Abstract:

BACKGROUND: To analyze and summarize the classification, properties, application and complication treatment of orbital implant in orbital reconstruction.
METHDOS: A computer-based online search of PubMed database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed) and CNKI (www.cnki.net/index.htm) was performed for related articles with the key words “orbital implant, hydroxyapatite” in English and Chinese. Articles regarding classification, material properties, biocompatibility and application effect of orbital implant, published recently in authoritative journals in the same fields were included. Finally, a total of 20 articles were included.
RESULTS: Understanding of classification, features, reaction with host of orbital implant is very important for appropriate selection of materials for enucleation of eyeball, eye content removal. Porous hydroxyapatite ocular prosthesis is atoxic, and histocompatible with no sensitization. Moreover, the porous structures allow ingrowth of new vessels and fibrous tissues. It has become an important implant for orbit reconstruction following enucleation of eyeball. Orbital implant exposure is a common and severe complication after implantation. The orbital implant coated with a layer of tissues can reduce the mechanical stimulation of the rough surface and decrease incidence of exposure.
CONCLUSION: Recent studies have shown that autologous double-sclera shape cover can significantly reduce incidence of exposure following hydroxyapatite orbital implantation. The histocompatibility, vascularization, anti-infection and complication reduction of orbital implant should be improved.