Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Only about 70% of acute leukemia can be classified correctly by traditional morphological classification, simple FAB classification has not met the clinical requirements.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic value and prognostic significance of morphology, immunological classification, fusion gene, chromosome in acute leukemia M2 (AML-M2) patients.
METHODS: A total of 76 AML-M2 patients, comprising 40 males and 36 females, who were received treatment, were enrolled from First Affiliated Hospital of Xijiang Medical University. The expression of AML1/ETO fusion gene was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technology, karyotype analysis and flow cytometry immunological classification were detected by R-band method, morphology, immunological classification, fusion gene, chromosome were used to examine, continuously observe, and periodically inspect hemogram and other felated inspection. The diagnostic value and prognostical factors were analyzed by the prediction of clear diagnosis or coefficient diagnosis, recurrence with or without the relevant checks.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Six patients in 76 cases were not easily classified by morphology. Morphology combined with immunological classification, fusion gene, chromosome can be examined definitely. The myeloid antigen expression has higher remission rate than the stem-ancestor antigen expression. There are across expression by CD19 antigen expression and some acute leukemia antigen expression which has a good prognosing. Seven cases with CD7 antigen expression were completely relieved, and may be more inclined to differentiate into mature cells. The cases which have pure t (8, 21), positive fusion gene have a better prognosis and higher remission rate. The combination of morphology, immunological classification, fusion gene and chromosome can increase diagnosis accuracy and predicting prognosis of AML M2 patients.