Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Bone grafting is an important method of treating bone defects, and bone graft materials have been an orthopedic focus for a long time.
OBJECTIVE: To review the progresses of bone graft materials.
METHODS: Literatures on bone graft materials and bone defect repairing published during 2000-2009 were searched in CNKI (Medical Edition) database and Foreign Medical Journals Full-text Service.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The ideal bone graft materials should have good biocompatibility, biodegradability, three-dimensional structure, plasticity and certain strength, bone induction, and disinfection. At present, four types of materials are used: autogenous bone, allogeneic bone, xenogenic bone, and artificial bone. Reconstituted bone xenograft and tissue engineering bone belong to xenograft bone and artificial bone derivatives. Some derivatives can also be combined with antibiotics and other substances. Each of them has advantages and disadvantages. There is an urgent need for a suitable filling material in the clinical treatment of bone defects, especially large or segmental bone defects. Xenogeneic bone, with the widest application prospect, need further research to evaluate the efficacy and safety.