Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (29): 4715-4720.doi: 10.12307/2021.174

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Role and mechanism of polycystin in bone formation and bone disease treatments

Yang Li1, Guan Shuai1, Zhang Xingkui1, Liu Bing2, Li Xiangjun1   

  1. 1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 2Department of Periodontal Disease, Hebei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Hebei Provincial Clinical Research Canter for Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei Province, China
  • Received:2020-08-13 Revised:2020-08-14 Accepted:2020-09-15 Online:2021-10-18 Published:2021-07-22
  • Contact: Li Xiangjun, MD, Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei Province, China
  • About author:Yang Li, Master candidate, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, Hebei Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Key Research & Development Project of Hebei Provincial Department of Science and Technology, No. 17277745D (to LXJ); National University Student Innovative Experimental Project of China, No. USIP2018022 (to LXJ)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Polycystin was first discovered in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease, which was involved in the formation of cysts, and later it was found to be related to bone formation and the occurrence and development of bone-related diseases such as craniosynostosis, bone loss, and osteosarcoma. 
OBJECTIVE: To review the role of polycystin in bone formation mechanism and the occurrence and development of bone-related diseases.
METHODS: PubMed database was searched for relevant documents from January 1990 to April 2020. The search terms were “bone” or “bone formation mechanism” or “craniosynostosis” or “bone loss” or “osteosarcoma” and “polycystin.” At the same time, CNKI database was searched for relevant documents from January 1979 to April 2020. The search terms were “polycystin” and “bone,” “polycystin” and “bone formation mechanism,” “polycystin” and “bone loss,” “polycystin” and “osteosarcoma,” “polycystin” and “craniosynostosis.” Finally, 45 relevant documents were included for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Polycystin exists as a mechanoreceptor in the plasma membrane of bone cells, which is activated by external mechanical stimuli, and triggers signaling pathways in the cells, participates in the regulation of bone formation and bone loss mechanisms, participates in bone development, and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of bone diseases, such as craniosynostosis, bone loss, and osteosarcoma. To date, there have been few studies regarding the role of polycystin in maxillofacial bone and skull diseases, suggesting that in-depth studies on the role and mechanism of polycystin in the physiopathological processes of the skeletal bone are warranted.


Key words: polycystin, bone, bone formation mechanism, bone loss, craniosynostosis, osteosarcoma, mechanical stimulus, signaling pathway, review

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