Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2019, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (20): 3235-3241.doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.1191

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Diagnosis and treatment of deltoid ligament injury of ankle joint

Wang Guixin, He Jinquan   

  1. First Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
  • Online:2019-07-18 Published:2019-07-18
  • Contact: He Jinquan, Chief physician, First Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
  • About author:Wang Guixin, Master, Attending physician, First Department of Foot and Ankle Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300211, China
  • Supported by:

    the Science and Technology Foundation of Tianjin Hospital in 2017, No. TJYY1605 (to WGX)

Abstract:

BACKGROUND: In the medial tissue of ankle joint, the deltoid ligament of ankle joint is the most important mechanical structure, which plays an important role in maintaining the stability of ankle joint. The diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic deltoid ligament injury of ankle remain controversial.

OBJECTIVE: To review the advance in the diagnosis and treatment of deltoid ligament injury of ankle joint.
METHODS: A computer-based retrieval of PubMed, CNKI, and VIP databases was conducted for the literature concerning the diagnosis and treatment of ankle triangular ligament injury published from January 2000 to December 2018, and articles published recently or published in authoritative journals were selected in priority. The keywords were “ankle, deltoid ligament, management” in English and Chinese, respectively. A total of 310 documents were searched, and 48 of them met the inclusion criteria.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The anatomy and function of the deltoid ligament of ankle joint, injury mechanism, diagnosis method and treatment of acute and chronic injury were summarized and discussed, and the latest progress in diagnosis and treatment of the deltoid ligament injury of ankle joint was systematically elaborated. The deltoid ligament of ankle plays an important role in maintaining the stability of medial ankle joint. Moreover, misdiagnosis or misdiagnosis of deltoid ligament injury may lead to severe ankle deformity and ankle osteoarthritis. The triangular ligament injury and instability of the medial ankle joint can be diagnosed by X-ray, MRI, ultrasound and arthroscopic exploration of the ankle. Surgical treatment of deltoid ligament injury is still controversial. Stress test under anesthesia provides us with a basis for judgment, especially, the repair of the deltoid ligament is crucial in the presence of the inferior tibiofibular syndesmosis. In addition, wire anchor technique has become the most widely used technique for repairing deltoid ligament. However, chronic deltoid ligament injury usually requires the reconstruction of deltoid ligament with autologous or allogenic tendons to restore the stability of ankle joint.

Key words: ankle joint, deltoid ligament injury, ankle deformity, ankle osteoarthritis, deltoid ligament reconstruction, ankle arthroscope, medial ankle instability

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