Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that humoral immunity cannot afford a major role in allograft immune rejection. It is generally believed that cellular immune rejection plays a leading role in the rejection.
OBJECTIVE: To outline the changes and distribution of T lymphocytes after allogeneic bone grafting.
METHODS: An electronic search of Wanfang and PubMed databases (1990-01/2011-12) was performed for articles addressing the changes and distribution of T lymphocytes after allogeneic bone grafting using the key words of “bone graft, allograft, T lymphocytes”. Repetitive articles, reviews and Meta analysis were excluded, and finally 31 articles were included in result analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After allogeneic bone graft, activated T lymphocytes in vivo play a role in negative feedback regulation of immune rejections, and T lymphocytes experience a dramatic change. However, deep cryopreservation, freeze-drying, γ-ray irradiation, and immunosuppressive agents can effectively reduce the immunogenicity and disease transmission. A great amount of studies have demonstrated that the allogeneic bone has intact structure of bone tissues, mechanical stability, biological activity, bone induction capacity, low immunity and strong healing capacity with the host bone. After implantation, the allogeneic bone can achieve the bone incorporation through the vascularization, new bone formation, and connection with the host bone. It is indicated that the allogeneic bone as a feasible graft material, can be considered as an important method for bone defect repair.