Preparation of Cu2+-containing microarc oxidation functional coating on medical magnesium alloy and its anti-tumor and angiogenesis-promoting effects

doi:10.12307/2026.330

Abstract

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Medical magnesium alloys are widely used as surgical implants for osteosarcoma due to their excellent biocompatibility. However, magnesium alloys degrade rapidly in the human body, which limits their clinical application. Therefore, functional implant materials are urgently needed to solve the problems of surgical treatment of osteosarcoma and local bone function reconstruction.
OBJECTIVE: To prepare a microarc oxidation coating containing Cu2+ on the surface of magnesium alloy and characterize the anti-tumor and angiogenesis-promoting effects of the material.
METHODS: (1) Magnesium alloy (the mass ratio of magnesium to zinc in the alloy is 94:6) was prepared by semi-solid powder molding technology. Microarc oxidation coatings containing Cu2+ were prepared on the surface of magnesium alloy using silicate containing copper acetate with different mass concentrations (0.26, 0.32, and 0.38 g/L) as electrolyte. The mass fraction of Cu2+ in the coating was 0.30%, 0.34%, and 0.69%, respectively. The morphology, thickness, microhardness and corrosion resistance of the coating were characterized. The magnesium alloy simply loaded with miroarc oxidation coating was used as the control. (2) The extract of control magnesium alloy and the extract of magnesium alloy loaded with microarc oxidation coating containing Cu2+ were mixed with rat arterial blood, and the hemolysis rate was detected. Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were inoculated on the surface of magnesium alloy loaded with microarc oxidation coating and magnesium alloy loaded with microarc oxidation coating containing Cu2+, and the cell adhesion was detected. Rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were co-cultured with the extract of control magnesium alloy and the extract of magnesium alloy loaded with microarc oxidation coating containing Cu2+, and the cell proliferation rate was detected. (3) Rat osteosarcoma cells UMR-106 were co-cultured with the extract of control magnesium alloy and the extract of magnesium alloy loaded with microarc oxidation coating containing Cu2+, and the cell proliferation rate was detected. UMR-106 cells were inoculated on the surface of control magnesium alloy and magnesium alloy loaded with microarc oxidation coating containing Cu2+, and the cell adhesion was detected. The culture supernatant of UMR-106 cells was used as tumor conditioned medium. In the presence of (or without) tumor conditioned medium, rat vascular endothelial cells were co-cultured with extracts of control magnesium alloy and extracts of magnesium alloy loaded with microarc oxidation coating containing Cu2+, respectively, and the cell proliferation rate and angiogenesis were detected.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Cu2+ reduced the porosity, pore size, and corrosion rate of the surface of magnesium alloy loaded with microarc oxidation coating, and increased the surface microhardness of magnesium alloy loaded with microarc oxidation coating. (2) CCK-8 assay results showed that when the mass fraction of Cu2+ in the coating was 0.30% and 0.34%, the relative proliferation rate of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was greater than 80%, which met the implantation standard of biosafety materials. The hemolysis rate of magnesium alloy loaded with coating was less than 5%, which had good blood compatibility. With the increase of Cu2+ mass concentration in the coating, the number of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells adhered to the surface of magnesium alloy decreased. (3) With the increase of Cu2+ mass fraction in the coating, the relative proliferation rate and adhesion number of UMR-106 cells on the surface of magnesium alloy decreased. In the absence and addition of tumor conditioned medium, when the mass fraction of Cu2+ was 0.30% and 0.34%, the relative proliferation rate and angiogenesis ability of rat vascular endothelial cells on the surface of magnesium alloy were good. The results show that magnesium alloy loaded with microarc oxidation coating containing an appropriate amount of Cu2+ has good anti-tumor and pro-angiogenesis effects.

Key words: medical magnesium alloy, microarc oxidation, containing Cu2+ coating, bone defect, anti-tumor, angiogenesis, bone implant

CLC Number:

Lin Kejian, Chai Yinghong, Zou Jie, Huang Ruixin, Fang Yongchao, Huang Jing, Yang Qin, Luo Xia, Zhang Hong. Preparation of Cu2+-containing microarc oxidation functional coating on medical magnesium alloy and its anti-tumor and angiogenesis-promoting effects[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2026, 30(20): 5103-5114.

Figures/Tables 14

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