中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2010, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (21): 3919-3922.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.21.028

• 生物材料学术探讨 biomaterial academic discussion • 上一篇    下一篇

膝关节韧带损伤与人工韧带研究进展

王  枫   

  1. 河南理工大学体育学院，河南省焦作市  454000
  • 出版日期:2010-05-21 发布日期:2010-05-21
  • 作者简介:王 枫★，男，1975年生，甘肃省武威市人，汉族，2007年北京体育大学毕业，硕士，主要从事运动训练与体育康复保健学的研究。

Knee ligament injury and artificial ligament

Wang Feng   

  1. College of Physical Education, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo   454000, Henan Province, China
  • Online:2010-05-21 Published:2010-05-21
  • About author:Wang Feng★, Master, College of Physical Education, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan Province, China

PDF

715

被引次数

13

摘要：

目的：对人工材料干预膝关节韧带康复与治疗的手段进行分类与归纳，对膝关节损伤后人工生物材料干预下的康复与治疗手段与机制进行探讨，并对其目前面临的研究难点及重点进行总结。
方法：作者应用计算机检索PubMed数据库(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed)及CNKI数据库(www.cnki.net/index. htm)，在标题和摘要中以“膝关节，韧带”或“Knee，ligament”为检索词进行检索。选择文章内容与膝关节韧带治疗手段、材料学特点、生物相容性及其应用效果相关，同一领域文献则选择近期发表或发表在权威杂志文章。共纳入22篇文献。
结果：组织工程学前交叉韧带人工韧带是目前研究的热点方向，人们在支架材料的选择和构建的具体方法，种子细胞的分离和培养方法，细胞因子和表面修饰的应用等方面做了大量的研究，目前在生物力学上和体外实验上都获得了比较好的效果，但是仍然存在相当多的疑问。随着细胞生物学和分子生物学方法和技术的进步，肌腱韧带损伤修复的研究进入了崭新阶段，也取得了巨大的进展。组织工程学的兴起，为韧带提供了一条有效的途径。
结论：在膝关节前、后交叉韧带重建中，自体移植物仍是目前最佳选择，但是人工韧带也展示出了其特有的优势。虽然目前人工韧带还存在不足之处，还不是理想的移植物，不能完全代替交叉韧带，但是人工韧带为前、后交叉韧带重建的确提供了一种选择，是交叉韧带重建进展史中重要的一步。

关键词: 膝关节, 韧带, 力学, 人工韧带, 进展

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To classify and summarize the approaches of artificial materials for rehabilitation and treatment of knee ligament injury, to investigate biological material rehabilitation intervention and treatment means of artificial knee injury and the underlying mechanisms, as well as the research focuses.
METHODS: A computer search of PubMed database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed) and CNKI database (www.cnki.net/index.htm) was performed by the first author, using “knee joints, ligaments” in Chinese or “Knee, ligament” in English as key words in the titles and abstracts. Articles related to knee ligament treatment approach, materials science characteristics, biocompatibility and its application effect were included, these articles recently published or published in the authorized magazine were preferred for the same field. Totally 28 literatures were included.
RESULTS: The anterior cruciate ligament tissue engineering is the hotspots of current study, a large number of researches have been conducted regarding the choice and construction methods of scaffold materials, the isolation and culture methods of seed cells, and the application of cell factor and surface modification. Now in vitro experiments and biomechanical experiments have achieved good results, but there are still a lot of questions. With advancements in the cell biology and molecular biology methods and technology, tendon ligament injury repair has processed into a new stage, also achieving great progress. The rise of tissue engineering provides an effective way for ligament.
CONCLUSION: In anterior and posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, autologous graft is still the best choice, but the artificial ligament also demonstrates its unique advantages. Although artificial ligament has deficiencies and is not ideal enough to completely replace the cruciate ligament, artificial ligament really provides a choice for anterior and posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction, it is an important step in the history of cruciate ligament reconstruction.

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