中国组织工程研究 ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (31): 6661-6666.doi: 10.12307/2025.693

• 干细胞培养与分化 stem cell culture and differentiation • 上一篇    下一篇

纤维连接蛋白对人神经干细胞诱导分化为少突胶质前体细胞的影响

汪兆艳,王  倩,刘卫鹏,杨  辉,栾  佐,屈素清   

  1. 中国人民解放军总医院第六医学中心儿科,北京市  100048
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-21 接受日期:2024-08-21 出版日期:2025-11-08 发布日期:2025-02-20
  • 通讯作者: 屈素清,硕士,主任医师,中国人民解放军总医院第六医学中心儿科,北京市 100048
  • 作者简介:汪兆艳,女,1981年生,吉林省桦甸市人,汉族,2006年北华大学毕业,硕士,副主任技师,主要从事干细胞转化研究。

Effect of fibronectin on differentiation of human neural stem cells into oligodendrocyte precursor cells

Wang Zhaoyan, Wang Qian, Liu Weipeng,Yang Hui, Luan Zuo, Qu Suqing   

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
  • Received:2024-06-21 Accepted:2024-08-21 Online:2025-11-08 Published:2025-02-20
  • Contact: Qu Suqing, MS, Chief physician, Department of Pediatrics, Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
  • About author:Wang Zhaoyan, MS, Associate chief technician, Department of Pediatrics, Sixth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China

摘要:

文题释义:

少突胶质前体细胞:是组成中枢神经系统最重要的细胞之一,不仅可以分化为成熟的少突胶质细胞包绕神经元轴突形成髓鞘,发挥轴突保护作用,还可以与神经元建立突触连接,调控神经活动,目前主要用于治疗脑白质损伤引起的脱髓鞘疾病研究。
神经干细胞:是指存在于中枢神经系统中能自我更新并分化为神经元、星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞的多潜能细胞,神经干细胞在神经发育和神经损伤修复中发挥重要作用。通过神经干细胞移植可以重建神经环路和功能,是修复和替代受损脑组织的有效方法。

摘要
背景:少突胶质前体细胞是治疗脑白质损伤性疾病的种子细胞,建立高效稳定扩增的体外诱导分化方法是实现临床转化研究的重要前提。
目的:探讨纤维连接蛋白对人神经干细胞来源少突胶质前体细胞增殖、迁移和分化等生物学特性的影响。
方法:将悬浮培养的人神经干细胞用Accutase消化成单细胞,通过流式细胞术检测特异性标志物Nestin、Sox2、Vimentin、CD133、Musashi的表达。然后将人神经干细胞单细胞重悬于少突胶质前体细胞培养基,接种于不同质量浓度纤维连接蛋白(0,1,2.5,5,10 μg/mL)包被的6孔板中,培养7 d后Accutase消化进行传代,锥虫蓝染色计数细胞,选择扩增能力最强的纤维连接蛋白包被与未用纤维连接蛋白包被的少突胶质前体细胞进行下一步实验,Transwell小室检测细胞迁移能力,流式细胞术检测Olig2、Sox10、PDGFR-α的表达。将少突胶质前体细胞向少突胶质细胞诱导分化3周,免疫荧光染色检测分化细胞Galc的表达。
结果与结论:①人神经干细胞呈悬浮球状生长,流式细胞术检测结果显示,人神经干细胞高表达Nestin、Sox2、Vimentin、CD133和Musashi;②由人神经干细胞诱导的少突胶质前体细胞的胞体为圆形或椭圆形,折光性强,有双极或三级突起结构;与0 μg/mL纤维连接蛋白包被组比较,2.5,5,10 μg/mL纤维连接蛋白包被组少突胶质前体细胞的扩增能力显著增强(P < 0.05);当纤维连接蛋白质量浓度为10 μg/mL时,少突胶质前体细胞扩增能力最强;③流式细胞术检测结果显示0,10 μg/mL纤维连接蛋白包被组均高表达少突胶质前体细胞标志物Olig2、Sox10和PDGFR-α,两组无统计学差异(P > 0.05);④Transwell小室检测结果显示,与0 μg/mL纤维连接蛋白包被组比较,10 μg/mL纤维连接蛋白包被组少突胶质前体细胞的迁移能力增加(P < 0.01);⑤少突胶质前体细胞向少突胶质细胞分化3周,细胞呈多分支、网格状或膜片样复杂形态,免疫荧光染色结果显示两组少突胶质细胞Galc阳性率无统计学差异(P > 0.05)。结果表明,纤维连接蛋白质量浓度为10 μg/mL时对少突胶质前体细胞的增殖和迁移作用最强,但不影响少突胶质前体细胞特异性标志物Olig2、Sox10和PDGFR-α的表达及其向少突胶质细胞的分化。

关键词: 纤维连接蛋白, 神经干细胞, 少突胶质前体细胞, 少突胶质细胞, 细胞增殖, 细胞分化, 工程化干细胞, 工程化细胞

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Oligodendrocyte precursor cells are seed cells for the treatment of white matter damage diseases. Establishing an efficient and stable in vitro differentiation method is an important prerequisite for clinical translational research. 
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of fibronectin on biological characteristics such as proliferation, migration, and differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells derived from human neural stem cells.
METHODS: Human neural stem cells cultured in suspension were digested into single cells using Accutase. The expression of specific markers Nestin, Sox2, Vimentin, CD133, and Musashi was detected by flow cytometry. The single cells of human neural stem cells were resuspended in oligodendrocyte precursor cell medium and seeded in six-well plates coated with different concentrations of fibronectin (0, 1, 2.5, 5, and 10 μg/mL). Accutase digestion was performed after 7 days of culture. Cells were counted by trypan staining. Fibronectin-coated group with the strongest amplification ability and the oligodendrocyte precursor cells without fibronectin-coated group were selected for further tests. The migration ability of the two groups of cells was detected by Transwell. Flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of Olig2, Sox10, and PDGFR-α. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells were induced to differentiate into oligodendrocytes for 3 weeks, and the expression of Galc in differentiated cells was detected by immunofluorescence staining. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Human neural stem cells grew in suspension spheres. Flow cytometry showed that human neural stem cells highly expressed Nestin, Sox2, Vimentin, CD133, and Musashi. (2) The cell bodies of oligodendrocyte precursor cells induced by human neural stem cells were round or oval, with strong refractive nature and bipolar or tertiary protrusions. Compared with the 0 μg/mL fibronectin coating group, there was a significant difference in the amplification ability of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the 2.5, 5, and 10 μg/mL fibronectin coating groups (P < 0.05). The amplification ability of oligodendrocyte precursor cells was the strongest when the fibronectin concentration was 10 μg/mL. (3) Flow cytometry results showed that the oligodendrocyte precursor cell markers Olig2, Sox10, and PDGFR-α were highly expressed in the 0 and 10 μg/mL fibronectin coating groups, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). (4) Transwell chamber assay results showed that compared with the 0 μg/mL fibronectin-coated group, the migration ability of oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the 10 μg/mL fibronectin-coated group was increased (P < 0.01). (5) After 3 weeks of differentiation into oligodendrocytes, oligodendrocyte precursor cells showed complex morphology with multiple branches, grids or membrane sheets. Immunofluorescence staining results showed that there was no statistical difference in the Galc positive rate of oligodendrocytes between the two groups (P > 0.05). These findings indicate that when the concentration of fibronectin coated well plate is 10 μg/mL, the proliferation and migration of oligodendrocyte precursor cells are the strongest, but it does not affect the expression of oligodendrocyte precursor cells-specific markers Olig2, Sox10, and PDGFR-α and their differentiation into oligodendrocytes. 

Key words: fibronectin, neural stem cell, oligodendrocyte precursor cell, oligodendrocyte, cell proliferation, cell differentiation, engineered stem cell, engineered cell

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