Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (15): 3960-3970.doi: 10.12307/2026.338

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Biomechanical function and clinical significance of the lateral wall integrity in intertrochanteric fractures of the femur

Feng Tao, Yin Zhaoyang   

  1. Lianyungang Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Accepted:2025-07-19 Online:2026-05-28 Published:2025-11-10
  • Contact: Yin Zhaoyang, MD, Professor, Chief physician, Master’s supervisor, Lianyungang Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • About author:Feng Tao, Master candidate, Lianyungang Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang 222000, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Jiangsu Provincial Health Commission Project, No. 2022-208 (to YZY); Lianyungang Municipal Health Commission Surface Project, No. 202212 (to YZY)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: In recent years, with the advancing research on the clinical characteristics and biomechanical mechanisms of the lateral femoral wall, the clinical value of the lateral wall has gained general recognition, and the integrity of the lateral wall is a core element in determining the prognosis of intertrochanteric femoral fractures.
OBJECTIVE: A review of recent studies on the lateral wall of intertrochanteric femur fractures was conducted to provide a theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment, so as to optimize the choice of internal fixation techniques and control the related complications.
METHODS: The author searched databases including WanFang, CNKI and PubMed for domestic and foreign relevant articles with search terms “intertrochanteric fracture of femur, biomechanics, finite element analysis, lateral femoral wall, fracture classification, fracture fixation” in Chinese and English. The search time was from 2015 to 2025 and a total of 70 articles were selected for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The new comprehensive classification can describe the fracture morphology of intertrochanteric fractures in more detail, which has a greater potential for clinical application and can more effectively guide doctors to formulate treatment plans. (2) The finite element analysis of the lateral wall confirms that the complete lateral wall can enhance the strength and stability of intramedullary fixation, and its support strength is proportional to the thickness of the lateral wall. (3) The reconstruction of the lateral wall is conducive to the enhancement of the mechanical stability of the femur, and the intramedullary joint combination of intramedullary and extramedullary fixation showed better clinical results. Preoperative reconstruction of the posterolateral wall should be customized according to the patient’s specific condition.

Key words: intertrochanteric fracture of femur, lateral femoral wall, fracture classification, finite element analysis, fracture fixation, biomechanics, review

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