Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2020, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (20): 3152-3156.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2610

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Establishment and evaluation of a cadaveric model of chronic strain-induced upper cervical spine instability based on fascia-bone theory

Liang Long1, Yu Jie1, 2, Wei Xu1, 2, Zhou Shuaiqi1, 3, Yin Xunlu1, 2, Liu Guangwei2, Xie Rui1, Xie Rong1, 3, Zhuang Minghui1, Zhu Liguo1, 2, Feng Minshan1, 2   

  1. 1Second Department of Spine, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, China; 2Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Bone Setting, Beijing 100102, China; 3Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
  • Received:2019-08-29 Revised:2019-08-31 Accepted:2019-10-24 Online:2020-07-18 Published:2020-04-13
  • Contact: Zhu Liguo, MD, Professor, Second Department of Spine, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Bone Setting, Beijing 100102, China Feng Minshan, MD, Chief physician, Second Department of Spine, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of TCM Bone Setting, Beijing 100102, China
  • About author:Liang Long, MD candidate, Physician, Second Department of Spine, Wangjing Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100102, China
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81173279  and 81774330; the National Science and Technology Support Program, No. 2014BAI08B06; Special Research Project of the Chinese Medicine Industry, No. 201107004; Horizontal Project, No. HZL2017001; “Thirteenth Five-Year” Specific Scientific Research Project of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. ZZ10-022; Science and Technology Innovation Team of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, No. YS1304; a granted by China Scholarship Council, No. 201908110307

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Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Studies regarding the instability of upper cervical spine in cadaveric specimens are mostly based on an acute violence model, and there is still no chronic strain-induced upper cervical instability model.

OBJECTIVE: To construct and evaluate the cadaveric model of the upper cervical spine instability caused by chronic strain according to the theory of “fascia and bone.”

METHODS: Nine fresh cadaveric cervical spine specimens were prepared and the normal vertebral range of motion was detected by Motion Analysis Motion Capture System. The upper cervical spine instability model was constructed by using BOSE dynamic fatigue testing machine with maximum flexion, extension and rotation fatigue loading. Then, the vertebral range of motion was tested again. The anterior flexion, posterior extension, left flexion, right flexion, left and right rotation of the occipitoatlantoaxial joint, the atlantoaxial joint and the whole upper cervical spine were compared before and after modeling. The implementation of the study protocol complied with the relevant ethical requirements of Southern Medical University, and the specimens were voluntarily donated.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) During anterior flexion, the range of motion of the atlantoaxial joint (C1-2) and the entire upper cervical vertebra (C0-2) of the specimens after modeling was significantly larger than that before modeling (P < 0.05). During posterior extension, the range of motion of the atlantooccipital joint (C0-1) and the entire upper cervical vertebra (C0-2) of the specimens after modeling was significantly larger than that before modeling (P < 0.05). During both flexion and extension, the range of motion of the atlantoaxial joint (C1-2) and the entire upper cervical vertebra (C0-2) of the specimens after modeling was significantly larger than that of the pre-modeling specimen (P < 0.05). (2) During lateral flexion, the range of motion of the atlantooccipital joint (C0-1), the atlantoaxial joint (C1-2), and the entire upper cervical vertebra (C0-2) of the specimens after modeling was increased compared with that before modeling. However, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05). (3) During right rotation, the range of motion of the whole upper cervical spine (C0-2) of the specimens after modeling was significantly increased compared with that before modeling (P < 0.05). During both left and right rotation, the range of motion of the atlantoaxial joint (C1-2) and the whole upper cervical spine (C0-2) of the specimens was significantly larger than that of the specimens before modeling (P < 0.05). Therefore, this model can be used to reflect the state of upper cervical instability caused by chronic strain.

Key words: the upper cervical instability, chronic strain, modeling, range of motion, fascia and bone

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