中国组织工程研究 ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (14): 3687-3693.doi: 10.12307/2026.028

• 生物材料综述 biomaterial review • 上一篇    下一篇

水凝胶:从运动损伤治疗到运动表现增强的多功能效应

张  帅,朱佳滨   

  1. 哈尔滨体育学院,黑龙江省哈尔滨市   150006
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-24 接受日期:2025-04-07 出版日期:2026-05-18 发布日期:2025-09-12
  • 通讯作者: 朱佳滨,教授,哈尔滨体育学院,黑龙江省哈尔滨市 150006
  • 作者简介:张帅,男,1987年生,江苏省徐州市人,汉族,博士,主要从事体育教育训练学及运动材料研发研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金年度项目(22BTY082),项目参与人:张帅

Hydrogels: multifunctional effects from sports injury treatment to sports performance enhancement

Zhang Shuai, Zhu Jiabin   

  1. Harbin Sport University, Harbin 150006, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Received:2025-01-24 Accepted:2025-04-07 Online:2026-05-18 Published:2025-09-12
  • Contact: Zhu Jiabin, Professor, Harbin Sport University, Harbin 150006, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Shuai, MD, Harbin Sport University, Harbin 150006, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Social Science Fund Annual Project, No. 22BTY082 (to ZS)

摘要:

文题释义:
水凝胶:是一类由亲水性聚合物链嵌入富水环境形成的3D网络,具有广泛可调的物理和化学性质。
生物相容性:是指材料在与生物体接触时不引发有害反应、不引起免疫排斥或毒性作用的特性。

背景:水凝胶材料因优异的高水合性、生物相容性、自愈合能力和可调性,在运动损伤修复、运动监测和柔性电子设备等方面展现出独特的应用前景。
目的:综述水凝胶的基本特性与分类以及在运动损伤中的应用现状。
方法:检索PubMed、中国知网、万方数据库及维普数据库,英文检索词为“Hydrogel materials,Athletic sports,Flexible sensors,Wearable devices,Sports injuries,Sports performance”,中文检索词为“水凝胶材料,竞技体育,柔性传感器,可穿戴设备,运动损伤,运动表现”。
结果与结论:水凝胶根据交联方式可分为物理交联水凝胶和化学交联水凝胶,根据来源可分为天然水凝胶和合成水凝胶,根据响应特性可分为传统水凝胶和智能水凝胶。自愈水凝胶具有良好的自修复能力,能够在运动损伤发生后自动修复,减少二次损伤,提升治疗效果。智能水凝胶能够根据外部刺激改变其性能,适应不同的使用需求,在运动监测和辅助治疗中表现出较好的应用前景。水凝胶在柔性电子设备中的应用,为实时数据采集和运动员的健康监控提供了新的技术路径。尽管如此,当前水凝胶在运动损伤领域的应用仍面临一些技术难题,例如材料的力学性能、耐久性及大规模生产等问题。随着技术的不断进步和创新,水凝胶材料将在提升运动表现、促进运动康复、延长设备使用寿命及提高运动安全性等方面发挥越来越重要的作用。
https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2047-7403 (张帅) 

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点:生物材料;骨生物材料;口腔生物材料;纳米材料;缓释材料;材料相容性;组织工程

关键词: 水凝胶材料, 柔性传感器, 可穿戴设备, 运动损伤, 运动表现

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Hydrogel materials have shown unique application prospects in sports injury repair, sports monitoring, and flexible electronic devices due to their excellent high hydration, biocompatibility, self-healing ability, and adjustability.
OBJECTIVE: To review the basic properties and classification of hydrogels and their current application in sports injuries. 
METHODS: PubMed, CNKI, WanFang, and VIP databases were searched with Chinese and English search terms “hydrogel materials, athletic sports, flexible sensors, wearable devices, sports injuries, sports performance.” 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Hydrogels can be divided into physical cross-linked hydrogels and chemical cross-linked hydrogels according to the cross-linking mode, natural hydrogels and synthetic hydrogels according to the source, and traditional hydrogels and smart hydrogels according to the response characteristics. Self-healing hydrogels have good self-healing ability and can automatically repair after sports injuries, reduce secondary injuries, and improve the treatment effect. Smart hydrogels can change their properties according to external stimuli and adapt to different usage requirements, showing good application prospects in sports monitoring and auxiliary treatment. The application of hydrogels in flexible electronic devices provides a new technical path for real-time data collection and athlete health monitoring. Despite this, the current application of hydrogels in the field of sports injuries still faces some technical difficulties, such as mechanical properties, durability, and large-scale production of materials. With the continuous advancement and innovation of technology, hydrogel materials will play an increasingly important role in improving sports performance, promoting sports rehabilitation, extending the service life of equipment, and improving sports safety.


Key words: hydrogel material, flexible sensor, wearable device, sports injury, sports performance

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