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18 March 2012, Volume 16 Issue 12 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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注射型可吸收聚氨基酸/硫酸钙复合材料动物体内降解吸收及促成骨作用*★ Jiang Yong1, Zhang Shuai1, Zhou Yong1, Min Li1, Yi Min1, Duan Hong1, Tu Chong-qi1, Yan Yong-gang2 2012, 16 (12):  2091-2094.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.001 Abstract ( 429 )   PDF (359KB) ( 358 )   Save BACKGROUND: With fewer traumas to the body, injectable artificial bone can be implanted into the body through the percutaneous injection. Meanwhile, the material can be any shape to fill bone defects. But now in clinic, there is no injectable artificial bone substitute product with the better ability of bone formation, which can be completely degraded and absorbed in vivo. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the degradation, absorption and osteogenesis in vivo ability of injectable and absorbable polyamine acid/calcium sulfate (PAA/CS) composites (containing 70% calcium sulfate), and to observe the ability to repair bone defects. METHODS: A 5 mm×10 mm size bone defect model was made on the femoral condyle of 48 New Zealand white rabbits, which were randomly divided into experimental group (the defect was implanted with injectable and absorbable PAA/CS composites) and blank control group (without intervention). RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: X-ray examination showed the defect of the experimental group was gradually filled by callus, at 16 weeks postoperation, the bone defects were recovered to normal cancellous bone density and the moulding was finished; the defects of the blank control group were inconspicuously repaired. Histological examination (hematoxylin-eosin staining and MASSON staining) showed that at 4 weeks postoperation, the material began to degrade and new original trabecular bone extended into the material; at 12 weeks postoperation, woven bone turned into shelf bone; at 16 weeks postoperation, the material was completely degraded and absorbed and the bone defects were repaired by new bone tissue completely. The injectable and absorbable PAA/CS composites can be completely degraded and absorbed in vivo, with a certain activity of bone formation, expected to be used as bone repair materials.   Related Articles | Metrics

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A modified electrospun polylactic acid/collagen scaffold for ureteral tissue engineering reconstruction in vitro  Xu Yong-de, Fu Wei-jun, Shi Jian-guo, Tan Hai-song, Zhang Xu 2012, 16 (12):  2095-2098.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.002 Abstract ( 258 )   PDF (542KB) ( 371 )   Save BACKGROUND: Polylactic acid is a widely used scaffold material, but its hydrophobicity and lack of cell recognition signal limit its application. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of constructing a tissue engineered ureter using a modified polylactic acid/typeⅠ collagen compound scaffold in vitro.  METHODS: Electrospinning polylactic acid naofibrous scaffolds were dipped into a acetic acid solution of type-Ⅰ collagen to make the collagen absorbed onto the nanofiber surface. Then ureter epithelial cells were seeded separately onto the modified electrospun polylactic acid naofibrous scaffolds or control scaffolds. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay results confirmed that there was higher cellular activity in the collagen modified compound scaffolds, which was superior to cells untreated electrospinning polylactic acid scaffold at each time point. Scanning electron microscope showed that the most part of the surface of the modified scaffold was covered with ureter epithelial cells at 5 days after seeding. The modified polylactic acid/type collagen compound scaffold can obviously increase adhesion, growth and proliferation of the seeded cells, and has potential applications in ureteral tissue engineering reconstruction. Related Articles | Metrics

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Repair of tibial nerve defects by tacrolimus sustained-release poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) conduits in rats Lin Hui-xin, Zhang Zhen-wei 2012, 16 (12):  2099-2104.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.003 Abstract ( 299 )   PDF (460KB) ( 384 )   Save BACKGROUND: Although the peripheral nerve function of rats with nerve defects can be partially recovered following repair with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) conduits, the regenerated nerve is smaller in diameter and contains less nerve fibers compared with autogenous nervegrafting, as well as the maturity of the myelin and functional recovery cannot be compared with autogenous nerve grafting either. OBJECTIVE: To observe the feasibility of tacrolimus sustained-release poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) conduits for repair of tibial nerve defects in rats. METHODS: The SD rat models of right tibial nerve defects were established and divided into three groups randomly. The tibial nerve defect was repaired with autogenous tibial nerve, poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) conduits and tacrolimus sustained-release poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) conduits respectively in each group. The tibial nerve regeneration and functional recovery were observed by sciatic functional index assessment, electrophysiologic study, histological examination and the measurement of gastrocnemius wet weight at weeks 3, 6, and 12 postoperatively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The sciatic functional index assessment, electrophysiologic study, histological examination, as well as the measurement of gastrocnemius wet weight indicated that the nerve regeneration and functional recovery of autograft group and tacrolimus sustained-release poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) conduits group had better results than that of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) conduits group at weeks 6 and 12 postoperatively (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between autograft group and tacrolimus sustained-release poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) conduits group. It suggests that tacrolimus sustained-release poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) conduits for the repair of tibial nerve defects can promote nerve regeneration obviously and have a better effect on the functional recovery at advanced stage, which is similar to nerve autografts. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of Kirschner wire with simvastatin polylactic acid coatings on femoral fracture healing in ovariectomized rats Jiao Ao1, Zhang Liu1, Luo Yang2, Tian Fa-ming1, Zhang Ying-ze2 2012, 16 (12):  2105-2109.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.004 Abstract ( 299 )   PDF (517KB) ( 382 )   Save BACKGROUND: Preliminary studies have proved that oral administration of simvastatin can improve the quality and speed of fracture healing. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Kirschner wire followed simvastatin polylactic acid coatings on femoral fracture healing in ovariectomized rats. METHODS: Forty 12-week-old health female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups, fracture group, ovariectomized fracture group, polylactide group and simvastatin group. All the rats except those in the fracture group underwent bilateral ovariectomy to prepare the model of osteoporosis. The closed femur fractures of the rats were treated with Kirschner wire internal fixation 4 weeks later. The Kirschner wire in the polylactide group was coated with polylactide, and that in the simvastatin group was polylactide mixed with simvastatin (50 μg/implant). The Kirschner wires in the other groups were without treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the polylactide group, fracture line in the simvastatin group was less distincted, the periosteal reaction was fiercer, and the score of X-ray analysis was increased significantly (P < 0.05). Histopathological observation showed that new woven bone was more and arranged tightly and regularly in the simvastatin group. Immunohistochemical staining showed strong expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 positive cells in the simvastatin group and the integrated optical density value was significantly higher than that of the polylactide group (P < 0.05), but the level of vascular endothelial growth factor in the simvastatin group was significantly lower than those of the polylactide group and model group (P < 0.05). The polylactide mixed with simvastatin coatings can promote the healing of osteoporotic hip fracture in ovariectomized rats. Related Articles | Metrics

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Vertebroplasty with bone cement in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures★A 6-year follow-up Ren Lian1, Li Zhi-zhong1, Sui Jie2, Lin Yong-xin1, Jiao Gen-long1, Sun Guo-dong1 2012, 16 (12):  2110-2114.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.005 Abstract ( 277 )   PDF (232KB) ( 395 )   Save BACKGROUND: Percutaneous vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures has achieved very good results, but its long-term efficacy as well as impact on patients has been rarely reported so far. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the long-term effect of vertebroplasty with bone cement on osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures through a follow-up. METHODS: Thirty-four patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures who had undergone percutaneous vertebroplasty were recruited. Visual analogue scale scoring was measured and compared as well as lesioned vertebral height and kyphosis angle shown on lateral X-ray examination prior to, 1 week and 6 years after percutaneous vertebroplasty. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The kyphosis angle was improved 1 week and 6 years after percutaneous vertebroplasty, and it changed insignificantly during the follow-up period. The vertebral height was also improved significantly after percutaneous vertebroplasty (P < 0.01); however, there was no obvious variation in the vertebral height at 1 week and 6 years after percutaneous vertebroplasty. The visual analogue scale exhibited an improvement after percutaneous vertebroplasty (P < 0.01); however, with time going by, the scoring on the visual analogue scale had an increased tend. All the parameters remained stable and had no large fluctuations. It is proved that the percutaneous vertebroplasty is effective and safe to treat osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures with an excellent long-term effect. Related Articles | Metrics

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Injection of polylactic acid-polyglycolic acid-recombinant human erythropoietin microspheres into chitin nerve regeneration chamber can promote sciatic nerve regeneration Huang Ya-zhou, Chen Qing-han, Ren Ming-ming 2012, 16 (12):  2115-2119.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.006 Abstract ( 306 )   PDF (473KB) ( 397 )   Save BACKGROUND: Erythropoietin (EPO) plays an important role in hematopoiesis as well as in the repair of nervous system injury. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of polylactic acid-polyglycolic acid-recombinant human erythropoietin microspheres on sciatic nerve regeneration. METHODS: Sixty female SD rats were randomly divided into three groups, 20 rats in each group. The bilateral sciatic nerve defect model was prepared (1 cm defect) and the absorbable chitin nerve regeneration chamber was prepared. The chambers of the rats in the experimental group were injected with polylactic acid-polyglycolic acid-recombinant human erythropoietin microspheres, chambers of the rats in the control group were injected with polylactic acid-polyglycolic acid microspheres and chambers of the rats in the blank control group were injected with normal saline in the same dose. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The conduction velocity of the regeneration nerve in the experimental group was better than that in the control group and blank control group, and the conduction velocity at the 12th week was better than that at the 6th week. There was significant difference (P < 0.05). S-100 immunohistochemistry and Loyezs neural staining showed that the number of nerve fibers in experimental group was more that in control group and blank control group, and the number of nerve fibers at the 12th week was more than that at the 6th week; the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Polylactic acid-polyglycolic acid-recombinant human erythropoietin microspheres has the effect of promoting sciatic nerve regeneration and functional recovery. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and examination in vitro of transforming growth factor beta 1 gene releasing chitosan nanoparticles Lu Hua-ding, Lü Lu-lu, Zhao Hui-qing, Wang Kun 2012, 16 (12):  2120-2124.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.007 Abstract ( 247 )   PDF (548KB) ( 418 )   Save BACKGROUND: As non-viral gene vectors, chitosan have the low cytotoxicity, low immunogenicity, good biocompatibility, and high positive charge density. It can easily interact with negatively charged DNA through electrostatic interactions to form chitosan-DNA nanoparticles which can prevent nuclease degradation. OBJECTIVE: To prepare chitosan nanoparticles carrying recombinant human transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) gene and to detect the sustained release efficiency and gene transfect against chondrocytes in vitro. METHODS: The chitosan/plasmid enhanced green fluorescent protein-TGF-β1 (chitosan/pEGFP-TGF-β1) nanoparticles were prepared by a complex coacervation method with chitosan and plasmid DNA (pDNA) which loaded EGFP gene and recombinant human TGF-β1 gene. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The prepared chitosan/pEGFP-TGF-β1 nanoparticles were spherical. Their particle size and Zeta potential were highly correlated with pH value. With the increase of pH value, the particle size increased and the Zeta potential decreased. The nanoparticles could effectively protect pDNA from degradation against nucleases. The encapsulation rate of pEGFP-TGF-β1 was (87.5±2.3)%; and pEGFP-TGF-β1 could be slowly released from the nanoparticles. Gene transfection in vitro proved that chitosan/pEGFP-TGF-β1 nanoparticles were efficient in transfecting chondrocytes and the expression of green fluorescent proteins was observed. Chitosan/pEGFP-TGF-β1 nanoparticles can effectively protect pDNA from nuclease degradation, have controlled release ability of TGF-β1 gene, and can mediate gene transfection against chondrocytes. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of chitosan-coated levodopa nanoliposomes on behaviour and levels of phosphorylated Mr 32 000 dopamine- and cyclic adenosine monophosphate-regulated phosphoprotein in rats with dyskinesia  Wang Lei, Yan Dan, Xiao Hai-bing, Sun Sheng-gang, Xu Yan 2012, 16 (12):  2125-2128.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.008 Abstract ( 399 )   PDF (270KB) ( 547 )   Save BACKGROUND: Levodopa is the main drug for treatment of Parkinson's disease, but most patients suffer from levodopa- induced dyskinesias after a long-term administration. OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of chitosan-coated levodopa nanoliposomes on behavioral characters and levels of phosphorylated Mr 32 000 dopamine- and cyclic adenosine monophosphate-regulated phosphoprotein (DARPP-32) in the striatum of rat models of levodopa-induced dyskinesia. METHODS: Unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned rat models of Parkinson’s disease were established in 25 rats and divided into three groups treated separately with chitosan-coated levodopa nanoliposomes (liposome group, n=10), carbidopa and levodopa (levodopa group, n=10), and normal saline (control group, n=5) once daily for 4 weeks. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Levels of phospho-Thr34 DARPP-32 in the striatum and scores of abnormal involuntary movement increased significantly in the levodopa group (P < 0.05) and liposome group (P < 0.05) compared with the control group. However in the liposome group, the expression of phospho-Thr34 DARPP-32 in the striatum decreased compared with the levodopa group, scores of abnormal involuntary movement decreased also, and the differences between them were significant  (P < 0.05). Chitosan-coated levodopa nanoliposomes may be useful in the prevention and treatment of dyskinesias to parkinsonian patients. Related Articles | Metrics

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Nano-hydroxyapatite/bone morphogenetic protein-2 culture with bone marrow stem cells in vitro*☆ Dai Ping1, Zhang Hong2, Chen Xing-lai1, Yuan Jian-hui3 2012, 16 (12):  2129-2132.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.009 Abstract ( 359 )   PDF (273KB) ( 348 )   Save BACKGROUND: Whether a combination of the nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) scaffolds with bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) is superimposed to promote or inhibit the bone marrow stromal stem cells, as well as its biocompatibility, remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: To observe the biocompatibility and bone formation activity of nHA/BMP-2 co-cultured with rabbit bone marrow stem cells in vitro. METHODS: Bone marrow stem cells obtained from rabbits were cultured and proliferated in DMEM medium in vitro. The cells at the third passage were inoculated into four mediums and according divided into four groups: control group, BMP-2 group, nHa group, and nHa/BMP-2 group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The cell diplo-proliferation time of control group and nHa group was longer than that in BMP-2 group and nHa/BMP-2 group. The cells proliferative activity calculated by MTT assay and bone formation activity based on the alkaline phosphatase method demonstrated statistical significant difference in BMP-2 group and nHa/BMP-2 group compared with control and nHa group (P < 0.01). Experimental findings indicate that, the tissue formation of nHA/BMP-2 not only has good biocompatibility with Bone marrow stem cells, but also could bring into full play the effect of BMP-2 for promoting the proliferation, differentiation, and bone formation activity of bone marrow stem cells. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of carbon coated iron nanoparticles carrying diamminedichloroplatinum on the chemotherapy sensitivity of laryngocarcinoma cells  Zhu Li1, Hou Nan2, Hu Guo-hua1 2012, 16 (12):  2133-2136.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.010 Abstract ( 315 )   PDF (380KB) ( 321 )   Save BACKGROUND: Nanometer technique is one of the effective ways to improve chemotherapy sensitivity of tumor cells by refining dosage form and target action of chemotherapy. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the depression effect of carbon coated iron nanoparticles carrying diamminedichloroplatinum (CCINs-DDP) on Hep-2 laryngocarcinoma cells and expression of caspase 3 and survivin mRNA. METHODS: Hep-2 laryngocarcinoma cells were intervened by iron-carbon nanoparticles and (or) normal saline dispersion of cisplatin. Cells interfered with normal saline were selected as controls. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay showed that cisplatin could inhibit cell growth of Hep-2 cells, and combined with the iron-carbon nanoparticles, the inhibitory effect was stronger. Cells were not adherent, appeared with slow proliferation and apoptosis. Reverse transcription-PCR results showed that caspase 3 mRNA level of the Hep-2 cells was significantly increased at co-cultured 5 days after treated with iron-carbon nanoparticles combined with cisplatin and simple treated with the cisplatin, but the expression of survivin mRNA was significantly decreased, which was more obviously after treated with iron-carbon nanoparticles combined with cisplatin, but simple application of iron-carbon nanoparticles had no effect on Hep-2 cells. It is indicated that CCINs-DDP can improve the chemotherapy sensitivity of Hep-2 laryngocarcinoma cells on the DDP and also improve therapeutic efficacy of chemotherapeutics.   Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and characterization of cisplatin-loaded super paramagnetic gamma-Fe2O3 nanoparticles  Qiu Jia-xuan1, 2, Lei Shui-jin3, He Yuan-qiao4, Mao Zong-fu1 2012, 16 (12):  2137-2140.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.011 Abstract ( 373 )   PDF (425KB) ( 667 )   Save BACKGROUND: Induced by external magnetic field, the chemotherapy drug loaded on magnetic nanocarrier can be directly collected on target therapy area, which will enhance the curative effect and reduce the toxicity and adverse reaction. OBJECTIVE: To prepare sodium alginate-modified magnetic nanoparticles and cisplatin-loaded magnetic nanoparticle medicine, and to study the magnetic properties of the products. METHODS: One-step reaction by the hydrolysis of Fe2+ in the aqueous solution of ethanolamine was employed for the preparation of magnetic nanoparticles. Sodium alginate was used as coupling agent to prepare magnetic nanoparticle medicine making magnetic nanoparticles and cisplatin interconnected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: X-ray diffraction patterns proved that the product was pure γ-Fe2O3 phase. Transmission electron microscope images indicated that the average diameter of magnetic nanoparticles was about 10 nm, which were coated by cisplatin. Super paramagnetic behavior could be detected in the magnetization curve. A relaxation rate of 0.116 02 mmol/ms was obtained by nuclear magnetic resonance. The as-prepared magnetic nanoparticles and the cisplatin-loaded magnetic nanoparticle medicine showed a good stability, the physical properties of which revealed that it had the potential characteristics as magnetic nanoparticle targeted medicine. Related Articles | Metrics

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Acellular dermal matrix for the repair of bile duct injury in Diannan small-ear pigs Chen Gang, Bai Jian-hua, Liu Qi-yu, Li Xiao-yan, Zhu Xin-feng, Wang Qian, Zhao Ying-peng, Li Jing-feng, Li Li 2012, 16 (12):  2141-2144.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.012 Abstract ( 347 )   PDF (408KB) ( 344 )   Save BACKGROUND: Acellular dermal matrix is available for burn, hernia repair, breast reconstruction, soft tissue reconstruction, etc. Research of repair for bile duct injury with acellular dermal matrix has not been previously reported in the recent literature. OBJECTIVE: To observe acellular dermal matrix effect on the repair of bile duct injury in Diannan small-ear pigs. METHODS: Bile duct injury models were established in 72 Diannan small-ear pigs which were randomly divided into three groups and treated with biliary intestinal anastomosis, expanded polytetrafluorethylene and acellular dermal matrix, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Total bilirubin level in the acellular dermal matrix group was lower than that in the other two groups at 2-4 months after treatment (P < 0.05). The expression of transforming growth factor β1 in the acellular dermal matrix group was higher as compared with the other two groups at 1-4 months after treatment (P < 0.05), and it decreased along with time passing. Regeneration of biliary epithelial cells, gland, vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle, even nerve was detected in the acellular dermal matrix group under light microscope and electron microscope. No similar detection occurred in other groups. biliary stricture, infection and rejection were not found in the acellular dermal matrix group. These findings suggest that acellular dermal matrix can be used to physiologically repair bile duct defects with less complications and good biocompatibility. Related Articles | Metrics

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Apoptosis of human laryngeal cancer cells induced by gold nanochain and anti-epidermal growth factor receptor/Au conjugate under near-infrared hyperthermia  Cong Lin-hai, Peng Shu-kun, He Xiao-guang, Yang Yi-bing 2012, 16 (12):  2145-2148.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.013 Abstract ( 328 )   PDF (372KB) ( 336 )   Save BACKGROUND: The gold nanoparticles have a killing effect on tumor cells under the near-infrared laser irradiation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the growth inhibition and heat killing effect of gold nanochain and anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)/Au conjugate on human laryngeal cancer Hep-2 cells under near-infrared hyperthermia. METHODS: The Hep-2 cells in the logarithmic growth phase were collected and divided into blank control group, irradiation group, gold nanochain irradiation group and anti-EGFR/Au irradiation group. After added with different culture medium, the near-infrared laser irradiation was performed in each group. Then the apoptosis of Hep-2 cells in different experimental groups was observed after the near-infrared laser irradiation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Inverted microscope observation showed that the Hep-2 cells in the blank control and irradiation groups were still active and the Hep-2 cells in the gold nanochain irradiation group were damaged significantly, while the Hep-2 cells in anti-EGFR/Au irradiation group were damaged more serious. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the Hep-2 cells in the gold nanochain irradiation and anti-EGFR/Au irradiation groups had a varying degree of apoptosis and the increasingly heavy damage with the time. The gold nanochain irradiation can kill Hep-2 cells and the anti-EGFR/Au irradiation has a better effect in a time-depended manner. Related Articles | Metrics

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Acellular vascular matrix materials for allogeneic transplantation: A 10-month study Fan Heng-hua1, Wu Ji1, Zhang Bo-xun2, Chen Ming-zhi1, Zhang Xin-he1, Zhu Ke-shun1 2012, 16 (12):  2149-2152.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.014 Abstract ( 323 )   PDF (472KB) ( 415 )   Save BACKGROUND: Up to now, allograft vascular transplantation has failed in clinical application, as antigenicity rejection of allogeneic tissues is unsolved. OBJECTIVE: To prepare acellular vascular matrix materials and to assess the feasibility of acellular vascular matrix materials used for allograft transplantation.   METHODS: A five-step process, including hypotonic, hypertonic solutions, 0.125% trypsogen, 1% Triton X-100 and 1% SDS detergents, was performed in the carotid arteries from three dogs. Histological examination and general tensile tests were done on the samples. And the acellular matrix allografts were transplanted into another five dogs.   RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The five-step process could remove all cells with the extracellular matrix well retained. The acellular matrix allografts (diameter of about 4 mm) were patent at explanting up to 10 months in dogs. The acellular arterial graft matrix was well prepared with the five-step process including detergents, such as Triton X-100, SDS and trypsogen without compromising the graft structure or mechanical properties significantly. And the carotid artery allografts decellularized by this process can be used directly in allogeneic transplantation, which are ideal to vascular transplantation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Growth patterns of cells with different implantation concentrations on the acellular vascular matrix*☆ Chi Yi-fan1, Xu Hui2, Lin Ming-shan1, Hou Wen-ming1, Niu Zhao-zhuo1, Sun Yong1, Sun Zhong-dong1, 2012, 16 (12):  2153-2157.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.015 Abstract ( 274 )   PDF (240KB) ( 389 )   Save BACKGROUND: How to successfully obtain compact endothelium layers on smooth muscle cells is the most crucial part for the tissue-engineered vessels. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of different cell implantation concentrations on the construction of the complete biological tissue-engineered blood vessels. METHODS: Different concentrations of porcine vascular smooth muscle cells (5×105, 5×107 cells/L) were implanted on the porcine acellular vascular matrix to culture for 3 days. Then different concentrations of endothelial progenitor cells (5×105,   5×107 cells/L) were implanted on the smooth muscle cell-vascular matrix composite to construct lamellar complete biological tissue-engineered blood vessels. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The growth curves of high concentrations of smooth muscle cells on the acellular vascular matrix were similar to that of low concentrations. Moreover, the growth curves of cells implanted in the culture plates were similar to that implanted on the acellular matrix. However, cells in the low concentration groups have relatively low proliferation activity and low coverage rate. The cell coverage rate decreased as follows: high concentrations of endothelial progenitor cells+acellular matrix containing high concentrations of smooth muscle cells > high concentrations of endothelial progenitor cells+acellular matrix containing low concentrations of smooth muscle cells > low concentrations of endothelial progenitor cells+acellular matrix containing high concentrations of smooth muscle cells > low concentrations of endothelial progenitor cells+acellular matrix containing low concentrations of smooth muscle cells. Moreover, high concentrations of endothelial progenitor cells form relatively compact layers on the acellular matrix and show cobble-like growth. These findings indicate that an increase in the cell implantation concentrations is beneficial to the rapid formation of compact cell layers on the material surface. Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation between central venous catheter-related staphylococcus epidermidis icaA, icaD, transforming growth factor beta 1 and biofilms in lung cancer patients**☆ Lei Yu-jie1, Huang Yun-chao1, Yang Li2, Guo Feng-li2, Xu Yu-shan3, Ye Lian-hua1, Chen Xiao-bo1, Zhao Guang-qiang1, He Meng1 2012, 16 (12):  2158-2162.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.016 Abstract ( 423 )   PDF (421KB) ( 409 )   Save BACKGROUND: It is confirmed that pathogenicity of biomaterials-centered infection is positive correlated to bacterial biofilm formation of Staphylococcus epidermidis on the surface of catheter-related materials.  OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relations between expressions of central venous catheter-related Staphylococcus epidermidis icaA, icaD, transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) and formation of bacterial biofilm. METHODS: The type of Staphylococcus epidermidis in lung cancer cases with catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) was indentified, followed by bacterial genomic DNA extraction. The expression of biofilm formation-related genes icaA, icaD mRNA and phenotype of biofilm were detected by PCR. The serum TGF-β1 levels in cases with or without CRBSI were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The expression of Staphylococcus epidermidis operon icaA and icaD gene was positive correlated to biofilm formation in lung cancer cases with CRBSI (P < 0.01); particularly, the TGF-β1 levels in CRBSI cases were greater than that of non-CRBSI cases (P < 0.05). The results demonstrated that, central venous catheter infection causes positive Staphylococcus epidermidis icaA and icaD gene expressions in lung cancer cases and is prone to form biofilm, high level of peripheral TGF-β1 may play a positive role in bacterial biofilm formation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of hemolysis tests instead of eye irritation testing in different mammalians Ao Hua-ying1, 2, Cheng Shu-jun2, Tan Wei-jun1 2012, 16 (12):  2163-2166.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.017 Abstract ( 326 )   PDF (335KB) ( 606 )   Save BACKGROUND: Alone or in combination of mammalian hemolysis test can replace Draize rabbit test in vivo to be used in the identity, screening and mechanical research of compound eye irritation. However, whether the differences in red blood cells (RBCs) between different species can affect the results is unclear. OBJECTIVE: To compare the substance classification of Wuzhishan micro-pig and rat red RBCs used in hemolysis test. METHODS: The RBC suspension from rat blood and Wuzhishan micro-pig blood was prepared for RBC hemolysis test. Toxicity endpoints of hemolysis and protein denaturation were analyzed in order to gain the 50% hemolytic dosage (HD50), protein denaturation index (DI), and the ratio of HD50/DI. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The eye irritation test of 22 known conference chemicals showed that the difference in substance classification of the two species of animals derived blood samples was not significant (P > 0.05). The difference was also not significant in the Wilcoxon signed rank test (S=8, P=0.304 7). The Kappa consistency test showed a mediocre accordance between the micro-pig blood and the rat blood [Kappa = 0.421 1, confidence interval (0.143 3, 0.698 8)]. It is indicated that the species differences contribute little to the results. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of opalescent porcelain enamel powder on the chrominance of alumina all-ceramic crowns  Liu Li, Zhou Qiong-ying, Ding Xiao-qing 2012, 16 (12):  2167-2170.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.018 Abstract ( 292 )   PDF (360KB) ( 386 )   Save BACKGROUND: Studies have proved that opalescent porcelain enamel powder has some effect on aesthetic effect of alumina all-ceramic crowns. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of opalescent porcelain enamel powder on the chrominance of alumina all-ceramic crowns. METHODS: Ten samples of alumina ceramic crowns with opalescent porcelain enamel powder, and 10 samples with ordinary porcelain enamel were prepared. The ceramic layer thickness of all samples was 2.0 mm. Then PR650 spectrophotometer color measurement instrument was used to measure chrominance of these samples with shade tabs color A2 regarded as the control color, including transmissivity, luminosity, hue of color, chroma. The chromatic aberration was calculated and their color changes were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The satisfaction degree was 80% for the opalescent porcelain enamel powder, and 50% for the ordinary porcelain enamel. There were significantly differences in the chromatic aberration between the all-ceramic crowns of opalescent porcelain enamel powder and the shade tabs (P < 0.05). No significant difference was found in transmissivity T (P > 0.05). The luminosity showed significant differences among the three groups, which was highest in the opalescent porcelain enamel powder group (P < 0.05). The hue of color was arranged as follows: the ordinary porcelain enamel group > the shade tabs > the opalescent porcelain enamel powder group, and there was no significant difference (P > 0.05). The chroma values were ranked as follows: the opalescent porcelain enamel powder group > the ordinary porcelain enamel group > the shade tabs, and there was no significant difference (P > 0.05). The opalescent enamel porcelain powder can decrease chromatic aberration between alumina all-ceramic crowns and shade tabs, but cannot improve their semipermeability significantly. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of three kinds of noble ceramic alloys and high glucose on proliferation of L-929 cells in mice Xie Hui1, Fan Zhao-qian2, Fang Ying1 2012, 16 (12):  2171-2174.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.019 Abstract ( 375 )   PDF (367KB) ( 394 )   Save BACKGROUND: The oral environments of diabetic patients were special, and there are few studies on safety of dental restorative materials for these patients. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of three kinds of noble ceramic alloys and high glucose on proliferation of mouse fibroblasts L-929 cultured in vitro. METHODS: 89% Au-base alloy, 74% Au-base alloy and silver-palladium alloy were immersed in mediums with different glucose concentrations (11.1, 22.2, and 33.3 mmol/L) for extraction. Mouse fibroblasts L-929 were co-cultured with the extraction. The control group was set up. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Proliferative activities of L-929 cells cultured in mediums with different glucose concentrations and different noble ceramic alloys were different, and the two-factor interactions at 24 and 72 hours existed (P < 0.05). The proliferation of L-929 cells cultured by 89% Au-base alloy and 22.2 mmol/L high glucose concentration was more faster than the control group (P=0.004), while the silver-palladium alloy could inhibit the proliferation (P < 0.001). However, no significant difference was found among the 74% Au-base alloy groups with different glucose concentrations and the control group. It is suggested that 74%Au-alloy with different glucose concentrations among these three kinds of materials has the least effects on cell proliferation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Antitumour effects of survivin antisense oligonucleotide carried by polyamidoamine dendrimer liposome on hepatic cancer transplanted subcutaneously in nude mice  Li Zhou1, Fang Su-zhen1, Han Shuai1, Cui Da-xiang2, Cai Zhai1, Li Qiang1, Zhu Hui-juan1, Huang Zong-hai1 2012, 16 (12):  2175-2179.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.020 Abstract ( 278 )   PDF (345KB) ( 348 )   Save BACKGROUND: Antisense oligonucleotide (ASODN) can inhibit survivin expression which induce tumor cell apoptosis. There are still some problems in malignant tumors gene therapy by survivin such as insufficient gene transfer, no long-term stable expression, enzyme degradation. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the antitumour effects of survivin ASODN carried by polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer liposome on hepatic cancer transplanted subcutaneously in nude mice.  METHODS: An in vivo model of hepatic cancer was established by injecting SMMC-7721 cells subcutaneously into the flanks of nude mice. The PAMAM dendrimer liposome and PAMAM dendrimer were mixtured with survivin-ASODN respectively to generate the transfection complex. The zeta potential and encapsulating effciency in vitro were determined. When the tumours were palpable, the mixture complex was directly injected into xenografts to observe the size of tumours. The expression of survivin in transplant tumour was measured. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The zeta potential of the PAMAM liposome-survivin-ASODN complex was higher than that of the PAMAM-survivin-ASODN complex (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference of envelopment ratio between PAMAM liposome-survivin-ASODN group and PAMAM-survivin-ASODN group (P > 0.05). The expression of survivin protein and weight in transplanted tumours for the PAMAM liposome-survivin-ASODN group were lower than those for PAMAM-survivin-ASODN group  (P < 0.05). The PAMAM dendrimer liposome can delivery surviving ASODN into hepatic transplanted tumour cells effectively, reduce the expression of surviving and induce tumour cells apoptosis. Related Articles | Metrics

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Applications of absorbable fibrin glue and gelatin sponge in partial liver resection He Yan-xin, Liu Chao 2012, 16 (12):  2180-2182.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.021 Abstract ( 316 )   PDF (227KB) ( 413 )   Save BACKGROUND: Fibrin glue is widely applied for blood oozing wounds in various surgeries. OBJECTIVE: To apply absorbable fibrin glue and gelatin sponge in partial liver resection so as to analyse the operation time and postoperative hemostasis effect. METHODS: Totally 42 patients undergoing partial liver resection were randomly divided into two groups: in the control group defects of liver tissue were folded after partial hepatectomy and hemostasis; in the experimental group, the wound was sprayed with fibrin glue to achieve hemostasis effect and the defect was filled with fibrin glue and gelatin sponge cutting into pieces to replace the conventional suture. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Operation time, bleeding volume, drainage volume and duration of blood oozing in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05), while length of hospital stay and hospital costs had no difference between the two groups (P > 0.05). Combined application of fibrin glue and gelatin sponge in partial liver resection can effectively reduce the operation time and reduce postoperative hemorrhage without increasing patient’s cost and hospital stay. Related Articles | Metrics

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Optimal time window for implanting silicone prosthesis after augmentation mammoplasty with polyacrylamide hydrogel Wang Xiao, Meng Xiao-mei, Zhu Hao, Qiu Shu-lin 2012, 16 (12):  2183-2188.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.022 Abstract ( 422 )   PDF (373KB) ( 575 )   Save BACKGROUND: There are many complications after augmentation mammoplasty with polyacrylamide hydrogel, but the optimal time window for implanting silicone prosthesis after removing polyacrylamide hydrogel is still unclear. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the optimal time window for implanting silicone prosthesis after removing polyacrylamide hydrogel in augmentation mammoplasty. METHODS: Eighteen patients (33 mammas) with complications after augmentation mammoplasty with polyacrylamide hydrogel were subjected to implantation of silicone prosthesis at 6 months after removing polyarylamide hydrogel. A follow-up visit was performed including local sign, breast contour shape, size, location, feel, imaging findings and psychological status, and all the feedback information was graded as excellent, good, moderate, and poor.  RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The follow-up results of 6 months to 2 years showed that the excellent and good rate was over 90%. The breast was round and full bodied, presenting with a drop-like shape, the contour is naturally soft, and it was soft and flexible to the feel, as well as no tenderness and wandering mass were found. It is indicated that the implantation of silicone prosthesis at 6 months after removing polyacrylamide hydrogel can avoid the impact of polyacrylamide hydrogel on augmentation mammaplasty at the most. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical application of vacuum-sealing drainage based on biomaterial wound surface dressing on traumatic osteomyelitis surgery  Xu Hai-dong, Zhao Jian-ning, Lu Jun-hao, Liu Jin-long, Chen Yong 2012, 16 (12):  2189-2192.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.023 Abstract ( 318 )   PDF (329KB) ( 714 )   Save BACKGROUND: New biomaterial wound surface dressing vacuum-sealing drainage has a good clinical curative effect on traumatic osteomyelitis surgery. OBJECTIVE: To study the curative effect of vacuum-sealing drainage based on biomaterial wound surface dressing during or after traumatic osteomyelitis surgery. METHODS: Thirty patients were divided into three groups by their wishes: biomaterial wound surface dressing group, synthetic material group, and routine pressure dressing group. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The vacuum-sealing drainage based on biomaterial wound surface dressing used after surgical debridement surgery can shorten treatment time, reduce antibiotic appliacations. And the therapeutic effect in biomaterial wound dressing group is better than that in synthetic material group, and the difference is significance (P < 0.05). The vacuum-sealing drainage based on biomaterial wound surface dressing can effectively extract the purulent fluid. And it improved the clinical treatment effect on traumatic osteomyelitis surgery. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of biodegradable screws in the treatment of hallux valgus deformity with distal chevron osteotomy Xu Hai-lin, Fu Zhong-guo, Zhang Dian-ying, Wang Tian-bing 2012, 16 (12):  2193-2196.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.024 Abstract ( 323 )   PDF (253KB) ( 377 )   Save BACKGROUND: Distal chevron osteotomy is a common treatment for hallux valgus. But there is still controversial about the clinical outcome of biodegradable screws. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of biodegradable screws fixation for distal chevron osteotomy in the treatment of hallux valgus. METHODS: Eight patients (eight feet) with moderate hallux valgus deformity were treated by modified chevron osteotomy, and then, one 2.7 mm biodegradable screw was used for internal fixation. After operation, patients were asked to walk in a wooden-soled shoe for 6-8 weeks. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All patients were followed up for 28-46 months. There was no nonunion, delayed union or infection. The hallux valgus angle was improved 15°-21°, with a mean of (17.63±2.07)°. The intermetatarsal angle was improved 7°-9° with a mean of (8.00±0.76)°. The scores of Hallux Metatarsophalangeal-Interphalangeal Scale issued by the American Orthopaedic Foot Ankle Society were significantly increased from (70.13±7.10) points before operation to (92.75±7.30) points after operation (P < 0.05). It is indicated that biodegradable screw fixation for chevron osteotomy in the treatment of hallux valgus deformity is effective and reliable.   Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and characterization of porous silk fibroin/chitosan scaffolds Liu Lei1, Zeng Shu-guang1, Ren Li2, Wei Liu-qiong1, Yang Jing1, Cao Yan-nan1, Shi Yong1 2012, 16 (12):  2197-2202.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.025 Abstract ( 340 )   PDF (695KB) ( 515 )   Save BACKGROUND: Silk fibroin and chitosan are non-toxic and have a good histocompatibility. However, they could not satisfy the biological scaffold material needs if working separately. OBJECTIVE: To explore and analyze the material structure and relate performance for characterization on the basis of making a variety of compound scaffolds with different proportion of silk fibroin and chitosan, and to select the ideal scaffolds that suitable for the growth of osteoblasts. METHODS: 2% silk fibroin solution was made by dissolution from CaCl2 solvent systems at a mole ratio of CaCl2:C2H5OH:H2O=  1:2:8, filtration, concentration and purification. The chitosan was dissolved in acetic acid solution prepared 3% chitosan-acetic acid solution. The silk fibroin and chitosan were blend in a freeze-drying approach in different proportion in order to get different scaffold materials. Then the morphology of the silk fibroin/chitosan scaffolds was observed under a scanning electron microscope; the porosity was calculated and the structure of the scaffolds was evaluated and observed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and electron spectroscopy. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: More stable scaffolds were created with the method of blending and modifying silk fibroin and chitosan. The 40% silk fibroin-60% chitosan group proves the preferred ratio of cell scaffold material due to its better aperture for the growth of osteoblasts. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of different duty ratios on micro-arc oxidized titanium Jiang Ying, Gao Yan, Zhou Lei, Guo Ze-hong, Li Shao-bing, Liu Xiang-ning, Ding Jing-wen, Liu Wei-zhen 2012, 16 (12):  2203-2206.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.026 Abstract ( 388 )   PDF (473KB) ( 392 )   Save BACKGROUND: It has a relatively close relationship between micro-arc oxidation of titanium surface characteristics and electrochemical parameters in recent years. Up to now, there are no uniform standard parameters. OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of different duty ratios on the surface characteristics of micro-arc oxidized titanium which containing calcium and phosphorus. METHODS: Ceramic coating was formed on the titanium surface by using micro-arc oxidation in different duty ratios (5%, 25%, 45%, 65%). The surface of the samples was observed and analyzed by scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrum and X-ray diffraction. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After treating by micro-arc oxidation, the porous ceramic coating was formed on the titanium surface. The higher the pulse was, the rougher and more porous the oxidation film was,the larger the pore diameter was and the fewer in the number. The oxidation film was composed of Ti, P, O, Ca elements. The ratio of Ca and P in the coating increased according to the pulse ratio extending until it reached 45%. The coatings contained rutile TiO2 and anatase TiO2. With the increasing of duty ratios, the larger the pore diameter is and the more the relative content of the calcium and phosphorus in the titanium surface, and part of the rutile TiO2 has changed into anatase TiO2. Related Articles | Metrics

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Changes of mandibular position and facial ratio of patients with angle class Ⅱ division 2 malocclusion by Damon-Ⅲ self-locking brackets technique   Zhang Qin1, Chen Xi2, Zhu Jun1, Liu Hong1 2012, 16 (12):  2207-2211.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.027 Abstract ( 376 )   PDF (317KB) ( 733 )   Save BACKGROUND: Self-locking brackets straight wire appliance is a kind of low fraction and light force correction technique. The combination of self-locking brackets without ligation and high-performance elastic arch wire provide revolutionary change of the efficient correction and fixed orthodontic technique on the clinical treatment.   OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes of mandibular position and facial ratio of patients with angle class Ⅱ division 2 malocclusion by Damon-Ⅲ self-locking brackets technique. METHODS: The sample was consisted of 13 patients with angle class Ⅱ division 2 malocclusion treated by traditional Roth straight wire appliance and 13 patients with angle class Ⅱ division 2 malocclusion treated by Damon-Ⅲ self-locking brackets technique. The pre-and after-treatment cephalometric films were measured to assess the treatment effect. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After treatment, the sella-nasion-point A (SNA) angle was increased in Damon-Ⅲ self-locking brackets group and Roth straight wire appliance group, and the sella-nasion-point B (SNB) angle was decreased. It indicated that the mandible in two groups changed significantly in sagittal direction, and had the trend to increase in vertical. Compared with the self-locking brackets group after treatment, the lower mandible had the clockwise trend and the increasing of the mandibular posterior alveolar was not obvious (P < 0.05), the lower incisors inclined was obvious (P < 0.05). The study showed that the changes of the lower mandible and facial proportion caused by the Damon-Ⅲ self-locking brackets combined with occlusal guide plate+Class Ⅱ traction was more obvious than the changes caused by Roth straight wire appliance combined with occlusal guide plate+Class Ⅱ traction, and had the favorable regulation on the lower incisors inclination. Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation, entrapment efficiency, and release property of indomethacin microspheres Gao Ying1, Wu Yi-jun1, Nan Kai-hui1, 2, Li Wen-sheng1, Wen Jun3 2012, 16 (12):  2212-2216.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.028 Abstract ( 351 )   PDF (353KB) ( 404 )   Save BACKGROUND: Indomethacin requires multiple doses to achieve treatment effect because of its short half-life in ocular. OBJECTIVE: To prepare indomethacin microspheres and analyze its entrapment efficiency and release property.  METHODS: Indomethacin microspheres were prepared by emulsion solvent evaporation using poly lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer and polyacrylic acid resin based on their good safety. The influences of preparation parameters on encapsulation efficiency and release property were investigated, such as different organic solvent (dichlormethane, acetone), different proportions of polymer, different pH values and osmotic pressures. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The microspheres were spherical shape with a smooth and imperforation surface, and had fine dispersibility at a diameter of 2-3 μm. The dichloromethane, lower weight of polyacrylic acid resin, lower pH and osmotic pressure in water medium could result in higher entrapment efficiency. The entrapment efficiency was the highest and the release rate was the slowest at 1:3 of poly lactic acid-glycolic acid copolymer and polyacrylic acid resin. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of artificial dural repair materials in neurosurgery Tao Xiao-hu 2012, 16 (12):  2217-2220.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.029 Abstract ( 404 )   PDF (387KB) ( 966 )   Save BACKGROUND: Artificial dural repair materials are widespreadly used because they have numerous features, such as abundant resources, no antigenicity, do not adhere to the inferior brain tissues, are easy to prepare, clip and suture. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the application progress of artificial dural repair materials in neurosurgery. METHODS: A computer-based online search of China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Journal Full-text Database, China Doctoral Dissertations Full-text Database, Chinese Master's Theses Full-text Database, China Biology Medicine Database and VIP database was performed for articles related to brain injury repair using artificial dura mater, with the key words of “artificial dura mater”, “dura mater repair” and “brain injury”. A total of 146 articles were collected after primary search, 23 of them were retained in the end according to the inclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: In the past, self tissue repair has been widely used to repair the dura mater defects; but it has certain limitations in the clinical application because of its own disadvantages, such as limited sources, the possibility to cause a new wound and increasing pain to patients. Therefore, self-tissue, such as muscular fasciae, can be used to repair small defects; while for the large dural defects, artificial dura substitute materials are often required. Using alternative materials to repair dura defects is essential for the maintenance of anatomical integrity and brain protection in neurosurgery. Artificial dura mater has superiority over the autologous dura mater in the practical application of dura mater defects repair. However, due to the existence of histocompatibility and other inevitable shortcomings, dural repair materials still need to be further studied. Related Articles | Metrics

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Selection and biocompatibility of ventilator membrane materials   Wang Song 2012, 16 (12):  2221-2224.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.030 Abstract ( 349 )   PDF (428KB) ( 866 )   Save BACKGROUND: With the advanced progress of medicine and tissue engineering technology, a variety of biomaterials have emerged, and how to choose the suitable membrane materials becomes the key for artificial lung technology development. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of various ventilator membrane biomaterials, and to find the appropriate materials. METHODS: An electronic retrieval of Wanfang database (http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/) from January 1991 to December 2011 was performed for articles about the biological materials applied in ventilator membrane research, using the key words for “film, artificial lung, biological material” in Chinese. Duplicated documents, reviews and Meta analysis were excluded. A total of  20 articles were involved in the evaluation, including 11 Chinese literatures and nine English literatures. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The structure of artificial lung membrane had been developed from drum, plate folding to microporous hollow fiber membrane which is widely used now. The hollow fiber materials are mainly polymers with high performance of fiber formation, such as polypropylene and poly(ether sulfone). Membrane-type artificial lung can improve gas exchange and biocompatibility. With the development of new technologies and materials, the advance of basic research and the accumulation of clinical experience, artificial lung is bound to initiate new insight in the treatment of severe respiratory disorders. Related Articles | Metrics

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Biomaterials for repair and prevention of acute tendon injury and adhesion  Wang Jun-hong 2012, 16 (12):  2225-2228.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.031 Abstract ( 285 )   PDF (404KB) ( 501 )   Save BACKGROUND: Treatment measures for tendon injury experience a long process from traditional physical therapy, drug therapy to modern tissue engineering artificial ligament reconstruction. OBJECTIVE: To review the role of biological materials as artificial intervention in the treatment of tendon adhesion, and to explore the action mechanism. METHODS: VIP database, Wanfang database, and PubMed (1990-01/2011-04) were searched for articles related to tendon rehabilitation measures and biomaterials using the keywords of “tendon, treatment, materials, adhesive” in Chinese and English. Articles related to materials for tendon treatment were retrieved, and those published recently or in authorized journals were preferred. Totally 287 articles were checked, and according to inclusion criteria 21 articles were reviewed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Artificial ligament reconstruction and regeneration provides a chance and security for the treatment and rehabilitation of severe tendon injury. But the ideal artificial ligament material selection and development becomes the key. Synthetic materials can avoid the single material performance deficiencies, which provide a broad space for material development. At present, gene therapy technology development for tendon tissue engineering provides a new research direction. In addition, tendon adhesion often occurs during the treatment, and seriously affects the therapeutic effect. Tendon adhesion and healing has important relationship with the physiology and pathology of the tendon. Biomaterials as an adhesion prevention barrier have the vast developmental foreground. Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of synthetic bone-repair materials and titanium metallic materials in bone tissue engineering Liu Yan1, 2, Ma Xin-long1 2012, 16 (12):  2229-2232.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.032 Abstract ( 322 )   PDF (419KB) ( 648 )   Save BACKGROUND: Searching for the repair materials with good biological characteristics for bone tissue engineering has been a hot spot of orthopedic research. Although there are various kinds of bone repair materials and methods, but none of them can perfectly replace the human bone. OBJECTIVE: To review the tissue engineering research which focuses on using titanium plate, titanium mesh bone grafting to repair bone damage. METHODS: An online search of CNKI and Medline databases was performed using the key words of “tissue engineering”, “artificial bone repair”, “titanium plate” and “titanium mesh bone grafting” for related articles published between January 2000 and October 2011. Related articles published in recent years were included; as to the same field, articles published recently or in authoritative magazines were selected. Outdated literatures and articles on bone defect repair using traditional materials or methods were excluded. Most recent studies and articles with practical value were collected, analyzed in detail and summarized. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 201 articles were collected after the preliminary search; 27 of them were retained according to the inclusion criteria. Using traditional methods to repair damaged bone often encounter many problems, such as poor tissue compatibility, lack of materials and can not match the individual growth, which greatly reduce the application effect of the restoration. Titanium mesh bone grafting is easy to operate, has small rejection; it can be shaped arbitrarily and stable osseointegration with the host bone is achieved after implantation. In addition, titanium mesh bone grafting can create a solid base of support. Therefore, satisfied repairing effects of bone defects can be achieved using titanium mesh bone grafting. Related Articles | Metrics

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Mini-titanium plate implant can enhance internal fixation for mandibular fracture Yao Hong-lei, Na Ying-kun, Chen Yong, Liu Hua 2012, 16 (12):  2233-2236.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.032 Abstract ( 228 )   PDF (422KB) ( 542 )   Save BACKGROUND: Intraoral incision and mini-plate fixation as tension band have been used to treat for mandibular fracture. The effect of mini-plate has not been fully investigated. OBJECTIVE: To assess the importance of mini-plate fixation during bone defect reconstruction following mandibular fracture. METHODS: With “titanium plate, mandible, fracture, and rigid internal fixation” as key words, a computer-based online search of PubMed and VIP database was performed for articles published between January 1995 and October 2011 related to clinical application of rigid internal fixation in mandibular fracture. Repetitive articles were excluded, and 20 were included and further discussed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Titanium plate has been used as tension band in the superior margin of the mandibular angle, assisted with intermaxillary fixation to treat mandibular angle fracture. This method is simple, convenient, and can shorten duration for intermaxillary fixation, ensuring stability of the fixation. In addition, the incision is minimal, allowing early mouth open training and preventing ankylosis. This method benefits fracture healing and recovery of normal occluding relation following internal fixation. Related Articles | Metrics

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Biocompatibility of chitosan Li Ruo-hui, Zhang Xue, Shan Dan-tong, Yuan Zhi-kui 2012, 16 (12):  2237-2240.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.034 Abstract ( 468 )   PDF (444KB) ( 690 )   Save BACKGROUND: Chitosan is a kind of nature polysaccharide which recently has been widely applied in biomedical field as its unique alkaline and positive charges that are critically depending on its biocompatibility. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the biocompatibility of chitosan as well as its histocompatibility, blood compatibility and mechanical compatibility. METHODS: The databases of PubMed, CNKI and Wanfang (1990-2011) were used to search the related articles about the biocompatibility of chitosan and its derivant and the applications on biomedicine.  RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Chitosan as a kind of biodegradable polymer materials has been gradually applied on artificial skin, operation suture, ophthalmology, artificial skeleton, oral rehabilitation and tumor therapy depended on its good histocompatibility and mechanical compatibility which was used to match human body organization. However, the blood compatibility of chitosan was poor due to its thrombosis. To date, many studies are focus on the solution to this problem, improve the blood compatibility and expand the application on biomedicine filed in order to make it more safety and effectively to contact with cardiovascular system. Related Articles | Metrics

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Artificial ligament materials and ligament injury of the knee joint  Kang Jian-min1, Zuo Jian2 2012, 16 (12):  2241-2244.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.035 Abstract ( 307 )   PDF (364KB) ( 423 )   Save BACKGROUND: Current used materials for clinical reconstruction of cruciate ligaments of knee joint include autograft, allograft and artificial materials. Autograft and allograft are main selection for reconstruction of cruciate ligaments. However, there are some limitations. OBJECTIVE: To discuss optimal selection of artificial materials for ligament injury of the knee joint. METHODS: A computer-based online search of Wanfang database (http://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/) and PubMed database (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed) was performed for articles related to bioengineering design and clinical application of artificial ligaments published between January 1988 and December 2010 with key words “artificial ligament, tissue engineering, reconstruction”. After excluding repetitive and Meta analysis articles, 20 were included for further analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Although there are progresses in artificial ligament, some issues are needed to resolve. Seed cell selection, histocompatibility and mechanics of stent materials, cell and stent material interface biocompatibility are focuses in studies regarding artificial ligaments. With further investigation, tissue engineered artificial ligaments can be clinically used early. Related Articles | Metrics

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Drug eluting against vascular smooth muscle proliferation and migration for in-stent restenosis Zhang Zhi-ping, Ge Hua 2012, 16 (12):  2245-2248.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.036 Abstract ( 433 )   PDF (409KB) ( 421 )   Save BACKGROUND: Drug eluting that can inhibit vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation and neointimal hyperplasia, with no affection on vascular endothelial healing is a new strategy to develop novel drug eluting stent and to prevent in-stent restenosis. OBJECTIVE: To summarize advanced progress on drug-eluting stent that prevents vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. METHODS: An online computer-based retrieval was performed by the first author on VIP database for articles regarding the drug-eluting stent of anti-vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation and migration in the treatment of cardiovascular disease, retrieval time ranged from January 1998 to October 2011. Key words were “cardiovascular diseases; drug-eluting stents; vascular smooth muscle cells; cell proliferation; cell migration” in Chinese. After the primary screening, all citations of each literature were checked. A total of 25 literatures were involved, including 15 Chinese and 10 English. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The currently used eluting drugs of anti-vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation and migration are rapamycin and paclitaxel. An increasing number of studies show that, rapamycin and paclitaxel in corresponding stents can both effectively reduce restenosis after stent implantation and rate of target vessel blood supply revascularization in clinical practice. Most of the current domestic research are small sample size, single-center, non-randomized controlled trials, and long-term efficacy and safety need to longer-term follow-ups and multicenter randomized controlled study. Related Articles | Metrics

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Characteristics and contraception efficacy of intrauterine contraceptive device, subcutaneous contraceptive implants and oviduct contraceptive materials Shao Yu-lin 2012, 16 (12):  2249-2252.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.037 Abstract ( 460 )   PDF (418KB) ( 781 )   Save BACKGROUND: Use of a safe, efficient, reliable, durable contraceptive material with no adverse reaction is of significance on reproductive health. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the advance and application effect of intrauterine contraceptive device, analyze advantage and adverse reactions of subcutaneous contraceptive implants, as well as properties of oviduct contraceptive materials. METHODS: Using "intrauterine contraceptive device, subcutaneous contraceptive implants, oviduct contraception, contraceptive materials" in Chinese as key words, a computer-based online retrieval was performed on Chongqing VIP database between January 1992 and January 2011. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 26 literatures were ultimately involved in the result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The structure, performance and materials of intrauterine contraceptive device have been greatly improved since its emergence, and it is the most used method of contraception in China. Contraceptive implants are characteristics of constant release and sustained release, high biological activity, and convenient use. Oviduct contraceptive plug has the advantages of accurate positioning, tiny, noninvasive, safe, reliable, and reproductive. But each method is not widely accepted due to the presence of more or less adverse reactions and complications. This review analyzed the advance, application effect, adverse reaction and material properties of the above three methods for contraception. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical application and biocompatibility of patch in obstetrics and gynecology diseases Song Li 2012, 16 (12):  2253-2256.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.038 Abstract ( 353 )   PDF (426KB) ( 535 )   Save BACKGROUND: Biological patch is an important substitute of pelvic floor tissue, which can replace the impaired pelvic fascia tissue and has been widely used in pelvic floor reconstruction, but its efficacy and biocompatibility remain poorly studied. OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical application and biocompatibility of biological patch in obstetrics and gynecology disease. METHODS: An online computer-based retrieval of PubMed database and VIP database between January 1990 and December 2011 was performed for articles related to clinical application and biocompatibility of biological patch in obstetrics and gynecology disease. English key words were “obstetrics, gynecology diseases, treatment”, and Chinese key words were “patch, gynecologic and obstetric diseases, treatment”. A total of 192 literatures were screened, and 22 documents were eventually involved in the analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Pelvic floor tissue substitutes for pelvic floor repair and reconstruction can replace the impaired pelvic fascia tissue, and can be divided into biological materials and synthetic materials. A variety of repairing materials have their advantages and disadvantages. In all types of implants, autologous tissue, allograft and xenograft are prone to infection, abrasion, poor biocompatibility after implantation, so they are not applicable as the reconstruction materials. The synthetic absorbable patch is strong, easy to use, but prone to infection, rejection and erosion, showing a poor biocompatibility. Synthetic nonabsorbable patch and acellular patch have low infection rate, few complications, and good biocompatibility. A large-size prospective case-controlled study for a longer follow-up visits are required to determine which kinds of patch materials are optimal and how is long-term efficacy results. Related Articles | Metrics

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Commonly used prosthetic materials for artificial knee joint and their biocompatibility Qin Xiao-dong, Li Chao-jian, Fu Qiao 2012, 16 (12):  2257-2260.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.039 Abstract ( 388 )   PDF (445KB) ( 803 )   Save BACKGROUND: Ideal prosthetic materials are important to the function and prognosis of artificial knee joint. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the properties, application and biocompatibility of biomaterials for artificial knee joint, and to search ideal knee substitutes. METHODS: A computer-based search of Wanfang database (1999-01/2009-12) was performed for articles regarding biomaterials used in artificial knee joint using the keywords of “tissue engineering, artificial knee joint, biomaterials” in Chinese. Repetitive studies, review and Meta analysis were excluded, and finally 17 articles were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Traditional metal and bone cement materials are still widely used in the knee prosthesis. With the development of medicine and tissue engineering technology, various synthetic biomaterials have appeared. Recently, bio-ceramic and polymer composites with good biocompatibility have been found, but easy to wear is a disadvantage for the bio-ceramic and polymer composites. To modify the above-mentioned materials and seek the ideal knee prosthesis materials is one of the hot spots in the current biomedical engineering research. Although traditional metal, bone cement, bio-ceramic and polymer composites are widely used in clinical artificial knee, the ideal knee prosthesis materials need further studies because of their inevitable shortcomings. Related Articles | Metrics

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The research progress of different-material peripheral arterial stent placement in treating arteriosclerotic occlusive disease Wu Tian-fang, Dai Yuan-bin 2012, 16 (12):  2261-2264.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.040 Abstract ( 263 )   PDF (376KB) ( 513 )   Save BACKGROUND: The clinical effect of peripheral arterial stents in treating arteriosclerotic occlusive disease is good. But there is no perfect peripheral arterial stent up to now. To master the characteristics of various stents and flexible application is the key to good effect. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the research progress of peripheral arterial stent placement in treating arteriosclerotic occlusive disease. METHODS: A computer-based search was performed to retrieve PubMed from 1968-01 to 2011-11 using the keyword of “stent”. The language is restricted in English. Totally 107 articles were retrieved, and 40 articles met the requirement. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Peripheral arterial stent placement in treating arteriosclerotic occlusive disease is safe and effective. The stent materials mainly include stainless steel, nickel titanium alloy, cobalt-based alloy, tantalum metal, magnesium alloy, high polymer material and variety of material compound stents. In-stent restenosis is the main complication. Postoperative complications such as stent fracture have been reported occasionally. Drug therapy has been widely accepted after stent implantation. To master the characteristics of various stents and indications can improve the patency rate and reduce the stent complication after stent placement. Development of new stents to improve patency rate has become the future research direction. Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of nanostructure scaffolds on articular cartilage reconstruction Cheng Yue1, Tian Jing2 2012, 16 (12):  2265-2269.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.041 Abstract ( 294 )   PDF (457KB) ( 486 )   Save BACKGROUND: Nano-hydroxyapatite is widely used in bone tissue engineering as it has the size-related properties with natural nano-hydroxyapatite crystal, as well as its good biocompatibility and conductibility. OBJECTIVE: To describe the characteristics of nanostructure scaffolds, and to investigate the biomimetic multilayered nanostructure scaffolds construction and its new research progress in vivo. METHODS: The PubMed database (Http://www.ncbi.nim.nih.gov/PubMed) and CNKI database (www.cnki.net/index.htm) were retrieved for articles from 1979 to 2011 by computer. The English key words were “cartilage, nano” and “cartilage, nanofiber or nanofibrous”, and the Chinese key words were “cartilage, nano, scaffold”. A total of 50 articles were included which related to nanostructure scaffolds, cartilage regeneration and cartilage tissue engineering, and for articles in the same field, those published recently or in authorized journals were selected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Cartilage tissue engineering provided the possible regeneration of damaged cartilage which has limited self-repair abilities. Nanostructure scaffolds are superior to others for their excellent functions and play an important role in repairing the cartilage tissue. At present, the biomimetic multilayered designing of nano-scaffolds, developing in its functions, and the great need of clinical studies have become the most significant factors of tissue engineering. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical comparison among three kinds of denture relining materials Bao Xue-mei 2012, 16 (12):  2270-2272.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.042 Abstract ( 511 )   PDF (211KB) ( 456 )   Save BACKGROUND: Due to the absorption of alveolar ridge, edentulous patients present with poor denture retention after denture wearing over time. In clinic, base relining is often adopted to address complete denture retention. OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical effect of Sofreliner MS soft lining materials, self-curing resin and thermoplastic resin in different conditions of alveolar ridge mucosa in patients with complete denture relining . METHODS: The Sofreliner MS soft lining materials, self-curing resin, thermoplastic resin were used in edentulous patients receiving complete denture relining under different ridge and mucosal conditions. After 1 year’s review, the three kinds of materials were compared in denture retention, comfort level, satisfaction, masticatory function and denture cleanliness. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: For patients with poor alveolar ridge or mucosa conditions, the Sofreliner MS soft lining materials had a rebasing denture effect obviously superior to the self-curing resin and thermoplastic resin (P < 0.05); for patients presenting with good alveolar ridge and mucosal conditions, three material repair effect had no significant difference (P > 0.05). If the alveolar ridge or mucosa conditions are poor for patients, the application of Sofreliner MS soft lining materials for rebasing denture can make the denture comfort and improve the masticatory function effectively. Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical application of magnetic attachments in complete overdentures in elder patients Xiong Ya-rong, Feng Dan, Pang Jian-liang 2012, 16 (12):  2273-2276.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.043 Abstract ( 306 )   PDF (256KB) ( 519 )   Save BACKGROUND: Magnetic attachments can provide a long-term reliable retention force and significantly improve the retention and stability of complete overdentures to reduce the alveolar ridge absorption availably as well as improve masticatory efficiency and repairing effect. OBJECTIVE: To observe the clinical effect of Magfit magnetic attachment on the complete overdenture retention and its effects on the health of abutment teeth. METHODS: Thirty-six patients with tooth loss were included, and 1-3 abutment teeth on one jaw were selected and treated with Magfit EX magnetic attachment in overdentures. Fifty-seven overdentures were made, including maxillary 27 and mandibular 30,  totally 96 magnetic attachments in number. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All cases were followed up for 6 to 36 months. Thirty-four cases felt comfortable for overdentures, two cases who felt unwell at the beginning received regulation and adaption, then they felt well. Thirty-three cases had better masticatory function recovery, among whom, three cases recovered better in the masticatory function, but had a decrease in the retention force that was improved after regulation. One case felt abutment tooth painful that relieved after jaw regulation. Five cases of abutment tooth mobility were improved. Two cases of gingival redness and hyperemia had a relief after symptomatic treatment. One case’s moving attachment was fractured partly. These suggest that the magnetic attachment can provide a long-term reliable retention force and contribute to the health of abutment teeth.   Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of vitapex on bone regeneration following refractory periapical periodontitis   Jin Hui, Wang Xiu-mei, Ge Ya-na, Zhang Cheng-ren, Zhu Lan-lan, Xu Ye 2012, 16 (12):  2277-2280.  doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.12.044 Abstract ( 370 )   PDF (375KB) ( 2010 )   Save BACKGROUND: Conventional root canal treatment for periapical periodontitis with periapical cementoclasia has poor efficacy. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of vitapex on bone regeneration beyond the apical foramen. METHODS: 120 patients with periapical periodontitis of the permanent teeth whose area of bone destruction was ≥2 mm were selected, and they were randomly divided into two groups: the zinc oxide group was treated with conventional root canal therpy, and the vitapex group was treated with vitapex beyond the apical foramen to fill bone destruction area. All the patients were required of regular referral. Then, deposition of new bone in bone destruction area was identified by using X-ray examination. At last, surplus vitapex paste was removed and permanent filling was conducted. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After 1-year referral, 43 incisors and 17 molars of the zinc oxide group were successful in 30 and 11 cases, respectively; 38 incisors and 22 molars of the vitapex group succeeded in 36 and 20 cases, respectively. The difference between the two groups was significant (P < 0.05). And vitapex is worthy of clinical application.   Related Articles | Metrics