中国组织工程研究

中国组织工程研究 ›› 2010, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (34): 6441-6444.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.34.042

• 生物材料学术探讨 biomaterial academic discussion • 上一篇    下一篇

人工髋关节假体材料生物相容性及其临床应用

刘  杨，杨  威   

  1. 哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院骨二科，黑龙江省哈尔滨市 150001
  • 出版日期:2010-08-20 发布日期:2010-08-20
  • 作者简介:刘杨★，男，1978年生，黑龙江省哈尔滨市人，汉族，2002年哈尔滨医科大学毕业，硕士，主治医师，主要从事人工关节置换方面的研究。 doctorliuyang@yahoo.cn

Biocompatibility and clinical application of hip prosthesis materials

Liu Yang, Yang Wei   

  1. Second Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin   150001, Heilongjiang Province, China
  • Online:2010-08-20 Published:2010-08-20
  • About author:Liu Yang★, Master, Attending physician, Second Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang Province, China doctorliuyang@yahoo.cn

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1276

被引次数

11

摘要：

目的：评价不同种类髋关节假体材料的性能以及置入体内与宿主的生物相容性，为其在临床上的应用提供参考依据。
方法：以“髋关节，假体，材料，生物相容性，临床应用”为中文关键词，以“hip joint，prosthesis，materials，biocompatibility，clinical application”为英文关键词，采用计算机检索2000-01/2010-07相关文章。纳入与有关生物材料与宿主生物相容性的文章，排除重复研究或Meta分析类文章。以30篇文献为重点，探讨髋关节置换假体材料的种类、性能及临床应用。
结果：金属材料在人工髋关节假体中占有重要的地位，髋关节置换应用最多的是金属关节头和超高分子量聚乙烯髋臼的组合，但存在耐磨损性差、润滑性差的缺点，且抗腐蚀性较差。陶瓷对陶瓷类型的人工髋关节假体材料，具有很强的抗磨损性能和较小的毒性作用及骨整合作用，但是其易碎性仍是需要解决的问题。
结论：理想的假体材料应具有良好生物相容、耐蚀性、耐磨性、耐疲劳性、强韧性好及弹性模量更接近人体皮质骨的特点，这有待于进一步的开发研制。

关键词: 髋关节, 临床应用, 假体, 材料, 生物相容性

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of different types of hip joint prosthesis materials, as well as biocompatibility with the host after implanted in vivo, to provide reference for clinical applications.
METHODS: Using “hip joint, prosthesis, materials, biocompatibility, clinical application” in Chinese and in English as the key words, a computer retrieval was performed for articles published between January 2000 and July 2010. Articles related to the biocompatibility of biological materials to the host were included, duplicated research or Meta analysis were excluded. Totally 30 articles focused on the type, performance and clinical application of hip replacement prosthesis materials.
RESULTS: Metal materials play an important role in hip prosthesis, combination of metal joint head and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene acetabular is the most widely used in hip joint replacement, but there is poor resistance to abrasion, poor lubrication, and poor corrosive resistance. As for ceramic-type hip joint prosthesis, ceramics have a strong wear resistance, low toxicity and bone integration effect, but their fragility still needs to solve.
CONCLUSION: The ideal implant materials should have good biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, fatigue resistance, strong strength and elastic modulus closer to the characteristics of human cortical bone, which need to be further developed.

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