Abstract:

BACKGROUND: Clinical research has demonstrated that diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for periodontal lesion and alveolar bone loss. However, it remains poorly understood the effect of hyperglycemia on changes of jaw bone.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of hyglycemia on proliferation, differentiation and mineralization of osteoblasts from rat mandible.
METHODS: Primary osteoblasts were isolated and incubated with medium containing 5.5 mmol/L and 16.5 mmol/L glucose, respectively. Cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium uptake, bone gla protein (BGP) and mineralization were detected using MTT, PNPP, biochemistry, radioimmunoassay, as well as Alizarin Red S staining.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: High glucose could significantly increase cell proliferation (P < 0.05), decreased BGP level (P < 0.01), and increase number and the area of nodules (P < 0.01). Compared with the control group, the ALP activity of the high glucose group was obviously increased at 21 days after culture (P < 0.01); the calcium uptake was decreased at 14-21 days, but notably increased at 21-28 days (P < 0.01). These findings suggest that diabetes-associated hyperglycemia promotes rat mandibular osteoblasts proliferation while delaying differentiation and mineralization.