中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (17): 4446-4456.doi: 10.12307/2026.177

• 组织构建综述 tissue construction review • 上一篇    下一篇

线粒体自噬、铁死亡、铜死亡与双硫死亡在帕金森病中的作用机制

于  乐1,南淞华1,史子剑1,和琪琪1,李振家1,崔应麟 2   

  1. 1河南中医药大学,河南省郑州市   450000;2河南省中医院,河南省郑州市   450000

  • 收稿日期:2025-06-27 接受日期:2025-08-28 出版日期:2026-06-18 发布日期:2025-12-03
  • 通讯作者: 崔应麟,主任医师,博士研究生导师,第二届全国名中医,河南省中医院,河南省郑州市 450000
  • 作者简介:于乐,男,2000年生,2023年河南中医药大学毕业,硕士,主要从事中医元气学说文献研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(81573919),项目负责人:崔应麟;国家中医药管理局中医药科学技术研究专项课题(GZY-KJS-2021-017),项目负责人:崔应麟;河南省重点研发专项项目(221111310500),项目负责人:崔应麟;河南省科技攻关项目(252102311014,252102310031,242102311066),项目负责人:崔应麟

Mechanisms underlying mitophagy, ferroptosis, cuproptosis, and disulfidptosis in Parkinson’s disease

Yu Le1, Nan Songhua1, Shi Zijian1, He Qiqi1, Li Zhenjia1, Cui Yinglin2   

  1. 1Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China; 2Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2025-06-27 Accepted:2025-08-28 Online:2026-06-18 Published:2025-12-03
  • Contact: Cui Yinglin, Chief physician, Doctoral supervisor, Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
  • About author:Yu Le, MS, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81573919 (to CYL); Special Research Project on Traditional Chinese Medicine Science and Technology of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. GZY-KJS-2021-017 (to CYL); Henan Province Key Research and Development Special Project, No. 221111310500 (to CYL); Henan Provincial Science and Technology Key Projects, Nos. 252102311014, 252102310031, and 242102311066 (to CYL)

摘要:


文题释义:
帕金森病:一种以黑质多巴胺能神经元进行性丢失和α-突触核蛋白异常聚集为特征的神经退行性疾病,临床表现为运动迟缓、静止性震颤和肌强直。
铜死亡:由过量铜离子触发的新型程序性死亡方式,特征为硫辛酰化修饰蛋白寡聚化和Fe-S簇蛋白降解,独立于凋亡、铁死亡等已知途径。

背景:作为神经系统退行性病变的典型代表,帕金森病具有多因素致病特性。在细胞程序性死亡领域,近年来涌现出若干新型分子机制,包括但不限于线粒体选择性自噬过程、铁依赖性细胞死亡现象、铜离子介导的细胞凋亡途径以及二硫键异常导致的细胞损伤模式。研究表明,这些病理学改变不仅参与帕金森病典型临床症状的形成过程,更与疾病发展阶段呈现显著相关性。虽然现有文献已证实上述机制在神经元功能损害中发挥重要作用,但对于各通路间交互作用的具体分子基础,仍存在诸多亟待解决的科学问题。
目的:综述新型程序性细胞死亡模式(线粒体自噬、铁死亡、铜死亡和双硫死亡)的分子机制及各机制交互与协同效应在帕金森病中的作用,探讨新型程序性细胞死亡模式在帕金森病发病过程中的潜在影响及治疗前景。
方法:以“Parkinson’s disease,mitophagy,ferroptosis,disulfidptosis,cuproptosis,apoptosis,necroptosis,pyroptosis”为英文检索词,以“帕金森病,线粒体自噬,铁死亡,双硫死亡,铜死亡,凋亡,坏死性凋亡,细胞焦亡”为中文检索词,由第一作者应用计算机检索2015-2025年中国知网和PubMed数据库收录的文献,排除与研究内容不相符、过时及重复的文献,共检索出1 368篇相关文章,最终纳入87篇文章进行综述分析。
结果与结论:①新型细胞程序性死亡线粒体自噬、铁死亡、铜死亡、双硫死亡作为维持细胞正常更新和内环境稳态的必要调节途径,是目前生命科学的热门研究领域;②线粒体自噬是一种选择性自噬过程,能够清除受损的线粒体,从而维持帕金森病中神经元内的线粒体稳态,在调控神经元健康和功能中起着至关重要的作用;③铁死亡是一种新型的程序性细胞死亡,其特征是铁的积累和脂质过氧化,能够通过胱氨酸/谷氨酸、铁代谢及多不饱和脂肪酸等多种途径调控帕金森病;④铜死亡作为一种新发现的细胞死亡方式,铜螯合剂、热休克蛋白在调节α-突触核蛋白聚集和细胞存活方面的作用,可能为帕金森病的治疗提供新的靶点;⑤双硫死亡与α-突触核蛋白的聚集存在关联,而这种聚集被认为是帕金森病的一个重要特征,其在帕金森病中的具体作用尚待进一步研究;⑥各种细胞死亡机制在帕金森病中的交互协同作用(如Fe/Cu协同调控帕金森病)在未来具有巨大潜力。

https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4491-1741 (于乐) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:干细胞;骨髓干细胞;造血干细胞;脂肪干细胞;肿瘤干细胞;胚胎干细胞;脐带脐血干细胞;干细胞诱导;干细胞分化;组织工程

关键词: 帕金森病, 线粒体自噬, 铁死亡, 铜死亡, 双硫死亡, 细胞死亡

Abstract: BACKGROUND: As a typical representative of neurodegenerative diseases, Parkinson’s disease manifests with an intricate web of pathogenic attributes. In the field of programmed cell death, several novel molecular mechanisms have been unveiled in recent years, including but not limited to mitochondrial selective autophagy, iron-dependent cell death, copper ion-mediated apoptosis, and cell damage patterns caused by aberrant disulfide bonds. Studies have indicated that these pathological changes not only contribute to the development of typical clinical symptoms in Parkinson’s disease but also exhibit significant correlations with disease progression. From this, it becomes apparent through scholarly works that these mechanisms exert pivotal roles in neuronal dysfunction manifestation. However, uncharted scientific inquiries regarding detailed interactions at the molecular level among these interconnected pathways need to be solved urgently.
OBJECTIVE: To review the molecular mechanisms of novel forms of programmed cell death (mitophagy, ferroptosis, cuproptosis, and disulfidptosis) and the roles of their interactions and synergistic effects in Parkinson’s disease, and to explore the potential impact and therapeutic prospects of these novel forms of programmed cell death in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease.
METHODS: The first author conducted a computer-based search of literature indexed in the CNKI and PubMed databases from 2015 to 2025 using the keywords of “Parkinson’s disease, mitophagy, ferroptosis, disulfidptosis, cuproptosis, apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis” in Chinese and English, respectively. Literature that is inconsistent with the research content, outdated, or duplicative was excluded. A total of 1 368 relevant articles were retrieved, and 87 articles were ultimately included in the review analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The new types of programmed cell death, including mitophagy, ferroptosis, cuproptosis, and disulfidptosis, are essential regulatory pathways for maintaining normal cellular renewal and homeostasis, making them a currently hot research area in life sciences. (2) Mitophagy is a selective autophagic process that can clear damaged mitochondria, thereby maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis in neuronal cells during Parkinson’s disease, and playing a crucial role in regulating neuronal health and function. (3) Ferroptosis is a novel form of programmed cell death characterized by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation, which can regulate Parkinson’s disease through various pathways, including cystine/glutamate, iron metabolism, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. (4) Cuproptosis, as a newly discovered mode of cell death, involves the role of copper chelators and heat shock proteins in regulating α-synuclein aggregation and cell survival, potentially providing new targets for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. (5) Disulfidptosis is associated with the aggregation of α-synuclein, which is considered an important feature of Parkinson’s disease. Its specific role in Parkinson’s disease requires further research. (6) The interactive and synergistic effects of various cell death mechanisms in Parkinson’s disease (such as Fe/Cu synergistic regulation of Parkinson’s disease) hold great potential for the future.


Key words: Parkinson’s disease, mitophagy, ferroptosis, cuproptosis, disulfidptosis, cell death 

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