Repair of calvarial defects in osteoporotic mice by adipose-derived stem cells combined with biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic scaffold

doi:10.12307/2022.015

Abstract

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Researches have shown that biphasic calcium phosphate can be used as an effective bone substitute for the repair of critical-size defects in animal models with osteoporosis, and osteoporosis adipose-derived stem cells (OP-ASCs) is promising for medical applications in patients with osteoporotic fractures and its secondary bone defects. The previous research results of the research group showed that compared with normal adipose-derived stem cells, the in vitro proliferation and osteogenic differentiation potential of OP-ASCs from osteoporosis mice were obviously reduced.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of OP-ASCs combined with biphasic calcium phosphate on the repair of calvarial critical-size defects in osteoporotic mice.
METHODS: Eighteen C57BL/6 female mice were divided into three groups randomly: blank group, biphasic calcium phosphate group, and OP-ASCs/biphasic calcium phosphate group. The models of osteoporosis with calvarial critical-size defects were established in each group, and then the blank group was not implanted with materials. The biphasic calcium phosphate and OP-ASCs/biphasic calcium phosphate groups were implanted with biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic scaffolds only, and OP-ASCs/biphasic calcium phosphate admixtures separately. The mice were sacrificed at the 8 (n=3) and 12 (n=3) weeks. The differences in bone formation at the calvarial defects were detected by micro-CT, hematoxylin-eosin staining, and Masson Trichrome staining.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) There was a small amount of bone formation in the blank group both at 8 and 12 weeks after implantation, and the new bone tissue grown well in both the biphasic calcium phosphate group and the OP-ASCs/biphasic calcium phosphate group; the OP-ASCs/biphasic calcium phosphate group achieved more bone formation than that of the biphasic calcium phosphate group (P < 0.05). (2) Compared with that at 8 weeks, both the biphasic calcium phosphate group and the OP-ASCs/biphasic calcium phosphate group showed more bone formation at 12 weeks (P < 0.05), and the difference of bone formation between the OP-ASCs/biphasic calcium phosphate group and the biphasic calcium phosphate group was more obvious than that at 8 weeks (P < 0.05). (3) To conclude, OP-ASCs combined with biphasic calcium phosphate could repair the calvarial critical-size defects in osteoporosis mice effectively to some extent, and the effect is better than that of the biphasic calcium phosphate used alone.

Key words: adipose stem cells, osteoporosis, ovariectomy, explants culture method, biphasic calcium phosphate, skull, critical-size defect, bone tissue engineering

CLC Number:

Jing Jin, Zhao Shandi, Chen Long, Peng Shuanglin, Tang Hui, Guo Daijin, Zeng Xinyi, Xiao Jingang. Repair of calvarial defects in osteoporotic mice by adipose-derived stem cells combined with biphasic calcium phosphate ceramic scaffold[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2022, 26(1): 90-95.

Figures/Tables 3

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