Effects of pressor stimulation at different times on rat skeletal muscle morphology and tumor necrosis factor alpha and nuclear factor kappaB

doi:10.12307/2025.650

Abstract

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that different durations of pressure application on normal muscles can produce varying physiological responses.
OBJECTIVE: To explore the expression levels of inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor α and nuclear κB in skeletal muscle under different pressure durations.
METHODS: Twenty healthy male SPF-grade Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups: control group, 10-second pressure group, 20-second pressure group, and 30-second pressure group. The right leg of each rat was used for the experiment. The control group received no intervention, while rats in each pressure group were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of 2% pentobarbital sodium (35 mg/kg), and the thin femoral muscle of the rats was pressed continuously at a constant pressure of 200 kPa using a homemade mechanical pressure device for 10, 20, and 30 seconds, respectively. Muscle tissue at the pressing site of the right hind limb was collected immediately after pressure. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to observe the morphological changes of skeletal muscle tissues and changes in the cross-sectional area of muscle fibers, and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor α and nuclear factor κB in rat skeletal muscle.

RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Hematoxylin-eosin staining results revealed that the pressure groups showed loosely arranged skeletal muscle fibers, reduced cross-sectional area and diameter, and enlarged intermuscular spaces. Compared with the control group, the cross-sectional area of muscle fibers was significantly reduced in the pressure groups (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the three pressure groups (P > 0.05). The 10-second pressure group showed no significant presence of red blood cells in the interstitial spaces, while the 20-second pressure group exhibited a small amount of red blood cells, and the 30-second pressure group showed capillary dilation with red blood cells in the interstitial spaces. The expression level of tumor necrosis factor α in the 30-second pressure group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The expression level of nuclear factor κB in skeletal muscle showed no significant difference among groups (P > 0.05). To conclude, skeletal muscle undergoes morphological changes and reduced cross-sectional area after pressure at 200 kPa, but there is no significant difference among the 10-, 20-, and 30-second pressure groups. As the duration of pressure increases to 30 seconds, the inflammatory factor tumor necrosis factor α is activated, but nuclear factor κB remains unaffected, suggesting that inflammatory factors may express under short-term pressure, while transcription factors show no significant change.

中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：组织构建；骨细胞；软骨细胞；细胞培养；成纤维细胞；血管内皮细胞；骨质疏松；组织工程

Key words: skeletal muscle, inflammatory factor, tumor necrosis factor α, nuclear factor κB, engineered cytokine, engineered tissue construction

CLC Number:

Shi Peili, Lin Sen, Zhao Wenteng, Peng Yali, Hu Yazhe. Effects of pressor stimulation at different times on rat skeletal muscle morphology and tumor necrosis factor alpha and nuclear factor kappaB[J]. Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research, 2025, 29(17): 3588-3595.

Figures/Tables 7

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