Abstract:

BACKGROUND: On current research, the early evaluative index of osteonecrosis risk may be base on the blood reservation of femoral head after fracture.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the methods which can early diagnose and assess whether the femoral neck fractures can result in avascular necrosis of the femoral head. 
METHODS: We consulted literatures about this aspect in domestic and overseas in recent years in order to summarize the effect of ultrasonography detection in the early diagnosis and assessment of femoral head blood supplying after femoral neck fracture as well as the effect in prognosis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Blood supply interruption after the femoral neck fracture is the major factor of the femoral head necrosis, whereas ultrasound selective angiography, bone inner oxygen partial pressure test, laser doppler hemodynamic detection, the radioactive isotope bone imaging detection and magnatic resonance imaging detection can early diagnose and assess vascular injury and bone necrosis, and play an important role in image typing, the prognosis of the femoral head and conduction of the surgical operation. Although there are plenty of methods to early diagnose and assess the prognosis of the femoral neck fracture, all of these methods may more or less have some drawbacks which still need continuously improvement, and we should search the more advanced and practical methods for early diagnosis.