible to instability as a result of degradation. Particles offer a viable solution for the repair of irregular bone defects; however, particles produced through traditional methods often possess limited functionality. Bone cement provides the benefits of minimal invasiveness and injectability, yet its application is restricted to smaller bone defects. Scaffolds exhibit excellent mechanical properties and are commonly used for larger-sized bone defects, yet they have limited toughness. (2) In terms of applications, bioactive glass can be used in a variety of tissue regeneration and repair and disease treatment fields, including dentistry, orthopedics, soft tissue engineering, and cancer. (3) In terms of element doping, the addition of specific elements to bioactive glass not only improves its mechanical properties but also endows it with special biological functions such as bioactivity, degradability, and antibacterial properties. (4) Biologically active glass is a versatile material that can be used in different forms and functions by adjusting the preparation process and element doping to meet various clinical needs in bone tissue engineering and is widely used in the field of biomedical engineering.

Key words: bioactive glass, slow-release ions, coating, particle, bone cement, scaffold, Si, Ca, biomedical engineering, tissue regeneration and repair

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