Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (26): 4236-4242.doi: 10.12307/2021.127

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N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation is involved in orthopedic related diseases

Chen Weijian1, Zhang Gangyu2, Lin Tianye2, Liang Du1, Wang Haibin3   

  1. 1Guangzhou Bone Setting Hospital affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China; 2The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China; 3Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2020-08-07 Revised:2020-08-11 Accepted:2020-09-04 Online:2021-09-18 Published:2021-05-13
  • Contact: Wang Haibin, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China E-mail:whbtdzyyx@163.com
  • About author:Chen Weijian, Master candidate, Guangzhou Bone Setting Hospital affiliated to Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China in 2017 (General Program), No. 81774339 (to WHB); the National Natural Science Foundation of China in 2020 (General Program), No. 82074462 (to WHB)

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:  With the development of high-throughput sequencing technology, recent studies have found that the presence of N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification can be detected in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, adipocytes, osteoclasts, chondrocytes, and osteosarcoma cells. It can affect the translation of mRNA and/or non-coding RNA of related genes by regulating the methylation of RNA in cells, which can activate cell signal transduction pathways, regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, invasion, apoptosis and DNA damage repair. In turn, it can regulate the physiological and pathological processes such as bone development, joint degeneration, fracture healing, and the occurrence and development of bone tumors.

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the latest research results and specific mechanisms of m6A modification in osteoporosis, osteoarthritis and other orthopedic diseases in recent years, and to offer inspiration for the development of new treatment strategies for orthopedic diseases.
METHODS: CNKI and PubMed were searched with the keywords of “N-6 methyladenine, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, orthopedic diseases” for literatures regarding m6A methylation modification in orthopedic diseases from their inception date to June 2020. According to the established inclusion and exclusion criteria, 61 articles were finally included for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: During the accelerated development of osteoporosis, METTL3-mediated m6A methylation and FTO-mediated m6A demethylation affect the expression of related genes and further regulate the bone formation and adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. METTL3-mediated m6A methylation plays an important role in the development of osteoarthritis by regulating nuclear-κB signaling in chondrocytes and extracellular matrix synthesis. METTL3/m6A inhibits the osteogenic mechanism in the fracture healing process by targeting the regulation of osteoblast-related miR-7212-5p. METTL3 activates Wnt/β-catenin signals by regulating the m6A level of lymphoid enhancer binding factor 1 and accelerates the progression of osteosarcoma by regulating the m6A methylation of ATAD2 gene. Therefore, m6A modification is involved in the pathological progresses of osteoporosis, osteoarthritis and other orthopedic diseases. The in-depth study of m6A modification provides a theoretical basis for further understanding the pathogenesis of orthopedic related diseases, and provides therapeutic thoughts and references for orthopedic diseases based on epigenetics.

Key words: RNA m6A modification, m6A modification enzyme system, bone development, osteogenesis, fat, cartilage, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, osteosarcoma

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