Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Bovine cortical bone as a heterogeneous cortical bone material has been most widely used, but the immunogenic reactions are serious, which may lead to fixation failure.
OBJECTIVE: To observe the outcomes of three different cortical bone screws in vivo as well as the biomechanical properties and immunogenicity responses of different bone screws.
METHODS: Bovine cortical bone bio-interference screw, bovine bone nail and sheep bone nail were implanted into the femur of 18 healthy adult goats to observe their biological properties.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Lane histological scores were bovine cortical bone bio-interference screw > sheep bone nail > bovine bone nail (P < 0.01). Biomechanical experiments showed that the initial interface load and interface stiffness had no differences among three different screws (P > 0.05). At 12 weeks, the interface load and stiffness was higher for bovine cortical bone bio-interference screw than the other two screws; at 24 weeks, the interface load and stiffness was bovine cortical bone bio-interference screw > sheep bone nail > bovine bone nail (P < 0.01). It indicated that the initial bio-mechanical properties of bio-interference screw was not less than those of sterilized bovine bone, which could be maintained for a long time; after the bio-interference screw was implanted into the host bone tissue, stronger interference mechanical properties produced.