Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Artificial bone made by vector, osteoinductive factor and growth factor has been proved as an ideal biomaterial．
OBJECTIVE: To compare the revascularization and osteogenesis ability of the composite of recombinant human vascular endothelial growth factor 165/recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2/deproteinized bone (rhVEGF-165/rhBMP-2/DPB) with deep frozen bones. 
METHODS: All of the left forearm radial bones were manufactured into the models of bone defect about 15 mm. The models were randomly divided into two groups. The rhVEGF-165/rhBMP-2/DPB composite was implanted in the experimental group and the deep frozen bones were implanted in the control group.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At 16 weeks, the bone in the defect area healed and the density of the grafts was close to the surrounding normal bone tissue in the experimental group; In the control group, more callus formation could be seen between the ends of the defects, and the density of the grafts was higher than that of the surrounding normal bone tissue. In the experimental group, there were no boundaries on the interface of graft-receptor, and the bone healed. In the control group, the boundaries were vague, and part of the bone healed. At 3 days and 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks, ink perfusion microvascular analysis showed that the vascular formation in the experimental group was more than that in the control group (P < 0.01); Biomechanical testing showed that the three-point bending stress load of the experimental group was significantly stronger than of the control group    (P < 0.01). The composite of rhVEGF-165/rhBMP-2/DPB can induce callus formation, accelerate the vascularization of the graft, and have fair biological and biomechanical function.