Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2026, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (26): 6729-6735.doi: 10.12307/2026.837

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Preparation and characterization of beta-tricalcium phosphate/polyvinyl alcohol and hydroxyapatite/polyvinyl alcohol bone substitute materials

Hu Zhizhao1, 2, 3, Liu Zhaoyong1, Guo Jing1, Jin Shengnan1, Zhou Qiqi2, 3, Hu Yang2, 3   

  1. 1Department of Stomatology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Affiliated Hospital of Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong Province, China; 2Department of Oral Restoration and Implants, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (Affiliated Stomatological Hospital), Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; 3Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Institute of Stomatology, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Accepted:2026-01-06 Online:2026-09-18 Published:2026-03-10
  • Contact: Hu Yang, MS, Associate professor, Associate chief physician, Department of Oral Restoration and Implants, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (Affiliated Stomatological Hospital), Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Institute of Stomatology, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • About author:Hu Zhizhao, MS, Attending physician, Department of Stomatology, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Affiliated Hospital of Beijing Institute of Technology, Zhuhai Clinical Medical College of Jinan University), Zhuhai 519000, Guangdong Province, China; Department of Oral Restoration and Implants, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University (Affiliated Stomatological Hospital), Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China; Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Institute of Stomatology, Urumqi 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
  • Supported by:
    Key Research and Development Task Special Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, No. 2016B03049-2 (to HY); Natural Science Foundation Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, No. 2022D01C752 (to ZQQ)

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Abstract: BACKGROUND: Currently, many oral periodontal bone substitute materials suffer from drawbacks such as poor biomechanical properties and degradation characteristics. Using composite periodontal bone substitute materials can compensate for the shortcomings of single materials and better facilitate the construction of "periodontal bone tissue engineering constructs."
OBJECTIVE: To prepare β-tricalcium phosphate/polyvinyl alcohol and hydroxyapatite/polyvinyl alcohol composite materials using freeze-drying method and characterize their properties.
METHODS: A 15% polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel was prepared. Different amounts of β-tricalcium phosphate were added to the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel. After freeze-drying, 10%, 20%, and 30% β-tricalcium phosphate/polyvinyl alcohol composite materials were obtained. Similarly, different amounts of hydroxyapatite were added to the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel, and after freeze-drying, 10%, 20%, and 30% hydroxyapatite/polyvinyl alcohol composite materials were obtained. The properties of each group of composite materials were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis showed that β-tricalcium phosphate and hydroxyapatite particles successfully formed stable composite materials with the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel. With increasing concentrations of β-tricalcium phosphate or hydroxyapatite, the aggregation of β-tricalcium phosphate/polyvinyl alcohol and hydroxyapatite/polyvinyl alcohol composite material particles increased, and the porosity decreased. The main elements in each group of composite materials included Ca, P, C, and O. (2) X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman spectroscopy results showed that no new bending vibration peaks, stretching vibration peaks, or characteristic peaks appeared in the β-tricalcium phosphate/polyvinyl alcohol and hydroxyapatite/polyvinyl alcohol composite materials. It is indicated that the β-tricalcium phosphate/polyvinyl alcohol and hydroxyapatite/polyvinyl alcohol composite materials prepared by freeze-drying method exhibited stable properties.


Key words: β-tricalcium phosphate, hydroxyapatite, polyvinyl alcohol, periodontal bone substitute material, performance characterization, biomechanics

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