中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (31): 6811-6820.doi: 10.12307/2025.548

• 干细胞综述 stem cell review • 上一篇    

不同来源间充质干细胞治疗炎症性肠病

袁  潇1,梁松林1,谢亚楠1,管冬梅1,樊龙雨1,殷晓轩2   

  1. 1山东中医药大学,山东省济南市   250355;2 兖矿新里程总医院,山东省济宁市   273599
  • 收稿日期:2024-08-05 接受日期:2024-09-14 出版日期:2025-11-08 发布日期:2025-02-28
  • 通讯作者: 殷晓轩,博士,主任医师,兖矿新里程总医院,山东省济宁市 273599
  • 作者简介:袁潇,女,1999年生,湖北省咸宁市人,汉族,2024年山东中医药大学毕业,硕士,医师,主要从事中西医结合内科疾病研究。
  • 基金资助:
    山东省中医药科技项目(2020Z41),项目负责人:殷晓轩

Mesenchymal stem cells from different sources in treatment of inflammatory bowel disease

Yuan Xiao1, Liang Songlin1, Xie Yanan1, Guan Dongmei1, Fan Longyu1, Yin Xiaoxuan2   

  1. 1Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China; 2Yankuang New Journey General Hospital, Jining 273599, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2024-08-05 Accepted:2024-09-14 Online:2025-11-08 Published:2025-02-28
  • Contact: Yin Xiaoxuan, MD, Chief physician, Yankuang New Journey General Hospital, Jining 273599, Shandong Province, China
  • About author:Yuan Xiao, MS, Physician, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, Shandong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Shandong Province Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology Project, No. 2020Z41 (to YXX)

摘要:

文题释义:

间充质干细胞:是一类具有多向分化潜能的干细胞,能够分化成各种类型细胞,如脂肪细胞、成骨细胞、软骨细胞等。间充质干细胞在体内分布广泛,可以从骨髓、脂肪、脐带等多种组织中分离得到。间充质干细胞已被研究用于治疗多种疾病,在组织修复和再生、免疫调节、抗炎等多方面发挥重要作用。 
炎症性肠病:是一种长期的慢性肠道炎性疾病,主要包括溃疡性结肠炎和克罗恩病,前者主要损害结肠和直肠,后者可损害从口腔到肛门之间的任意胃肠道部位,以小肠末端和结肠多见,主要临床表现为腹痛、腹泻、血便、体质量减轻等。

摘要
背景:炎症性肠病发病率逐渐升高,且暂无良好的治疗方案,研究表明与传统治疗方法相比,间充质干细胞治疗炎症性肠病展现出较佳的疗效。
目的:综述不同来源间充质干细胞治疗炎症性肠病的作用机制,为后续研究提供思路。
方法:以“间充质干细胞,外泌体,炎症性肠病,溃疡性结肠炎,克罗恩病”和“mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs,exosomes,extracellular vesicles,EVs,inflammatory bowel disease,IBD,ulcerative colitis,UC,Crohn’s disease,CD”分别作为中、英文关键词,在中国知网、PubMed数据库进行检索,最终纳入符合标准的89篇文献进行综述。
结果与结论:目前用于治疗炎症性肠病的间充质干细胞共有6类,分别为骨髓间充质干细胞、脂肪间充质干细胞、围产期组织来源间充质干细胞、诱导多能干细胞衍生的间充质干细胞、胚胎干细胞衍生的间充质干细胞、牙龈间充质干细胞。移植方式共有5种,静脉注射和腹腔注射为最常用方式,此外还有局部注射、肠系膜注射、灌肠3种方式。上述间充质干细胞减轻炎症性肠病症状或延缓其进展的主要机制包括分化、再生、抗炎、免疫调节、神经保护、抗氧化应激、归巢、调节肠道菌群、自噬、铁死亡、内质网应激等。不同来源间充质干细胞在功能上有一定相似性,但又具有不同特点,这些特点使它们具有独特优势和治疗潜力。然而,目前对不同来源间充质干细胞特性的研究仍然有限,需要对不同来源间充质干细胞之间的细微差别进行更深入研究,以优化其治疗炎症性肠病的潜力,同时,临床使用安全性也有待进一步观察。
https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3441-3623 (袁潇) 

关键词: 间充质干细胞, 干细胞疗法, 炎症性肠病, 溃疡性结肠炎, 克罗恩病, 机制, 工程化干细胞

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease has been steadily rising, accompanied by a lack of definitive therapeutic strategies. Recent research endeavors have illuminated the promising potential of mesenchymal stem cells in mitigating the symptoms of inflammatory bowel disease, offering a glimmer of hope for afflicted patients.
OBJECTIVE: To review the mechanisms of action of mesenchymal stem cells derived from various sources in the management of inflammatory bowel disease, aiming to provide insights for future research endeavors.
METHODS: Utilizing the keywords “mesenchymal stem cells, MSCs, exosomes, extracellular vesicles, EVs, inflammatory bowel disease, IBD, ulcerative colitis, UC, Crohn’s disease, CD” in English and their Chinese equivalents in CNKI and PubMed databases, a total of 89 eligible articles were selected for this review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Currently, six types of mesenchymal stem cells are being explored for inflammatory bowel disease therapy: bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells, perinatal tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells, embryonic stem cell-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and gingival mesenchymal stem cells. Five administration routes have been adopted, with intravenous and intraperitoneal injections being the most prevalent, followed by local, mesenteric, and intrarectal injections. Their therapeutic mechanisms encompass differentiation, regeneration, anti-inflammatory effects, immune modulation, neuroprotection, antioxidant stress response, homing, modulation of gut microbiota, autophagy, ferroptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress. While sharing functional similarities, mesenchymal stem cells from different sources exhibit unique characteristics that confer them with distinct advantages and therapeutic potentials. Nevertheless, research into the specific properties of these mesenchymal stem cells remains limited, necessitating deeper exploration of their nuanced differences to optimize their therapeutic efficacy in inflammatory bowel disease. Additionally, the clinical safety of mesenchymal stem cells-based therapies warrants further observation and evaluation. 

Key words: ">mesenchymal stem cell, stem cell therapy, inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, mechanism, engineered stem cell

中图分类号: