中国组织工程研究 ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (34): 5432-5438.doi: 10.12307/2021.235

• 组织工程口腔材料 tissue-engineered oral materials • 上一篇    下一篇

钕激光、半导体激光对窝洞消毒产热及抑菌效果的体外实验

梁潇月1,邹朝晖1,董晓曦2,张  钰1   

  1. 1天津医科大学口腔医学院牙体牙髓科,天津市   300070;2中国医学科学院,北京协和医学院生物医学工程研究所,天津市   300192
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-18 修回日期:2020-06-24 接受日期:2020-07-29 出版日期:2021-12-08 发布日期:2021-07-26
  • 通讯作者: 邹朝晖,博士,主任医师,天津医科大学口腔医学院牙体牙髓科,天津市 300070
  • 作者简介:梁潇月,女,1993年生,2019年天津医科大学毕业,硕士,主要从事口腔临床医学方面的研究
  • 基金资助:
    天津市自然科学基金(18JCYBJC95700),项目参与人:邹朝晖

Heat production and bacteriostatic effect of neodymium laser and semiconductor laser on cavity disinfection: in-vitro study

Liang Xiaoyue1, Zou Zhaohui1, Dong Xiaoxi2, Zhang Yu1    

  1. 1Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; 2Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin 300192, China
  • Received:2020-06-18 Revised:2020-06-24 Accepted:2020-07-29 Online:2021-12-08 Published:2021-07-26
  • Contact: Zou Zhaohui, MD, Chief physician, Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
  • About author:Liang Xiaoyue, Master, Department of Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
  • Supported by:
    the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin, No. 18JCYBJC95700 (to ZZH)

摘要:

文题释义:
窝洞消毒:窝洞预备好后,洞壁的牙本质小管中还残存少量细菌,为更好地消除残余感染,防止继发龋,充填前需做窝洞消毒。对窝洞消毒必须考虑其有效性、持久性和对牙髓的损害,并且窝洞无菌状态的维持有赖于充填材料对窝洞的完全密封。
钕激光:临床上常用的有Nd:YAG和Nd:YAP激光器。倍频532 nmNd:YAG是高能激光,在脉冲模式下瞬时产生的高能量可以使细菌气化,胞壁破裂,蛋白质变性凝固坏死,从而杀灭细菌。波长为1 341 nm的Nd:YAP激光,水吸收系数是Nd:YAG激光的14.26倍,可使组织凝固止血,具有较好的抗菌效果,针对口腔解剖结构设计,易操作。
背景:局部高效的窝洞消毒手段可最大限度地杀灭窝洞内残存的细菌,从而扼制龋病的再次发生和发展。激光作为一种新型技术手段,通过激光的热效应及生物刺激效应破坏细菌的细胞膜从而杀灭细菌。
目的:评价钕激光(Nd:YAP、Nd:YAG)、半导体激光(Diode)窝洞消毒的安全性与有效性。
方法:收集完好的前磨牙并制备体外牙窝洞模型,分别用Nd:YAP激光、810 nm半导体(Diode)激光、Nd:YAG激光处理样本,利用热电偶温度测量仪监测髓腔内温度变化,菌落计数观察变形链球菌和乳酸杆菌的生长情况。
结果与结论:①同一种激光下,髓腔温度随照射功率的增大而升高;②功率相同时,不同激光窝洞消毒,髓腔温度均有所升高且温升值小于引起牙髓坏死的温度5.5 ℃,当功率为1.8,4.0 W时,Nd:YAP激光温度高于Nd:YAG激光和半导体激光组(P < 0.05);③菌落计数显示,同种激光下,随激光功率增大,菌落数明显减少,与阴性对照组(生理盐水组)相比,差异有显著性意义(P < 0.05);④1.8 W、3.0 W、4.0 W组与阳性对照组(5.25%NaClO溶液)相比差异无显著性意义(P > 0.05);⑤综合安全性、有效性及最小功率原则,3种激光在窝洞消毒时可选择的最佳功率为1.8 W。

关键词: 钕激光, Nd:YAP, Nd:YAG, 半导体激光, 热效应, 髓腔温度, 窝洞消毒

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Local effective disinfection method can kill the bacteria to the maximum extent, so as to prevent the recurrence and development of caries. As a new technology, laser destroys the cell membrane of bacteria through its thermal and biological stimulation effects. 
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of cavity disinfection with neodymium laser (Nd:YAP, Nd:YAG) and semiconductor laser (Diode). 
METHODS: The intact premolars were collected and the isolated alveolar cavity model was prepared. Samples should be processed with Nd:YAP laser, 810 nm semiconductor (Diode), and Nd:YAG laser, separately. The pulp temperature was monitored by thermocouple temperature measuring instrument. The growth of Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus was observed by colony counting. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The pulp temperature increased with the increase of irradiation power. (2) At the same power, different laser disinfection, the temperature was increased and less than the pulp necrosis 5.5 °C, when the power was 1.8 and 4.0 W. Nd:YAP laser temperature was higher than Nd:YAG laser and semiconductor laser group (P < 0.05). (3) Colony count showed that with the same laser, the number of colonies decreased significantly with the increase of laser power; compared with the negative control group (normal saline group), the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). (4) There was no statistical difference between 1.8 W, 3.0 W, and 4.0 W groups and positive control group (5.25% NaClO solution) (P > 0.05). (5) The results show that, based on the principles of safety, effectiveness and minimum power, the optimal power that can be selected for the three kinds of lasers in the disinfection of cavities is 1.8 W.

Key words: neodymium laser, Nd:YAP, Nd:YAG, semiconductor laser, thermal effect, pulp temperature, cavity disinfection

中图分类号: