Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) can induce undifferentiated mesenchymal cells irreversibly differentiated into cartilage and bone, thus, lead to the formation of new bone.
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of rhBMP-2 on the mandibular distraction.
METHODS: A total of 45 Japanese white rabbits were prepared for mandibular distraction models and randomly assigned into control, 1.5 mg rhBMP-2 and 3.0 mg rhBMP-2 groups. Collagen sponge and collagen binding proteins were implanted into mandibles of rabbits, respectively, and distraction 0.4 mm per time, twice per day for 5 days. The mandibles were lengthened    4 mm. All rats were sacrificed at 1, 3, 7, 14 and 28 days after operation, and the new generated bone were detected by X-ray and histological examination. 
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group, there were more neonatal bone tissues with maturity in the rhBMP-2 group, especially in the rhBMP-2 3.0 mg group. The results demonstrated that RhBMP-2 appears to be able to accelerate bone formation of mandibular distraction osteogenesis in a concentration-dependent manner.