Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2025, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (4): 872-880.doi: 10.12307/2025.225

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Posterior cruciate ligament tibial attachment point avulsion fracture: materials, implants, and internal fixation techniques in arthroscopic treatment 

Yu Ming1, Wang Wen1, 2   

  1. 1Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China; 2Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Guangzhou 510220, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2023-11-29 Accepted:2024-01-20 Online:2025-02-08 Published:2024-06-04
  • Contact: Yu Ming, Master candidate, Physician, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China
  • About author:Wang Wen, MD, Master’s supervisor, Chief physician, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, Guizhou Province, China; Guangzhou Red Cross Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Guangzhou 510220, Guangdong Province, China
  • Supported by:
    Clinical Characteristic Technology in Guangzhou (2023-2025), No. 2023C-TS11 (to WW)

Abstract: BACKGROUND: The optimal surgical technique for treating posterior cruciate ligament tibial attachment point avulsion injuries is debatable. With the application and maturity of arthroscopic surgery, it has great prospects in the diagnosis and treatment of posterior cruciate ligament tibial attachment point avulsion fractures.
OBJECTIVE: To summarize the application and progress of arthroscopic technology in the treatment of posterior cruciate ligament tibial attachment point avulsion fractures, including different arthroscopic treatment methods, surgical approach, tibial tunnel design, suture material selection, and internal fixation implant selection. 
METHODS: Relevant literature was retrieved from PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect databases through computers. The search period was from January 2003 to November 2023. Chinese search terms were “posterior cruciate ligament, posterior cruciate ligament, avulsion fracture, arthroscopy”. English search terms were “posterior cruciate ligament, injury, fracture, tibia, arthroscopic, operation, fixation, treatment”. Totally 97 articles were included for review.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Arthroscopic technology provides a reliable treatment for posterior cruciate ligament tibial attachment point avulsion fractures. Arthroscopic treatment for avulsion fractures of the tibial attachment point of the cruciate ligament can be divided into several categories based on the type of approach, suture material, and the number of approaches used for suture and fixation of the tibial tunnel: arthroscopic suture fixation combined with autologous graft enhancement and reconstruction, arthroscopic multi cross band suture bridge fixation, arthroscopic strong thread fixation, and arthroscopic direct anterior posterior suture suspension fixation. In various studies, commonly used outcome measures include knee range of motion, Lysholm scale, International Knee Documentation Committee, and KT-2000 arthrometer. Studies have shown that at the last follow-up, the score results showed significant improvement compared to surgery. In the radiological follow-up results of various arthroscopic techniques, all studies have shown satisfactory results. During the follow-up process, all types of patients who received arthroscopic treatment for cruciate ligament tibial attachment point avulsion fractures did not experience serious complications, such as traumatic arthritis, neurovascular injury, perioperative wound infection, thrombosis, and nonunion of fractures.

Key words: posterior cruciate ligament, tibial avulsion fracture, arthroscopic surgery, suture material, internal fixation, treatment

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