Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (33): 7080-7086.doi: 10.12307/2025.862

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Biomechanical characteristics of a novel sacroiliac lag screw

Liang Cheng1, 2, 3, 4, Zhuo Chuanchuan1, Zhang Xiaogang4, Wang Guan1, Duan Ke1, 2, Li Zhong1, Lu Xiaobo1, 2, Zhuo Naiqiang1, 2, Jin Zhongmin4, 5   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; 2Sichuan Provincial Laboratory of Orthopedic Implantation Device R&D and Application Technology Engineering, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; 3Clinical Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University,  Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; 4Tribology Research Institute, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan Province, China; 5School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
  • Received:2024-09-03 Accepted:2024-11-16 Online:2025-11-28 Published:2025-04-12
  • Contact: Zhang Xiaogang, PhD, Associate professor, Tribology Research Institute, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan Province, China Zhuo Naiqiang, MD, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; Sichuan Provincial Laboratory of Orthopedic Implantation Device R&D and Application Technology Engineering, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China
  • About author:Liang Cheng, MS, Engineer, Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; Sichuan Provincial Laboratory of Orthopedic Implantation Device R&D and Application Technology Engineering, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; Clinical Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province, China; Tribology Research Institute, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 52375207 (to ZXG); National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 52035012 (to JZM); Southwest Medical University School-Level Project, No. 2023ZD015 (to LC); Southwest Medical University Industry-University-Research Project, No. 2022CXY03 (to LXB)

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Abstract: BACKGROUND: The pelvis has abundant trabecular bone content, but the ability of conventional sacroiliac percutaneous fixation to control trabecular bone is limited, leading to fixation failure. Therefore, the development of devices that can more effectively control trabecular bone tension is of significant importance. 
OBJECTIVE: The mechanical properties of a novel sacroiliac tension screw were investigated using biomechanical testing and numerical modeling analysis, along with an assessment of the reliability of the pull-out force numerical model.  
METHODS: A mechanical model was established based on the working principle of the novel sacroiliac tension screw. Numerical methods were employed to analyze its pull-out performance, validated through mechanical testing with polyurethane material to assess the reliability of the pull-out force numerical model. Using pelvic specimens, the mechanical effectiveness of the novel sacroiliac tension screw in repairing sacroiliac joint injuries was analyzed under normal standing posture, along with an evaluation of the load stiffness of different pelvic models in the standing position. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The average error between the computed values of the numerical model and the measured values was 13.19%, indicating a certain level of validity for the numerical model. (2) The damage to the polyurethane material after the extraction of the screw was less pronounced in the novel screw group. (3) The average effective holding displacement for the novel screw was approximately (9.24±0.27) mm, significantly greater than the average displacement of (1.71±0.57) mm observed with the lag screws. However, the maximum resistance to pullout for the lag screws was significantly higher than that for the novel screws. (4) The novel screw effectively repaired sacroiliac joint injuries. (5) The stiffness after repair of sacroiliac joint injuries was equivalent when using a single novel screw compared to using two lag screws. (6) These results prove that the theoretical model for the maximum resistance to pullout of the screws established in this study has a certain level of validity and can guide the design of them with improved mechanical performance. The novel sacroiliac spiral blade screw can effectively hold trabecular bone and has practical clinical utility.

Key words: novel sacroiliac lag screw, percutaneous sacroiliac lag screw, cancellous bone, sacroiliac joint injury, biomechanics

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