Hydrogel loaded with platelet-rich plasma promotes wound healing in diabetic rats

doi:10.12307/2023.976

Abstract

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Diabetic wounds have complicated conditions such as infection, ischemia, peripheral neuropathy, and vascular disease. Ordinary hydrogel dressings with single structure and function cannot meet the needs of diabetic wound healing.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of a hydrogel loaded with platelet-rich plasma on wound healing of full-thickness skin defects in diabetic rats.
METHODS: The blood of SD rats was extracted to prepare platelet-rich plasma. Carboxymethyl chitosan/oxychondroitin sulfate hydrogel and carboxymethyl chitosan/oxychondroitin sulfate hydrogel loaded with platelet-rich plasma were prepared separately. Streptozotocin was used to induce diabetes model in adult male SD rats. A round full-thickness skin wound with a diameter of 2 cm was made on the back of diabetic rats. The rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=10 per group). The blank group was applied with gauze on the wound. The hydrogel group, platelet-rich plasma group, and composite hydrogel group were respectively applied with the corresponding hydrogel, platelet-rich plasma and hydrogel loaded with platelet-rich plasma. The wound healing was observed within 20 days after treatment.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) On day 20 after treatment, the wound healing rate of the hydrogel group, platelet-rich plasma group and composite hydrogel group was significantly higher than that of the blank group (P < 0.05). The wound healing rate of the composite hydrogel group was significantly higher than that of the platelet-rich plasma group (P < 0.05). (2) The results of hematoxylin-eosin staining on day 5 after treatment showed that compared with the blank group, hydrogel group and platelet-rich plasma group, there were a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration, new granulation tissue and capillary formation in the wound tissue of the composite hydrogel group. (3) On day 5 after treatment, the results of immunohistochemical staining and western blot assay showed that the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 1β in wound tissue in the composite hydrogel group were significantly lower than those in the blank group, hydrogel group and platelet-rich plasma group (P < 0.05). (4) Masson staining results on day 15 after treatment showed that compared with the blank group, hydrogel group and platelet-rich plasma group, there were more collagen fibers in the wound tissue of the composite hydrogel group, which were orderly, evenly distributed and dense. (5) CD31 immunofluorescence staining showed that on day 15 after treatment, the expression of CD31 in wound tissue of the composite hydrogel group was significantly higher than that of the blank group, hydrogel group and platelet-rich plasma group (P < 0.05). (6) These results suggest that the hydrogel loaded with platelet-rich plasma can promote the healing of full-thickness skin defect wounds in diabetic rats by promoting granulation tissue, collagen fiber and angiogenesis, and reducing the inflammatory response.

Key words: diabetic wound, hydrogel, platelet-rich plasma, wound healing, inflammation, angiogenesis

CLC Number:

Zhang Ya, Mu Qiuju, Wang Zilin, Liu Hongjie, Zhu Lili. Hydrogel loaded with platelet-rich plasma promotes wound healing in diabetic rats[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2024, 28(5): 690-696.

Figures/Tables 8

References

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