中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2010, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (12): 2221-2224.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.12.033

• 生物材料学术探讨 biomaterial academic discussion • 上一篇    下一篇

人工韧带重建与膝关节前交叉韧带的运动损伤

李君芳   

  1. 郑州大学体育学院，河南省郑州市   450044
  • 出版日期:2010-03-19 发布日期:2010-03-19
  • 作者简介:李君芳，女，1971年生，河南省郑州市人，汉族，2000年河南中医学院毕业，讲师，主要从事运动医学研究。 Lijf71@126.com

Artificial ligament reconstruction and movement injury to anterior cruciate ligament of the knee joint

Li Jun-fang   

  1. College of Physical Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou   450044, Henan Province, China
  • Online:2010-03-19 Published:2010-03-19
  • About author:Li Jun-fang, Lecturer, College of Physical Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450044, Henan Province, China Lijf71@126.com

PDF

759

被引次数

23

摘要：

目的：总结膝关节前交叉韧带的结构、功能，损伤的力学机制和特点及其缺损后的人工韧带重建研究现状，为人工韧带的临床应用提供依据。
方法：以“膝关节，前交叉韧带，人工韧带，重建”为关键词，用计算机检索维普数据库和Medline 数据库，按纳入和排除标准，对文献进行筛选，共纳入31篇文章。重点对以下3个方面进行了探讨：①前交叉韧带的结构和功能？②前交叉韧带运动损伤机制和特点？③前交叉韧带运动缺损后人工韧带的重建？
结果：前交叉韧带由胶原纤维组成，对膝关节的内旋和胫骨的伸直活动起稳定性作用，限制胫骨前移及过度伸展，对膝内侧的稳定、膝伸直位时胫骨旋转活动限制作用。在一些扭转、斜切、急停等动作较多的运动中容易发生损伤，诸多研究表明LARS 人工韧带重建前交叉韧带效果与其他移植物相比具有显著优势。
结论：前交叉韧带在膝关节的稳定当中起着重要作用，但也是极易发生损伤的部位。当前对于前交叉韧带缺损的治疗比较认可的方法是LARS人工交叉韧带重建。它具有创伤小、早期即可从事运动等优势，同时也存在医疗费用高等不足。

关键词: 人工韧带, 前交叉韧带, 膝关节, 重建, 组织工程

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To summary the structure and function of anterior cruciate ligament of the knee joint, damaged mechanics and features, present research of artificial ligament reconstruction following damage, and to provide evidences for clinical application of artificial ligament.
METHODS: The key words were “knee joint, anterior cruciate ligament, artificial ligament, reconstruction”. We retrieved Vip database and Medline database. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, the literatures were screened, and finally 31 articles were included. The following 3 aspects were discussed: ①structure and function of anterior cruciate ligament; ②mechanism and features of athletic injury of the anterior cruciate ligament; ③reconstruction of artificial ligament following athletics damage to the anterior cruciate ligament.
RESULTS: The anterior cruciate ligament is composed of collagen fiber, and plays an important role in intorsion of the knee joint and straigh activity of tibia, limits tibial antedisplacement and excessive extension, and limits stability of medial knee and tibial rotation activity when knee strengthened. Damage was easily found in movements such as torsion, beveling and scram. Numerous studies have demonstrated that the outcomes of LARS artificial ligament reconstruction for anterior cruciate ligament have significant dominance compared with other grafts.
CONCLUSION: Anterior cruciate ligament exhibits a major effect on stability of the knee joint, but it is region that can be easily damaged. A approved method for treating damage to anterior cruciate ligament is LARS artificial cruciate ligament reconstruction. This method is characterized by small wound, movement in early period, but the medical cost is relatively high.

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