中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2010, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (21): 3878-3882.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.21.018

• 生物材料学术探讨 biomaterial academic discussion • 上一篇    下一篇

生物材料在重建运动性交叉韧带损伤中的应用

杨洪涛1，郎明媚2，赵乾琦3，王向东1，潘佳彬1   

  1. 1河北科技师范学院体育系，河北省秦皇岛市  066004；   2河北建材职业技术学院体育教学部,河北省秦皇岛市 066004；3河北体育学院体育教育系，河北省石家庄市  050041
  • 出版日期:2010-05-21 发布日期:2010-05-21
  • 作者简介:杨洪涛★，男，1978年生，河北省秦皇岛市人，汉族，2001年河北体育学院毕业，硕士，讲师，主要从事体育教学与体质健康的研究。 mabaoling528@163.com

Application of biological materials in the reconstruction of cruciate ligament injuries

Yang Hong-tao1, Lang Ming-mei2, Zhao Qian-qi 3, Wang Xiang-dong1, Pan Jia-bin1   

  1. 1 Department of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, Qinhuangdao   066004, Hebei Province, China; 2 Department of Physical Education, Hebei Vocational and Technical College of Building Materials, Qinhuangdao   066004, Hebei Province, China; 3 Department of Physical Education, Hebei Institute of Physical Education Shijiazhuang  050041, Hebei Province, China
  • Online:2010-05-21 Published:2010-05-21
  • About author:Yang Hong-tao★, Master, Lecturer, Department of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, Qinhuangdao 066004, Hebei Province, China mabaoling528@163.com

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摘要：

目的：总结重建膝关节交叉韧带的研究进展，强调膝关节的损伤类型，膝关节交叉韧带重建的主要生物材料及研究进展。
方法：以“重建交叉韧带、生物材料、人工韧带、组织工程”为中文关键词；以:“ cruciate ligament, LARS artificial ligament, ligament reconstruction” 为英文关键词，采用计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库、PubMed数据库(1993-01/2010-02）相关文章。纳入与有关生物材料、重建交叉韧带、人工韧带、组织工程相关的文章；排除重复研究或Meta分析类文章。以30篇文献为主重点进行了讨论重建膝关节交叉韧带的生物材料的种类及其性能。
结果：首先对膝关节损伤进行分析得知，常见的膝关节损伤主要是韧带损伤，为恢复其功能主要采用手术重建。其次对重建膝关节韧带的主要材料进行分析得知，生物材料在重建膝关节交叉韧带具有良好的应用前景，但在实际运用中，必须分析各种生物材料的特点，扬长避短。合成材料人工韧带由于组织相容性差、材料疲劳引起断裂导致失败；自体移植物常出现供体采集部位的并发症以及固定问题；同种异体移植物常出现疾病传播、免疫反应、延迟愈合、感染等；应用组织细胞分化和调节因子时，应将种子的分离培养，支架材料的选择和构建，以及辅以细胞因子和表面修饰这三者有机的融合起来，才能达到良好的效果。                                                                       
结论：对重建膝关节韧带的主要材料进行分析是治疗膝关节损伤及疾病的基础。

关键词: 交叉韧带损伤, 生物材料, 组织工程, 运动, 重建

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the research progress of reconstructing the cruciate ligaments of knee joint, and to emphasize the type of knee injury, main biological materials and research progress of knee ligament reconstruction.
METHODS: Using “cruciate ligament reconstruction, biological materials, artificial ligaments, tissue engineering” as the Chinese keywords, “cruciate ligament, LARS artificial ligament, ligament reconstruction” as the English keywords, a computer search was performed on China Academic Full-text Journal and PubMed database between January 1993 and February 2010. Inclusive criteria: articles related to the biological materials, cruciate ligament reconstruction, artificial ligaments, and tissue engineering; exclusive criteria: repeated study or Meta analysis articles were excluded. A total of 35 articles with the main focus to discuss the types and properties of biological materials applied in knee cruciate ligament reconstruction.
RESULTS: Through the analysis of knee injury, the common knee damage is mainly ligament injury, and surgical reconstruction is the predominant approach to restore its function. Secondly, after the main materials of the knee cruciate ligament reconstruction are analyzed, biological materials are proved to exhibit a good application prospect in knee ligament reconstruction, but we must analyze the characteristics of various biological materials and make use of their advantages in practice. The synthetic material artificial ligament may lead to a failure because of poor histocompatibility and fatigue-caused fracture; autologous grafts often exhibit complications at the donor site and fixation problem; allografts always exhibit propagation of diseases, immune response, delayed healing and infection, etc.; to achieve good results during tissue cell differentiation and factor regulation, we should integrate the separation and culture of the seeds, the choice and construction of the scaffold materials, and supplementing cytokines and surface modification together.
CONCLUSION: The analysis of the major materials for knee ligament reconstruction is the basis of treating knee joint injury and disease.

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