BACKGROUD: Both adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and small intestinal submucosa (SIS) have good biocompatibility. But the effects of bionic periosteum composite constructed by them on bone defects repairment need further investigation.
OBJECTIVE: To study the osteogenic feasibility of bionic periosteum constructed by ADSCs seeded onto SIS in vivo.
METHODS: After osteogenic induction, ADSCs isolated from the rabbits inguinal fat were co-cultured with porcine SIS in vitro for 3 weeks to build bionic periosteum. Bionic periosteum was embedded in nude mice. ADSCs without osteogenesis induction seeded onto SIS were also embedded in nude mice as control.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After osteogenic induction, ADSCs were well adhered onto the SIS and a large amount of extracellular matrix was found in cells. At 4, 8 and 12 weeks after grafting, there was a large amount of bone formation detected by immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscope. There was no cortical bone formation in the non-induced composite group. At 8 weeks after bionic periosteum grafting, immunohistochemistry results of osteopontin and osteocalcin were positive. It is indicated that bionic periosteum transplanted into nude mice can form new bone with good blood supply.