Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (27): 7030-7036.doi: 10.12307/2026.462

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Correlation between sacro-femoro-pubic angle and spine-pelvic parameters in patients with Lenke types 1, 5, and 6 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis

He Zhuoqun, Wang Haiyan, Li Xiaohe, Zhang Ruofan, Shi Guopeng, Bai Lili, Wang Xiaolu   

  1. Basic Medical College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Received:2026-01-13 Accepted:2026-02-09 Online:2026-09-28 Published:2026-04-17
  • Contact: Wang Haiyan, MS, Professor, Basic Medical College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China Co-corresponding author: Li Xiaohe, PhD, Professor, Basic Medical College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:He Zhuoqun, MS candidate, Basic Medical College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot 010110, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    2022 Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Health Science and Technology Plan Project, No. 202201188 (to WHY); Natural Science Foundation Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, No. 2021MS08086 (to WHY); 2020 "Achievement Transformation" Project of Inner Mongolia Medical University, No. YKD2020CGZH009 (to WHY); Higher Education Innovation Team Development Plan Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Department of Education, No. NMGIRT2227 (to LXH); 2023 Autonomous Region Key Research and Development and Achievement Transformation Plan (Science and Technology Support for Ecological Protection and High-Quality Development of the Yellow River Basin) Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, No. 2023YFHH0003 (to LXH); Higher Education Innovation Team Development Plan Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, No. NMGIRT2419 (to WHY); Inner Mongolia Medical University Maker Cultivation Program (2025) (to SGP) 

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Abstract: BACKGROUND: The sacro-femoro-pubic angle, as a coronal plane alternative to the pelvic tilt angle, has an unclear association in different Lenke classifications of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, limiting clinical application of the sacro-femoro-pubic angle in classification-specific assessment.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlation between the sacro-femoro-pubic angle and spine-pelvic parameters (pelvic incidence, pelvic tilt, sacral slope, lumbar lordosis, thoracic kyphosis, and main Cobb angle) in patients with Lenke types 1, 5, and 6 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, and to establish classification-specific regression models. 
METHODS: Clinical and imaging data of 191 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients were retrospectively analyzed, including 60 with Lenke type 1, 65 with Lenke type 5, and 66 with Lenke type 6. Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis was used to examine the correlations between left/right sacro-femoro-pubic angle and pelvic incidence, pelvic tilt, sacral slope, lumbar lordosis, thoracic kyphosis, main Cobb angle, and sagittal vertical axis in each type. Parameters with statistical significance underwent univariate linear regression analysis to construct linear regression models.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) In Lenke type 1 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients, right sacro-femoro-pubic angle showed a significant negative correlation with pelvic tilt (r=-0.366, P=0.028) and a significant positive correlation with lumbar lordosis (r=0.429, P=0.007; r=0.460, P=0.007). In Lenke type 5 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients, left/right sacro-femoro-pubic angle showed a significant positive correlation with lumbar lordosis (r=0.415, P=0.007; r=0.400, P=0.007). In Lenke type 6 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients, while left/right sacro-femoro-pubic angle showed a significant negative correlation with pelvic tilt (r=-0.385, P=0.007; r=-0.376, P=0.014). Univariate regression models quantified these associations (R²=0.13-0.21). Among them, the regression slope between sacro-femoro-pubic angle and lumbar lordosis was largest (0.85-0.89) in Lenke type 5 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients, while the regression slope between sacro-femoro-pubic angle and pelvic tilt ranged from -0.52 to -0.54 in Lenke type 6 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients. (2) The results indicate that the association between sacro-femoro-pubic angle and spine-pelvic parameters in Lenke types 1, 5, and 6 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients exhibits clear classification-specificity. Lenke types 1 and 5 are primarily characterized by a positive association between sacro-femoro-pubic angle and lumbar lordosis, while Lenke type 6 is characterized by a bilateral negative association between sacro-femoro-pubic angle and pelvic tilt.


Key words: adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, Lenke classification, sacro-femoro-pubic angle, spine-pelvic parameters, correlation analysis, spine-pelvic balance

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