Table of Content

09 July 2015, Volume 19 Issue 29 Previous Issue    Next Issue

For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Reference Manager ProCite BibTeX RefWorks

Toggle Thumbnails

Select

Puerarin promotes the proliferation of osteoblasts in older female patients with osteoporosis   Sun Yu-min, Xu Xiao-lin, Yang Yi, Huang Dong-dong, Xu Jin-xiu, Cheng Cai, Wang Lu 2015, 19 (29):  4593-4756.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.001 Abstract ( 354 )   PDF (1504KB) ( 751 )   Save BACKGROUND: In recent years, there are many animal studies and osteoblast studies on the anti-osteoporotic effects of puerarin, a kind of phytoestrogen. But few of them are reported on the effects of puerarin on osteoblasts in older patients with osteoporosis. OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of puerarin on the proliferation of in vitro cultured osteoblasts from older female patients with osteoporosis. METHODS: The older female patients with osteoporotic femoral neck fractures who underwent artificial femoral head replacement were included in this study. The femoral neck cancellous bone removed during the operation was collected. Primary cancellous bone osteoblasts were cultured using explant culture method. The cells were sub-cultured to the required amounts. Osteoblasts from the control group were cultured with culture medium without puerarin. Osteoblasts from the 0.01, 0.1, and 1 μmol/L puerarin groups were cultured with culture medium containing the corresponding concentrations of puerarin. After in vitro co-culture with different concentrations of puerarin for 1, 3, 5 days, the proliferation of osteoblasts was observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: With the increase in the concentration of puerarin, the proliferative activity of osteoblasts constantly increased at different time points (P < 0.05). At 3 days of culture, cell absorbance value in each group reached the peak level. These results suggest that 0.01, 0.1, 1 μmol/L puerarin promotes the proliferation of osteoblasts in older patients with osteoporosis in a concentration-dependent manner. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Relationship between spine-pelvis sagittal morphological changes, discectomy and posterior lumbar interbody fusion Wang Ling-jun, Gu Yong, Feng Yu, Zhang Chi, Che Chun-qing, Chen Liang 2015, 19 (29):  4598-4602.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.002 Abstract ( 282 )   PDF (792KB) ( 597 )   Save BACKGROUND: The patients undergoing lumbar discectomy have a higher risk of recurrence. There are many different ways of reoperation, but there are few studies on spine-pelvis sagittal morphology of patients with recurrent lumbar disc herniation. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of discectomy and posterior lumbar interbody fusion on spine-pelvis sagittal morphology of patients with recurrent lumbar disc herniation. METHODS: Sixty-one patients of recurrent lumbar disc herniation after discectomy were divided into discectomy group (n=30) and posterior lumbar interbody fusion group (n=31) according to the re-repair method. The height of intervertebral disc, lumbar lordosis and pelvic projection angle in the two groups before and after treatment were measured and compared based on standing spine lateral X-ray images. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After treatment, the height of intervertebral disc, lumbar lordosis and pelvic projection angle of patients in discectomy group were not significantly changed compared with before treatment (P > 0.05). After treatment, the height of intervertebral disc, lumbar lordosis and pelvic projection angle of patients in posterior lumbar interbody fusion group were significantly increased compared with those before treatment (P < 0.05). Before treatment, there were no significant differences in the height of intervertebral disc, lumbar lordosis and pelvic projection angle between discectomy and posterior lumbar interbody fusion groups (P > 0.05)．After treatment, the height of intervertebral disc, lumbar lordosis and pelvic pelvic projection angle were significantly increased in the posterior lumbar interbody fusion group compared with the discectomy group (P < 0.05). These results demonstrate that discectomy cannot significantly change the spine-pelvis sagittal morphology of patients subjected to re-operation, but compared with the discectomy treatment, posterior lumbar interbody fusion has a greater impact on spine-pelvis sagittal morphology of patients subjected to re-operation.   中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Flurbiprofen axetil for damage control in rat models of hip fractures: reducing inflammatory responses Han Ya-jun, Tie Xiao-jia, Hou Yan-jie, Guo Hong-liang, Wang Zhi-zhou, Wang Lian-peng, Yilihamu Tuoheti 2015, 19 (29):  4603-4608.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.003 Abstract ( 401 )   PDF (997KB) ( 391 )   Save BACKGROUND: Since damage control theory system was founded, this theory in the orthopedics has been applied gradually, especially in elderly hip fracture surgery that reduces the negative impacts due to inflammatory responses. OBJECTIVE: To explore whether flurbiprofen axetil can reduce inflammatory responses in rats with hip fractures based on the damage control theory. METHODS: Forty-nine healthy Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly divided into four groups:  control group (n=7), immediate internal fixation group (n=14), flurbiprofen axetil group (n=14), damage control group (n=14). Rats in the control group moved freely in the cages. Rats in the other three groups were intraperitoneally injected with composite anesthetics to make unilateral hip fracture models, and then respectively given internal fixation immediately after fracture, flurbiprofen axetil injection and delayed internal fixation, and delayed internal fixation. Levels of serum C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α were determined and analyzed before fixation, immediately after internal fixation and at 4, 8, 12, 24, 48 hours after internal fixation in different groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Postoperative serum levels of C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α were all increased in different groups. The level of C-reactive protein reached the peak at 24 hours after internal fixation. Flurbiprofen axetil injection had no significant influence on the level of C-reactive protein in rats with delayed internal fixation (P=0.51). Interleukin-6 levels were still increased at 48 hours after internal fixation, but flurbiprofen axetil reduced the level of interleukin-6 significantly in rats with delayed internal fixation (P < 0.01). The tumor necrosis factor-α level peaked at 4 hours after internal fixation, and flurbiprofen axetil injection could significantly reduce the level of tumor necrosis factor-α in rats with delayed internal fixation (P < 0.01). These findings indicate that flurbiprofen axetil as a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug can reduce the inflammatory response in rats with hip fractures after internal fixation, and also can alleviate the inflammatory response of rats undergoing delayed operation under the guidance of damage control theory.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

An epidemiological survey on knee osteoarthritis and early ladder-like treatment in Zoucheng city situated in the southwest of Shandong province of China Zai Qing-shu, Jiang Chang-wei, Yue Yao-sheng, Wang Gui-xia, Liu Hong-bo 2015, 19 (29):  4609-4613.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.004 Abstract ( 351 )   PDF (776KB) ( 404 )   Save BACKGROUND: Although there are many studies addressing osteoarthritis in China, population-based epidemiological studies of knee osteoarthritis have been rarely reported. OBJECTIVE: To explore and analyze the clinical efficacy of early ladder-like treatment in knee osteoarthritis patients from Zoucheng city in the southwest of Shandong province based on an epidemiological investigation. METHODS: A total of 3 427 people randomly enrolled from Zoucheng city located in the southwest of Shandong province in 2008 were taken as research objects. A self-designed epidemiological survey on knee osteoarthritis was carried out to analyze the sex, age, urban and rural distribution, and incidence of knee osteoarthritis. According to Kellgren Lawrence Grading, 208 patients with levels 0, I, II of knee osteoarthritis were randomly selected and divided into two groups: surgical treatment group was given intraarticular injection, intraarticular rinsing, arthroscopic treatment and functional exercise; oral drug group was only given oral administration of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and blood circulation drugs. Ninety-eight patients in the surgical treatment group and 87 in the oral drug group were followed-up for over 1 year. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The incidence of knee osteoarthritis showed an increasing trend with aging in Zoucheng city. There were 33.2% patients who did not receive treatment, 53.2% patients who received irregular treatment, and only 13.6 patients who could follow the doctor’s advice. The excellent rate and total effective rate were higher in the surgical treatment group (81% and 99%) than the control group (34% and 87%; P < 0.01). This epidemiological investigation exerts a certain protective role in the occurrence and  development of knee osteoarthritis, and active early ladder-like treatment has achieved good outcomes in patients with knee osteoarthritis. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

An epidemiological investigation on the pathogenic factors of knee osteoarthritis in Uygur, Kazakh and Han populations in pastoral areas of northern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China  Shen Ming-qiu, Liu Jun-chang, Wang Xin-jun, Zhang Yan-feng, Zhang Chao-fan, Ma Xin-wen, Luan Li 2015, 19 (29):  4614-4618.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.005 Abstract ( 316 )   PDF (730KB) ( 357 )   Save BACKGROUND: The living standard of farmers and herdsmen in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China is significantly lower than that of urban residents in general. Meanwhile, the shortage of doctors and medicines and lack of medical knowledge are the main reasons for local farmers and herdsmen to suffer from knee osteoarthritis. Most of the farmers and herdsmen are not aware of or prevent knee osteoarthritis in the early days to remove pathogenic factors, which results in a serious condition at the time of their medical treatment. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the main pathogenic factors of knee osteoarthritis in Uygur, Kazakh and Han populations in pastoral areas of northern Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. METHODS: The permanent residents of Uygur, Kazakh and Han ethnic groups in northern Xinjiang, China who met the criteria were selected by the method of stratified, multistage and cluster random sampling during June 2012 to October 2014. The investigation of knee osteoarthritis was conducted among all the residents who meet the inclusion criteria using the method of home scene closed questionnaire. X-ray lateral plain film examination of the knee joint was performed among the patients presenting with the symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. The database was established. The multi-factor and unconditional Logistic regression analysis was conducted among the 40 variables using SPSS 20.0 software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The 3 402 of 3 540 questionnaires were valid. The Logistic regression analysis suggest that the common pathogenic factors in Han, Uygur and Kazakh ethnic groups are associated with older ages, female gender, high body mass and drink alcohol. Smoking, history of internal disease, high education level, standing position, climbing, trauma, family history, fried food, housing conditions and amenorrhea, different nationalities, churchgoing of ethnic minorities are also the major risk factors. Among the three ethnic groups, the prevalence of female patients in Uygur and Kazak ethnic groups is significantly higher than that of Chinese Han nationality. The morbidity is different among these three nationalities. The dietary preferences cannot be determined as the related influencing factor of knee osteoarthritis. Whether the means of transportation, residence climate and environment, the number of pregnancies and deliveries, drinking tea or not, the type of tea are related to knee osteoarthritis remains unclear.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节；骨植入物；脊柱；骨折；内固定；数字化骨科；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Osteopenia occurs in older women in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China: relationship of serum leptin level with bone mineral density and related indicators  Liang Yu-si, Da Na, Liang Jie 2015, 19 (29):  4619-4623.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.006 Abstract ( 310 )   PDF (780KB) ( 329 )   Save BACKGROUND: Some studies have demonstrated that there is a clear correlation between osteocyte differentiation and leptin. Animal experiments have also confirmed that leptin indirectly inhibits the formation of osteoblasts through the central nervous system, but it also has some influences on the anabolism in bone microenvironment of osteoblasts. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the variation of serum leptin levels in older female patients with osteopenia, and the relationship between serum leptin levels, bone mineral density and related biochemical indexes of bone turnover. METHODS: The older female patients, aged ≥ 60 years, who had lived in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region for more than 30 years, were selected. Among these patients, 74 had osteoporosis, 111 had osteopenia, and 191 had normal bone mass. Serum leptin levels, bone alkaline phosphatase and other indicators of the patients were detected using enzyme-linked immunoassay method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the normal group, the body mass index value and leptin level were significantly lower in the osteoporosis group (P < 0.01) and in the osteopenia group (P < 0.05). The bone mineral densities of all parts of patients in the osteoporosis group were lower than those in the osteopenia and normal groups (P < 0.01), and the bone mineral density value of patients in the ostopenia group was significantly lower than that in the normal group (P < 0.01). The serum leptin levels of older female patients with osteoporosis were significantly positively correlated with the bone mineral density value of the anteroposterior lumbar spine and the left hip bone (r=0.870, r=0.468, P < 0.01). The serum leptin levels of older female patients with osteopenia were significantly positively correlated with the bone mineral density value of the anteroposterior lumbar spine and the left hip (r=0.477, r=0.467, P < 0.01). The serum leptin levels of older female patients with osteoporosis were significantly positively correlated with body mass index (r=0.502, P < 0.01). These results suggest that reduced levels of serum leptin may play an important role in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis and osteopenia in older female patients in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Expression of sterol regulatory element-binding protein-2 in the process of chondrocyte degeneration Weng Jian, Zeng Hui, Xiao De-ming, Tao Ke, Kang Bin, Liang Hao-feng 2015, 19 (29):  4624-4628.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.007 Abstract ( 384 )   PDF (538KB) ( 390 )   Save BACKGROUND: Recent studies have demonstrated that sterol regulatory element binding protein-2 (SREBP-2) plays a key role in osteoarthritis, but its exact pathogenesis remains incompletely understood yet. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of SREBP-2 in the process of interleukin-1β-induced articular chondrocyte degeneration in vitro. METHODS: Articular chondrocytes obtained from C57BL/6J mice were cultured in vitro. After the second passage, cells were randomly divided into four groups: control group, and three experimental groups treated with 10 μg/L interleukin-1β for 24, 48 and 72 hours, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The cells became hypertrophic after being stimulated by interleukin-1β, and the staining of collagen X was positive at 72 hours. MTT assay demonstrated that the cell activity after stimulation with interleukin-1β decreased with time. Results of RT-PCR showed that the expression of SREBP-2 and SREBP cleavage activating protein mRNA was significantly increased after stimulation with interleukin-1β as compared with the control group and increased with time. On the contrary, the expression of aggrecan and collagen II mRNA was decreased with time. It is revealed that interleukin-1β could inhibit the proliferation of regular chondrocytes and the expression of its extracellular matrix, and furthermore, induce chondrocyte hypertrophy. The expression of SREBP-2 showed a negative relationship with key cartilage genes during this interleukin-1β-induced degeneration. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

A biomechanical model of knee osteoarthritis and stress characteristics on the cartilage surface  Jin Zhe-feng, Liu Ai-feng, Wang Ping, Zhang Jun-tao, Li Yuan-dong, Zhang Chao, Liu Shi-long,Wang Zhi-qiang 2015, 19 (29):  4629-4633.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.008 Abstract ( 457 )   PDF (849KB) ( 459 )   Save BACKGROUND: Knee osteoarthritis is a chronic disease characterized as cartilage degeneration and hyperostosis to impact the soft tissues around the joints, thereby resulting in joint pain, and it can be aggravated and lead to joint deformity after weight-bearing. OBJECTIVE: On the basis of imaging parameters of knee osteoarthritis patients and normal controls, a model was established. And then, knee squatting movement was simulated on the model and stress data from the cartilage surface of patients and normal controls were collected and compared, thereby to obtain the stress characteristics of the cartilage surface in knee osteoarthritis patients. METHODS: There were 30 knee osteoarthritis patients and 30 healthy volunteers in the study. CT and MRI data from these participants were collected and analyzed using Mimics software and simpleware software to establish a model. Based on this model, cartilage-related stress data were harvested from knee osteoarthritis patients and  healthy volunteers and compared to summarize the stress characteristics of the articular cartilage in patients with knee osteoarthritis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In knee osteoarthritis patients, the stress on the cartilage surface from standing to squatting was increased in a nonlinear manner. During the process of squatting, the mediolateral stress was higher in the knee osteoarthritis patients than healthy controls (P < 0.05); however, there was no difference in the proximodistal and anteroposterior cartilage surface stress between the two groups (P > 0.05). These findings indicate that the knee osteoarthritis musculoskeletal model and finite element model are established successfully, and these models are closer to the real motion characteristics of the knee joints, based on which, quantitative biomechanical data of the knee can be provided for knee osteoarthritis treatment.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Ultrastructural changes of reconstructed mandibular condylar cartilage under continuous mandibular advancement  Li Xue, Wang Ming-guo, Yang Shuai, Gao Jie, Fan Yuan-yuan, Song Yan 2015, 19 (29):  4634-4639.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.009 Abstract ( 350 )   PDF (6686KB) ( 598 )   Save BACKGROUND: Previous animal experiments have demonstrated that mandibular advancement can cause the remodeling of temporomandibular joint tissue of young SD rats. This is mainly characterized by accelerated growth rate of the condyle tissue and secondary growth of mandible. But the ultrastructural remodeling of condylar chondrocytes remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To observe the histological and ultrastructural variations of reconstructed condylar cartilage of young rats under the effect of continuous mandibular advancement.  METHODS: SD rats aged 4 weeks were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. Rats in the experimental group were subjected to mandibular advancement for 24 hours and sacrificed at 3, 7, 14, 21 and 30 days of intervention. Condylar cartilage samples were harvested and their histological and ultrastructural changes were observed under optical microscope and transmission electron microscope. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After 14 days of intervention, the thickness of condylar cartilage in the experimental group increased first and then became thin in the period of observation. The cartilage thickness variations in the postmedian condylar were significant (P < 0.01). After 7 days of intervention, the ultrastructure  of condylar chondrocytes was reconstructed, including intracellular karyopyknosis, rough endoplasmic reticulum compartment swelling, smaller even absent lipid droplets, less and irregular microfilaments around the nucleus, broadened and increased extracellular matrix and the emergence of large gaps. These results demonstrate that under continuous mandibular advancement, the rat condylar cartilage will become thick or thin with the endurance time, and chondrocyte matrix synthesis ability will be significantly enhanced.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with or without remnant preservation: a 6-month follow-up  Wang Jun, Li Yan, Yu Teng-bo, Zhang Qi-liang 2015, 19 (29):  4640-4644.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.010 Abstract ( 518 )   PDF (717KB) ( 386 )   Save BACKGROUND: In recent years, the number of cases of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with remnant preservation is increased year by year, but its clinical results, especially effects on improving proprioceptive recovery after reconstruction, are still controversial.  OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical effects of arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with or without remnant preservation. METHODS: Totally 146 patients undergoing arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction were randomly divided into two groups; preserving-remnant group and removing-remnant group. Autologous hamstring tendons were selected. Evaluation of knee mobility, Lysholm score, IKDC scores and knee stability was performed before and 6, 12 months after reconstruction. Proprioception was recorded before and 3, 6 and 12 months after reconstruction. The comparative analysis was carried out on these data between the group and between affected and healthy limbs.  RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 114 patients were followed up for over 12 months, including 61 in the preserving-remnant group and 53 in the removing-remnant group. There were significantly statistical improvements in knee mobility, Lysholm score, IKDC score and knee stability at 6 and 12 months after reconstruction in the two groups (P < 0.01), and the Lysholm score, IKDC score and knee stability were better in the removing-remnant group than the removing-remnant group at 6 months after reconstruction (P > 0.05). The knee proprioception was significantly improved at 3, 6 and 12 months after reconstruction in the two groups (P < 0.01), and it was also better in the removing-remnant group than the removing-remnant group at 3 and 6 months after reconstruction (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with remnant preservation is beneficial to the recovery of postoperative proprioception and knee function.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Establishing an animal model of delayed onset muscle soreness and its histomorphologic observation Wei Yuan, Fang Chun-lu, Li Liang-ming, Xing Wen-hua, Yang Ze-yi 2015, 19 (29):  4645-4651.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.011 Abstract ( 385 )   PDF (3425KB) ( 388 )   Save BACKGROUND: Delayed onset muscle soreness is closely related to skeletal muscle micro-injury, but the exact mechanism of skeletal muscle micro-injury is not yet clear. OBJECTIVE: To observe the histomorphological and ultrastructure changes of skeletal muscle micro-injury models induced by eccentric exercise. METHODS: Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into quiet control group, immediately after exercise group, post-exercise 24 hours group, post-exercise 48 hours group and post-exercise 72 hours group. In the latter four groups, the rats were subjected to intermittent running on the -16° slope at a speed of 16 m/min: 5 minutes movement, 2 minutes rest and totally 120 minutes. Rats in the latter four groups were observed immediately, at 24, 48, 72 hours after exercise. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After eccentric exercise, the morphology and ultrastructure of rat’s skeletal muscle were both changed to different extents, and Desmin and Vimentin were dyed off for anti-desmin antibody staining at varying degrees. It indicates that one-time eccentric exercise can cause delayed skeletal muscle micro-injury. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Co-transplantation of acellular allogeneic dermis and autologous split-thickness skin for burn repair at functional parts  Ke Chang-neng, Liu Po, Chen Jie-ming, Li Yan-hua, Liang Da-ning 2015, 19 (29):  4652-4656.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.012 Abstract ( 402 )   PDF (811KB) ( 1885 )   Save BACKGROUND: Autologous split-thickness skin grafting is the main therapy for burn repair at functional sites, which has achieved certain effects, but there are still some deficiencies, such as poor texture, stiffness and poor toughness, as well as severer hyperplasia that is easy to result in contracture deformity and poor functional recovery. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical efficacy of skin co-transplantation on burn repair at functional sites. METHODS: Sixty patients with burns at functional sites (n=84) were randomized into two groups: co-transplantation of acellular dermis and autologous split-thickness skin in experimental group and autologous split-thickness skin graft in control group. Survival rate of skin flap and rate of secondary operation were compared between two groups. At 1 month after transplantation, Vancouver Scar Scale was used to assess skin color, thickness, blood vessel distribution and flexibility, and meanwhile, the severity of scar was determined. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The survival rate of skin flap was significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group (93% vs. 70%, P < 0.05), and the rate of secondary operation was significantly lower in the experimental group compared with the control group (0 vs. 13%, P < 0.05). At 1 month after transplantation, scores on the skin color, thickness, blood vessel distribution and flexibility were all lower in the experimental group than the control group (P < 0.05), but the incidence of mild hyperplasia in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (52% vs. 29%, P < 0.05). These findings indicate that co-transplantation of acellular allogeneic dermis and autologous split-thickness skin for burn repair at functional sites can effectively enhance the survival rate of skin flap, reduce the rate of secondary operation, contribute to wound healing and reduce the severity of hyperplasia. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Dorsal foot flap transplantation for skin and soft tissue defects of the hand: survival rate and success analysis Liang Yun-hai, Dong Ming, Liu Dong, Wen Zi-jun 2015, 19 (29):  4657-4661.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.013 Abstract ( 340 )   PDF (843KB) ( 240 )   Save BACKGROUND: Skin and soft tissue defects of hands are easy to appear due to different factors, such as trauma. Flap transplantation is a clinical treatment for soft tissue defects of hands. Dorsal foot flap, which is thicker with constant vessel traveling, is very suitable for repair of hand soft tissue defects. OBJECTIVE: To explore the success rate and survival rate of dorsal foot flap transplantation in the repair of hand skin and soft tissue defects. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 86 patients with skin and soft tissue defect of hands. These patients were respectively given conventional skin wound skin grafting (control group) and dorsal foot flap transplantation (observational group). Hand appearance, infection rate, perception recovery and complications were observed during the postoperative follow-up. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Skin flaps all survived after grafting, and the texture of flaps was good. Patients were satisfied with hand shape and the recovery of hand function. After flap transplantation, one patient had local skin necrosis at the donor region, and the scar healed after dressing; another patient had venous crisis, and was given vascular re-anastomosis. In the observation group, the postoperative appearance was better than that of the control group, the infection rate was lower than that of the control group, the perception recovery was better, and there were fewer complications (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that the dorsal foot flap transplantation is better to repair skin and soft tissue defects in the hand.   中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Numerical modeling of a temperature field on the surface of skin tissues exposed to high temperature  Zhu Xiao-ming, Hu Zhi-gang, Liu Jing-da 2015, 19 (29):  4662-4666.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.014 Abstract ( 346 )   PDF (1027KB) ( 340 )   Save BACKGROUND: Researchers suggest that thermal damage happens when the temperature of biological tissues is over 44 ℃. Accurate analysis of burn range will facilitate diagnosis and therapy of skin burns. OBJECTIVE: To establish the mathematical model of the skin tissues subjected to high temperature and to analyze heat transfer process, and then to predict the burn range of the skin. METHODS: A finite element method was used to simulate the temperature field when the skin tissue was burned. And the relevant animal experiment was conducted to identify the mathematical model. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The temperature field was obtained by using the finite element method and the variation tendency between the theoretical data and the experimental data were agreed, but they did not fully coincide. The scope of skin burn can be predicted by the present finite element method, and help to research the process of heat transfer.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Three-dimensional finite element analysis of stress distribution of mandibular condylar under indirect force  Wu Fu-hua, Huang Di-yan, Guo Zhen-guo, Du Mei-juan, Ma Ning, Niu Jin-cheng 2015, 19 (29):  4667-4671.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.015 Abstract ( 292 )   PDF (1565KB) ( 294 )   Save BACKGROUND: Condylar fracture can occur under direct and indirect forces, and however, its risk and correlation with the impact site are rarely reported. OBJECTIVE: To quickly establish normal mandible three-dimensional finite element model and to analyze the strain conditions of the condyle under force at different parts of the mandible. METHODS: An adolescent volunteer was examined by multilayer spiral CT scans, whose mandible was normal and oral cavity was healthy. We used the reverse engineering software Mimics and large finite element software MSC.Patran to establish the three-dimensional finite element model of the mandible and to verify the feasibility of the model in the impact test at the body of the mandible, chin, mandibular angle and condyle. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A rapid establishment of mandible dimensional finite element biomechanical model could reproduce the morphology of the mandible, which was able to obtain the overall visual impression of the mandibular condyle. Geometric model included 80 044 nodes and 18 441 units. The mandibular chin, one side of the body, mandibular angle and condyle were given 100 N force respectively. The maximum equivalent stress of the bone cortex appeared in condylar region. So the mandibular condylar fractures were at the greatest risk. Experimental results contribute to mechanically analyze the condylar fracture type and to judge the severity of fractures. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Bone mass change and aesthetic outcomes in the upper anterior tooth area after immediate-delayed implantation Zhang Ning, Yao Xi, Du Wen-hua, Li Hong-mei, Li Yun-sheng 2015, 19 (29):  4672-4676.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.016 Abstract ( 321 )   PDF (761KB) ( 294 )   Save BACKGROUND: A large amount of apicocoronal and buccolingual bone resorption occur in alveolar bone after tooth extraction, leading to the distinct shortage of bone mass of alveolar bone in tooth-missing area, which has a certain effect on the stability of early implantatiion and postoperative aesthetic outcomes and greatly affects the long-term success rate of denture implantation. Therefore, immediate-delayed implantation can shorten the time of repair.  OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of implant repair after immediate-delayed implantation and application of guided bone regeneration technique in anterior maxilla area. METHODS: Nineteen patients (28 teeth lost) with maxillary anterior tooth loss and labial one-walled bone defects were selected. Twenty-eight OSSTEM implants were implanted at 4 weeks after tooth extraction. Guided bone regeneration technique was applied concurrently in labial bone defect area. The secondary repair was performed after 6 months.  RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The success rate of these 28 implants was 100% at 24 months after denture implantation. The peri-implant bone height loss at 6, 12 and 24 months was 0.1, 0.6 and 0.11 mm, respectively. Red aesthetic scores were satisfactory. Immediate-delayed implantation combined with application of guided bone regeneration technique for treatment of maxillary anterior tooth loss and mild bone defect can restore the height and width of peri-implant bone and acquire stable vertical bone resorption and satisfactory gingival aesthetic outcomes . 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Full-arch dental implant restoration versus sectional repair for dentulous mandible  Qin Tai-ping 2015, 19 (29):  4677-4681.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.017 Abstract ( 484 )   PDF (713KB) ( 285 )   Save BACKGROUND: Full-arch dental implant and sectional repair are mainly for patients with edentulous mandible, both of which have their own characteristics. Full-arch dental implant restoration is suitable for the mandibular protection, but has unfavorable effects on the prosthesis; segmented restoration has better effects on the prosthesis. OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical effectiveness of full-arch dental implant and sectional repair in edentulous mandible patients as well as patient satisfaction. METHODS: Forty patients with edentulous mandible underwent full-arch dental implant restoration (n=28) or sectional repair (n=12). After restoration, all the patients were followed for 1 year. Clinical examination and X-ray observations were performed to evaluate the osseointegration rate. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The success rate of implants was 100% in the full-arch group and 98% in the sectional repair group, and there was no difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). The successful restoration rates were 96.5% and 98% in the two groups, respectively, with no significant difference (P > 0.05). Bone resorption showed no difference between the two groups at 3-4 months after implantation or at 12 months after restoration. Patients in the two groups were all satisfied with masticatory function, fixed effect, subjective comfort and pronunciation are satisfactory, and there was no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05). However, beautiful evaluation, maintenance convenience and total satisfaction were significantly higher in the full-arch  group than the sectional repair group (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that both full-arch dental implant restoration and sectional repair can have better effects on edentulous mandible, but the former one is superior to the latter one in the following aspects: beautiful evaluation, maintenance convenience and total satisfaction. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Hydrogen-rich water inhibits mitochondrial oxidative stress and inflammation in the skeletal muscle after eccentric exercise  Wang Lei, Liu Zi-quan, Hou Yi-ling, Ge Yao-jun 2015, 19 (29):  4682-4687.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.018 Abstract ( 531 )   PDF (1096KB) ( 432 )   Save BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether hydrogen-rich water can be used to protect skeletal muscle injury induced by eccentric exercise, as well as the relative mechanism. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of hydrogen-rich water on the mitochondrial oxidative stress and inflammation in rat skeletal muscle after eccentric exercise, and to investigate the relative signaling pathway of hydrogen-rich water. METHODS: Forty Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, eccentric exercise group, eccentric exercise+saline group, and eccentric exercise+hydrogen-rich water group. Rats in three eccentric exercise groups were exercised on a motor-driven rodent treadmill at a speed of 16-18 m/min and a slope of -16° for 90 minutes per day. Rats in the eccentric exercise+hydrogen-rich water group were subjected to intraperitoneal injection of hydrogen-rich water (10 mL/kg) immediately after exercise; and rats in the eccentric exercise+saline group were administrated with normal saline after exercise. All the interventions lasted for 5 days. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Hydrogen-rich water intervention after eccentric exercise could markedly enhance the mitochondrial Sirtuin-3 expression, improve the mitochondrial membrane potential and activity of manganese superoxide dismutase, down-regulate the mitochondrial reactive oxygen species generation and  mitochondrial DNA oxidative damage, thus inhibiting inflammatory cytokines expression, such as NLRP3 and interleukin-1β. The results indicated that hydrogen-rich saline could directly scavenge reactive oxygen species. In addition, hydrogen-rich water could improve mitochondrial energy metabolism and antioxidant capacity through up-regulation of Sirtuin-3, which in turn inhibits eccentric exercise-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress and secondary inflammation in the skeletal muscle.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Effect and mechanism of IKK-2 receptor blocker on corneal stromal fibroblasts  Zhong Wei, Jiang Hong, Zhao Jing 2015, 19 (29):  4688-4694.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.019 Abstract ( 220 )   PDF (1017KB) ( 257 )   Save BACKGROUND: Corneal stromal fibroblasts have been shown to express interleukin-8 in the stimulation of lipopolysaccharide. Different reactions of fibroblasts to lipoprotein or other inflammatory mediators may constitute different characteristics of different tissues in the inflammatory response. OBJECTIVE: To observe the inhibitory effect of IKK-2 receptor blocker TPCA-1 on human corneal stromal fibroblasts to secrete inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and cell adhesion molecules under the stimulation of lipopolysaccharide and its signal transduction pathway, to compare with dexamethasone, and to explore alternative or synergistic effects after their combination. METHODS: This study measured the secretion of interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-6, and interleukin-8 from cultured human corneal stromal fibroblasts under the action of basic state and lipopolysaccharide, and their changes after the intervention with IKK-2 receptor blocker TPCA-1 and dexamethasone. We also detected expression level of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and interleukin-6 in cell surface, and verified the changes in expression levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1, interleukin-6, and interleukin-8 from mRNA level, as well as examined the expression of nuclear factor kappa B under above conditions.  RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Lipopolysaccharide induced the secretion of interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 from human corneal stromal fibroblasts, and their expressions were increased. IKK-2 receptor blocker TPCA-1 could inhibit above effects. The inhibitory effect of TPCA-1 was done by blocking nuclear transcription factor kappa B signal transduction, and was identical to the inhibitory effect of dexamethasone, but by different signal transduction pathway. These data indicate that IKK-2 receptor blocker and dexamethasone have synergistic effects. IKK-2 receptor blocker may become an alternative to dexamethasone in treatment of infectious corneal diseases.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

CD36 expression in monocytes and ankylosing spondylitis  Qin Wei, Lian Kai, Guo Qing 2015, 19 (29):  4695-4699.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.020 Abstract ( 271 )   PDF (826KB) ( 311 )   Save BACKGROUND: Ankylosing spondylitis is an autoimmune disease involved in chronic systemic inflammation. Tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6 levels increased in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-6 can suppress CD36 expression in monocytes. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the correlation between CD36 expression in monocytes and ankylosing spondylitis. METHODS: A total of 84 newly diagnosed ankylosing spondylitis patients and 111 healthy individuals were included in this study. CD36 expressions in monocytes in ankylosing spondylitis patients and healthy individuals were tested using flow cytometer; meanwhile, biochemistry, immunology, routine blood examination and related inflammatory markers were determined between the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Results of baseline data in both groups demonstrated that CD36 fluorescence intensity in monocytes was significantly lower in patients with ankylosing spondylitis compared with healthy controls (P < 0.01). CD36 fluorescence intensity in monocytes was negatively correlated with C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation, interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor. In addition, CD36 fluorescence intensity in monocytes was negatively correlated with BASDAI score. Logistic regression analysis showed that erythrocyte sedimentation, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor and CD36 fluorescence intensity in monocytes were associated with ankylosing spondylitis, and risk factors for ankylosing spondylitis (P < 0.05). These findings confirm that inflammatory cytokine in patients with ankylosing spondylitis weakened the expression of CD36 in monocytes. There was a remarkable association between low expression of CD36 expression in monocytes and ankylosing spondylitis. CD36 expression of monocytes clinically may be considered to be an effective indicator to  evaluate inflammation and disease activity in patients with ankylosing spondylitis. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha in human lumbar nucleus pulposus of different herniated types  Liu Xing-zhen, Fu Zhi-yi, Shen Kang-ping, Jin Wen-jie, Wu Yu-jie 2015, 19 (29):  4700-4709.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.021 Abstract ( 225 )   PDF (797KB) ( 225 )   Save BACKGROUND: Under hypoxic environment, hypoxia inducible factor-1 plays an important role in regulation of hypoxia-induced gene expression in the intervertebral disc. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 consists of α and β subunits, and which hypoxia inducible factor-1α determines the stability and activity of hypoxia-inducible factor-1. OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α in the human lumbar nucleus pulposus of different herniated types and to judge their relationships. METHODS: A total of 60 nucleus pulposus samples were harvested from the lumbar vertebra, including 41 from L4-5 and 19 from L5-S1, and then divided into protruded group and sequestered group, with 30 cases in each group. Meanwhile, another 10 samples of lumbar nucleus pulposus served as controls. Hematoxylin-eosin staining and streptavidin-biotin peroxidase complex immunohistochemical technique were used to observe the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α in the human lumbar nucleus pulposus in different groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The expression level of hypoxia inducible factor-1α was (58.2±7.5)% in the sequestered group, (27.3±2.3)% in the protruded group, and (10.5±4.7)% in the control group, which was significantly higher in the sequestered group than the other two groups (P < 0.01). These findings indicate that the expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1α in the lumbar nucleus pulposus is associated with the herniated types, which is the highest in the prolapse sequestered type. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia-inducible factor suppress chondrocyte apoptosis Zhou Jian-lin, Fang Hong-song, Peng Hao, Deng Shuang, Weng Jin-qing, Liu Feng, Chen Sen, Zhou Guan-jin 2015, 19 (29):  4705-4709.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.022 Abstract ( 215 )   PDF (671KB) ( 290 )   Save BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis is a joint disease that primarily affects the cartilage. With the changes of the extracellular matrix, chondrocytes appear to have apoptosis. Vascular endothelial growth factor plays an important role in promoting endothelial cell division and proliferation and inducing angiogenesis. Hypoxia-inducible factor is a cellular transcription factor and produces different reactions due to the oxygen content. Vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia-inducible factor are focused on inhibiting chondrocyte apoptosis. OBJECTIVE: To elaborate the effects of vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia-inducible factors on chondrocyte apoptosis. METHODS: Recent literatures related to chondrocyte apoptosis were summarized and analyzed. During the process of osteoarthritis, changes in vascular endothelial growth factors in chondrocytes and regulatory effects of vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia-inducible factor on chondrocyte apoptosis were elaborated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Vascular endothelial growth factor promote the survival of chondrocytes by upregulating the expression of anti-apoptotic factors, and hypoxia-inducible factor can increase the activity of chondrocytes and extracellular matrix synthesis, which has become an important target for inhibition of chondrocyte apoptosis. However, the correlation between vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia-inducible factor remains to be further studied. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Prospect of tissue-engineered tendons in clinical applications: how to improve mechanical properties, tissue integration and late-stage degradation Xu Peng-cheng, Wang Ji-hong, Wen Shu-zheng, Guo Wen 2015, 19 (29):  4710-4714.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.023 Abstract ( 209 )   PDF (737KB) ( 237 )   Save BACKGROUND: Tissue-engineered tendons have been used to repair the damaged tendon tissue. Use of tissue-engineered tendons for repair of tendon injury has become a hot spot in this research field. OBJECTIVE: To elaborate the types, advantages and disadvantages of seed cells, the design method, advantages and disadvantages of scaffold materials, and the factors that induced the formation of tendon, so as to promote the optimization of each joint, all of which benefit for mature construction of tissue-engineered tendons. METHODS: The related reviews and paper reports of tendon tissue engineering published from January 2000 to January 2015 were retrieved from Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China Knowledge Resources Database (CNKI) series database, Chinese Citation Database and PubMed database. The key words were “tissue engineering; tendon; tendon defect”. The research progress of seed cells, scaffold material and induction factors were analyzed. RESULTS AND COMCLUSION: The recent research of tissue-engineered tendons for repair of tendon injury has   been summarized. Seed cells, scaffold, induction factors were discussed. Tendon stem cells, as a kind of seed cells, are currently the first choice in the process of tissue engineering tendon research, because tendon stem cells have the homology of the homogenous or autologous tendons and possess strong differentiation and proliferation capacities. However, there have been no systematic schemes regarding acquisition and proliferation and culture of tendon stem cells. The currently designed tissue-engineered tendons cannot meet the clinical requirements because of poor mechanical properties of tendon tissue, poor integration with the host tissue, being susceptible to degradation in late period and functional disuse. Induction factors are the laft key factors for tissue-engineered tendons for repair of tendon injury. The selection and use of induction factors are prerequisites for the regulation of tendon tissue development. But the categories of induction factors and the association and interrelationship between induction factors have not been fully clear and studies are needed to further investigate these uncertainties. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Stress in tendon healing  Guo Wen, Wang Ji-hong, Wen Shu-zheng, Xu Peng-cheng 2015, 19 (29):  4715-4720.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.024 Abstract ( 310 )   PDF (743KB) ( 242 )   Save BACKGROUND: As mechanical load-bearing tissues, tendons have unique biomechanical characteristics. Mechanical loading is necessary in tendon development, and the tendon can alter its structure and biological behaviors in response to the various mechanical loading conditions. OBJECTIVE: To fully understand the healing process and biomechanical properties of the damaged tendon so as to know the researching progress in the role of stress in the tendon healing process. METHODS: An electronic search of Chinese Biomedical Literature Database and PubMed databases was done for collection of reviews and papers addressing stress effects on tendon healing, and then we analyzed the role of stress in the healing process of tendon from the micro and macro levels. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Totally 59 relevant articles were enrolled. Tendon is sensitive to stress, and it can change its structure and biological reaction in response to different stress loadings. Proper stress stimulus to the tendon is necessary to the tendon development and healing. How to achieve a good balance between the lowest (resulting in alienation effect) and the highest stress loadings (resulting in minimally invasive injury) during the clinical tendon healing is a challenge. At present the treatment of tendon injuries is still a huge challenge to clinicians, and the vast majority of tendon injuries belong to tissue healing.   中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Micro-inflammatory state and calcification Qin Chao-shi, Li Xiao-yan, Jiang Xue-jun, Feng Gao-ke 2015, 19 (29):  4721-4725.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.025 Abstract ( 250 )   PDF (763KB) ( 207 )   Save  BACKGROUND: In recent years, pathological calcification such as vascular calcification has been an active deposition of the mineralizer in the abnormal parts, can promote the occurrence and development of many diseases. Moreover, extensive studies believe that micro-inflammatory state is strongly associated with pathological calcification. OBJECTIVE: To further summarize the relationship between micro-inflammatory state and calcification based on the relationship between inflammatory factor and calcification-related factors. METHODS: A computer-based search of CNKI, Wanfang database and PubMed database from January 2000 to January 2015 was performed for articles addressing the relationship between micro-inflammatory state and calcification. The key words were “calcification, micro-inflammatory state, inflammatory factor” in Chinese and English. RESULTS AND CONCLUTION: Micro-inflammatory state is a non-dominant inflammatory state, caused by an infection of non-pathogenic microorganisms, mainly for the elevated inflammatory protein, inflammatory cytokines in the systemic circulation. At present, pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and acute phase protein C reactive protein were considered as the objective and sensitive detection index of micro-inflammation state. A large number of studies have found that a slight elevation of interleukin-1, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and C reactive protein was positively correlated with calcification promoting factors, which illustrated that the micro-inflammatory state has the role of promoting the calcification.   中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Chinese medicine intervention for steroid-induced necrosis of the femoral head: from basic study to clinical application Zhou Zheng-xin 2015, 19 (29):  4726-4730.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.026 Abstract ( 334 )   PDF (826KB) ( 235 )   Save  BACKGROUND: Chinese herbal medicine for treatment of steroid-induced necrosis of the femoral head has been shown to be effective, but its mechanism remains controversial.OBJECTIVE: To retrieve and summarize the mechanism of Chinese herbal medicine for steroid-induced necrosis of the femoral head in recent 10 years.METHODS: We retrieved articles addressing the mechanism of Chinese herbal medicine for intervention of steroid-induced necrosis of the femoral head in China National Knowledge Infrastructure published from January 2005 to December 2014. The key words were femur head necrosis, hormones, drugs, and Chinese herbal. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 23 articles were selected for discussion. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Studies concerning the mechanism of Chinese medicine for steroid-induced necrosis of the femoral head mainly focus on lowering blood lipid and anticoagulation, improving blood rheology, reducing intraosseous pressure, promoting angiogenesis and inhibiting apoptosis, as well as cytokines and related factors. This study mainly concerns classical formulae, empirical prescription and various Chinese patent medicines, but does not address differentiation of symptoms and signs for classification of syndrome, diagnosis and treatment based on an overall analysis of the illness and the patient’s condition, targeted rule of treatment, and prescription drugs.   中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide and beta-collagen special sequence for the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis Zou Jun, Yuan Chen-xi, Zhu Hong-jun, Lu Ying, Lin Min, Chen Yi-jia, Wang Jun-hua, Xu Jia-xuan 2015, 19 (29):  4731-4735.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.027 Abstract ( 452 )   PDF (762KB) ( 442 )   Save BACKGROUND: Procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) and β-collagen special sequence (β-CrossLaps) are two bone metabolic markers that are closely related to osteoporosis. Combined detection of bone metabolic markers and bone mineral density is of clinical significance for the diagnosis of osteoporosis. Bone metabolic markers are ideal indicators to predict fractures, which can compensate for the lack of bone density test. OBJECTIVE: To introduce the application of bone metabolic markers in the monitoring of drug efficacy on the treatment of osteoporosis as well as in the prediction of fracture risks in recent 20 years and to explore the clinical values of P1NP and β-CrossLaps to assess the therapeutic efficacy on osteoporosis and risks for osteoporotic fractures. METHODS: A computer-based search of CNKI and SCI databases were performed for relevant articles published from 2000 to 2014 using the keywords of “serum bone metabolic markers; osteoporosis; bone mineral density” in Chinese and English, respectively. Finally, 44 articles meeting the inclusive criteria were reviewed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: This paper analyzes the source and detection mechanisms of P1NP and β-CrossLaps and then compares their advantages in the therapeutic effect assessment of osteoporosis. Serum bone metabolic markers cannot only reflect the dynamic changes of bone metabolism, but also have earlier changes than the bone mineral density. Both P1NP and β-CrossLaps are very important for assessing the early diagnosis of osteoporosis as well as anti-osteoporosis drug efficacy.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Tissue engineering technology for articular cartilage repair: how to construct a new compound pattern?   Yang Rui-tao, Song Hui-ping 2015, 19 (29):  4736-4741.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.028 Abstract ( 134 )   PDF (747KB) ( 315 )   Save BACKGROUND: Articular cartilage has limited ability to repair itself, and the traditional means are difficult to repair articular cartilage defects, but articular cartilage tissue engineering provides new methods and approaches for large-area articular cartilage defects. OBJECTIVE: To review the current status, problems and prospects of tissue engineering technology in articular cartilage repair. METHODS: The retrieval of PubMed database was performed for articles published from 1982 to 2015, with the keywords of “articular cartilage, repair, tissue engineering” in English. Literatures related to tissue engineering repair of articular cartilage were included, but repetitive studies were excluded. Finally 39 articles were reserved in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Excellent seed cells have chondrogenic differentiation potential, and currently, the main seed cells for articular cartilage repair include mesenchymal stem cells, embryonic stem cells, adipose-derived stem cells and precartilaginous stem cells. Different growth factors, which can induce the in vivo growth of host parenchymal cells, improve seeded cell stability, and accelerate tissue regeneration, tend to be combined in clinical application. Composite scaffolds are also one of hot researches that can promote cell  inoculation and spatial distribution as well as accelerate cell proliferation. To obtain the best effectiveness of articular cartilage repair, how to optimize seed cells, select and match scaffold materials to construct new types of composite patterns is an important direction in the future. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Tibial eminence avulsion fracture of the anterior cruciate ligament fixed with arthroscopic double-steel wire clip   Xie Jing-rui, Chen Bin, Zhang Ning-sheng, Feng Xiao-reng, Lin Kun 2015, 19 (29):  4742-4746.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.029 Abstract ( 184 )   PDF (846KB) ( 234 )   Save BACKGROUND: Conventional surgical repair can cause large traumas in patients with knee injuries, and patients often recover slowly after implant fixation, most of whom can appear to have poor recovery of knee function. OBJECTIVE: To explore the follow-up effect of arthroscopic double-steel wire clip fixation on tibial eminence avulsion fracture of anterior cruciate ligament. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 23 patients with tibial eminence avulsion fractures, who were given arthroscopic double-steel wire clip fixation. The patients were followed up for 1-6 months. Short- and middle-term therapeutic effect as well as IKDC and Lysholm scores before and after treatment were observed and analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The operation time was 35-65 minutes, and no complications, such as blood, nerve and anterior cruciate ligament injuries occurred. Moreover, no infection and other poor biocompatible reactions occurred after internation fixation. All patients were followed up for 1-6 months. The excellent and good rate was 87% at 1 month after treatment and 96% at 6 months after treatment. All the patients had improved IKDC score and Lysholm score after treatment (P < 0.05), indicating that the knee function of patients was improved significantly.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

Lateral retinacular release and patella ligament reconstruction under arthroscopy for recurrent patellar dislocations Chen Hui, Wang Qun, Yan Shuang-xi, Dong Tian-yun, Zou Hai-bing 2015, 19 (29):  4747-4751.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.030 Abstract ( 271 )   PDF (818KB) ( 219 )   Save BACKGROUND: Arthroscopy can observe the involutive relation of patellofemoral joint directly and dynamically, which can be used to judge whether the patellofemoral joint abnormalities can be completely corrected. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical effect of lateral retinacular release and ligament reconstruction under arthroscope for patella recurrent dislocation. METHODS: A total of 58 patients diagnosed as having recurrent patellar dislocations were divided randomly into control and experimental groups, with 29 cases in each group. Patients in the control group received lateral retinacular release and ligament reconstruction under common operation and those in the experimental group received lateral retinacular release and ligament reconstruction under arthroscopy. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was no significant difference in the Lysholm and Kujala scores before treatment in the two groups (P > 0.05), but at 12 months after treatment, the Lysholm and Kujala scores were both increased in the two groups, especially in the treatment group (P < 0.05). No difference was found in the congruence angle and lateral patellofemoral angle with CT value at 30° of knee flexion (P > 0.05), and CT measurement values of the congruence angle and lateral patellofemoral angle were both decreased in the two groups, especially in the experimental group, at 12 months after treatment. In addition, the operation time, healing time, and total effective rate were better in the experimental group than the control group (P < 0.05). These results indicate that the lateral retinacular release and ligament reconstruction under arthroscopy has a better effect on recurrent patellar dislocation. 中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程   Figures and Tables | Related Articles | Metrics

Select

“Tongmai songjin yigu” massage therapy for lumbar spinal stenosis: a randomized controlled trial   Fan Qing, Wu Ying, Li Hua-nan, Zhang Wei, Hai Xing-hua, Zhao Na, Wang Jin-gui 2015, 19 (29):  4752-4756.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2015.29.031 Abstract ( 307 )   PDF (1853KB) ( 232 )   Save BACKGROUND: Chinese medicine therapy is effective for patients with mild-to-moderate lumbar spinal stenosis and also has a better long-term effect than surgical patients, which can enhance perioperative efficacy and prevent spinal restenosis. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of “Tongmai songjin yigu” massage therapy on lumbar spinal stenosis. METHODS: Eighty-four patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis were randomly and equally divided into treatment group and control group. Treatment group were treated with “Tongmai songjin yigu” massage therapy; patients in the control group were treated according to the guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of common disease in orthopedics and traumatology promulgated by China Association of Chinese Medicine, once a day, continuous for 2 weeks. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After treatment, the visual analog scale score in the treatment group was improved significantly (P < 0.05), and there was a significant difference in the Japanese Orthopaedic Association Scores on subjective symptom and daily life between the treatment and control groups (P < 0.05). The effective rate of the treatment group was higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that “Tongmai songjin yigu” massage therapy is better than traditional massage, but clinical large-sample studies are required.  中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程 Figures and Tables | References | Related Articles | Metrics