Nicotine inhibits root resorption induced by experimental tooth movement in rats

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.20.007

Abstract

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking can seriously affect the periodontal tissues and root, and nicotine in tobacco can increase the progression of periodontal disease and influence bone remodeling thus leading to bone resorption. While intergrin αvβ3 participates in the root resorption induced by orthodontic tooth movement.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of nicotine on root resorption induced by orthodontic tooth movement based on the indicators of intergrin αvβ3 expression in the odontoclasts.
METHODS: A total of 110 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the blank control group, normal saline group, 0.5 mg/kg nicotine group, 0.75 mg/kg nicotine group and 1 mg/kg nicotine group. In the last four groups, 50 g force was exposed on the maxillary first molar, and intraperitoneal injection of nicotine tartrate solution or saline in a certain dose was performed daily. Then the histological changes and expression of intergrin αvβ3 were observed after exposed force on the maxillary first molar for 1, 3, 5, 7 and 14 days using hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: With the prolonging of time for exposing force, the periodontal ligament fibers around the root were distorted and lost normal shape, and inflammatory cell infiltration could be seen. Resorption lacuna and odontoclasts were found on the root surface in the pressure side and tension side as well as the root bifurcation. The dose of nicotine injection, the number and depth of resorption lacuna on the root surface and the number of odontoclasts showed a dose-dependent manner. Immunohistochemical staining result showed that expression of intergrin αvβ3 could be seen in each group, except for the blank control group, and the expression intensity was increased with the prolonging of the time for force; the intergrin αvβ3 positive expression was strong after forced for 7 days, and decreased when forced for 14 days. The number of odontoclasts expressing intergrin αvβ3 was increased with the increasing of the nicotine dose. Nicotine may increase the root resorption in orthodontic tooth movement, and this effect may be in time- and dose-dependent manner.

Key words: tissue construction, oral tissue construction, orthodontics, tooth movement, root resorption, nicotine, integrin αv, integrin β3, other grants-supported paper

CLC Number:

R318

Zulihuma•Arefujiang, Pan Xu, Mi Cong-bo. Nicotine inhibits root resorption induced by experimental tooth movement in rats[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2013, 17(20): 3658-3665.

Figures/Tables 3

2.1 实验动物数量分析实验选用110只SD大鼠中，死亡2只，其中生理盐水组和0.75 mg/kg尼古丁组各1只，死亡原因均为麻醉意外死亡。均在死亡后再次造模以保证数量，进入结果分析110只。 2.2 苏木精-伊红染色观察结果空白对照组：牙根表面平滑，牙周膜纤维排列整齐，张力侧与压力侧牙周膜间隙均等，见图1A。生理盐水组：加力1 d时，张力侧牙周膜纤维拉长，牙周膜间隙增宽；压力侧牙周膜间隙变窄，牙周膜纤维排列开始紊乱，牙骨质表面出现较小的吸收陷窝。加力3 d时，牙根表面吸收陷窝加深、变大，破牙骨质细胞增多。加力5 d时，根分叉处出现骨吸收陷窝和破牙骨质细胞，见图1B。加力7 d时，牙根压力侧、张力侧和根分叉处都出现吸收陷窝，并且增多加深，根分叉处出现大量破牙骨质细胞。加力14 d 时，破牙骨质细胞大量减少，牙根表面可见成牙骨质细胞，牙骨质吸收陷窝内出现新生的修复性牙骨质层。 0.5 mg/kg尼古丁组：组织学改变与生理盐水组大致相同。与相同加力天数相较，破牙骨质细胞更多，吸收陷窝更多且更深。5 d时根分叉处的吸收陷窝与生理盐水组相比，深度已达牙本质浅层，破坏更大，见图1C。 0.75 mg/kg尼古丁组：加力3 d时，牙根压力侧表面、根分叉处牙根表面均出现牙骨质吸收陷窝。吸收陷窝内的破牙骨质细胞数量比生理盐水、0.5 mg/kg尼古丁组增多，并可见炎性细胞侵润。加力5 d时，根分叉处出现较大的吸收陷窝及大量破牙骨质细胞，见图1D。 1 mg/kg尼古丁组：与其他实验组相比较，各个加力时间点上，1 mg/kg尼古丁组牙根表面的吸收陷窝明显增多加深，破牙骨质细胞显著增加。吸收陷窝附近的成纤维细胞排列不规则，大量炎性细胞浸润，见图1E。根分叉处牙骨质破坏显著，并有吸收陷窝深入牙本质内。根尖遭到破坏，见图1F。"

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