Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (34): 5523-5529.doi: 10.12307/2021.250

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Bio-functionalization of medical metal materials in orthopedic application

Li Shan, Liu Chao, Yan Yiguo   

  1. Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
  • Received:2020-12-10 Revised:2020-12-17 Accepted:2021-01-29 Online:2021-12-08 Published:2021-07-28
  • Contact: Yan Yiguo, MD, Chief physician, Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
  • About author:Li Shan, Master, Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Spine Minimally Invasive Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hunan Province, No. 2017SK4004 (to YYG)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: There are still many problems in orthopedic medical metal materials after many years of clinical application, including autoimmune reaction, the mismatch of elastic modulus and human bone, the non-fusion of bone and interface after implantation, and the direct or indirect impact of metal corrosion and wear.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the bio-functionalization of medical metal materials in orthopedic applications. 
METHODS: The first author used computer to search the relevant literature of PubMed, CNKI, and Web of Science database. The English search terms were “orthopedics, metallic material, bio-functionalization”, and the Chinese search terms were “orthopedic medical metals, 3D printing technology, bio-functionalization, surface modification, material surface coating”. Finally, 61 articles were included for review. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Medical metal materials are the earliest materials used in orthopedics. The initial research on medical metal materials focused on the nature of metal materials. With the continuous research on bone substitute materials, the properties of materials are developing from biological inertness to biological activity and biological functionalization. Under the premise of not changing the properties of the body material, the organic coupling of the biological functions of metal materials was carried out by using surface physical modification, chemical modification and surface biological modification to further realize the bio-functionalization of medical metal materials, so that orthopedic medical metal materials not only have good mechanical properties and biocompatibility, as well as good biological activity, anti-inflammatory properties and osteoinductive properties. These multi-functional synergistic effects will become a new field of clinical application and also point out the direction for the development of new functions of biomedical metals.

Key words: orthopedic, medical metal materials, surface modification, biofunctionalization, 3D printing technology, material surface coating

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