Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2023, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (30): 4809-4816.doi: 10.12307/2023.507

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Repair effect of different hydroxyapatite/beta-tricalcium phosphate coated scaffolds on bone defects

Song Meiling1, 2, Li Zhengyu3, 4, Ai Zizheng5, Li Jingna1, 2, Zeng Qingfeng4, 6, Han Qianqian7, Dong Xieping1, 8, 9, 10   

  1. 1Department of Orthopedics, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China; 2Graduate School, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China; 3Xi’an Central Hospital, Xi’an 710003, Shaanxi Province, China; 4Particle Cloud Biotechnology (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang Province, China; 5The Fourth Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang 330104, Jiangxi Province, China; 6MSEA International Institute for Materials Genome, Langfang 065500, Hebei Province, China; 7National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China; 8Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China; 9Digital Lab of Orthopeadics, Key Laboratory of Health Commission of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China; 10Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent and Digital Surgery Innovation Center, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2022-06-28 Accepted:2022-08-25 Online:2023-10-28 Published:2023-04-01
  • Contact: Dong Xieping, Doctoral supervisor, Chief physician, Department of Orthopedics, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China; Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China; Digital Lab of Orthopeadics, Key Laboratory of Health Commission of Jiangxi Province, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China; Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Intelligent and Digital Surgery Innovation Center, Southern University of Science and Technology Hospital, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong Province, China Han Qianqian, Researcher, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, Beijing 102600, China
  • About author:Song Meiling, Master candidate, Department of Orthopedics, Jiangxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China; Graduate School, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Regional Science Foundation Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81860384 (to DXP); General Project of Shaanxi Provincial Key Research & Development Program, No. 2019SF-229 (to LZY); Scientific Research Project of Xi’an Municipal Health Commission, No. 2020yb02 (to LZY); Fundamental Research Fund Free Exploration and Innovation Teacher Project of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. xzy012020052 (to LZY)

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Abstract: BACKGROUND: Hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate biphasic calcium phosphate ceramics have good biocompatibility and osteoconductivity. They can be used as a coating material for supercritical bone defect repair, but the optimal mass ratio of hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate coating has not been reported. 
OBJECTIVE: Porous bioceramic scaffolds with different ratios of hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate coating were implanted into the supercritical bone defect site of rabbit radius to assess its repairing effects in order to obtain the best coating ratio.
METHODS: Hydroxyapatite porous bioceramic scaffolds were prepared by 3D printing technology, and coated with different mass ratios of hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate (mass ratio: 3:7, 5:5, 7:3, respectively) on their surfaces. Cytotoxicity, porosity, mechanical strength, coating thickness, and other parameters were tested. The 15.0 mm rabbit radial supercritical bone defects were established in the right forelimbs of 36 New Zealand white rabbits. They were randomly divided into four groups (n=9). In the blank group, no material was implanted. In the 3:7 coating group, 5:5 coating group, and 7:3 coating group, hydroxyapatite porous bioceramic scaffolds were implanted with corresponding mass ratio coatings. X-ray, Micro-CT, Van-Gieson staining, hematoxylin-eosin staining, and immunohistochemistry for type I collagen were performed at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after operation. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The scaffold cytotoxicity of 3:7, 5:5, and 7:3 coating was grade 0. The coating thickness was (75.2±0.54) μm, and the porosity was (54.02±5.17)%, (53.28±5.05)%, and (52.82±4.55)%, respectively. The compressive strength was (11.15±0.72), (11.18±0.78), and (10.24±0.70) MPa, respectively. (2) The X-ray and Micro-CT results showed that with the increase of time, the bone defects in each group were repaired to different degrees. The 3:7 coating group had the best bone defect repair effect at 12 weeks after the operation. The volume of bone ingrowth inside the group of materials and the volume of new bone on the outer surface of the materials were the most. (3) The results of Van-Gieson staining and hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that new bone was formed in the bone defect area and inside the scaffold, and the new bone tissue was the most and the new bone structure was the densest one in the 3:7 coating group at 12 weeks after operation. The results of immunohistochemical analysis showed that the expression of type I collagen in the 3:7 coating group was higher than that in the other two groups at 12 weeks after surgery. (4) The results showed that the 3:7 coating group had the best repair effect on the supercritical bone defects of the rabbits, and the optimal mass ratio of hydroxyapatite/β-tricalcium phosphate was 3:7. 

Key words:  , bone repair, bone defect, 3D bioprinted scaffold, hydroxyapatite, β-tricalcium phosphate, bioceramics, tissue engineering

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