Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research ›› 2021, Vol. 25 ›› Issue (30): 4805-4811.doi: 10.12307/2021.265

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Establishment of a total cervical spine model and characteristics of traction force and traction angles under different traction orientations

Zhang Xinming1, Liu Zhihua1, Zhang Xinmin2, Shen Yankui2, Wang Chunli3   

  1. 1School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China; 2Zhengzhou Feilong Medical Equipment Co., Ltd., Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China; 3School of Management Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
  • Received:2021-01-11 Revised:2021-01-12 Accepted:2021-02-07 Online:2021-10-28 Published:2021-07-29
  • Contact: Liu Zhihua, MD, Associate professor, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
  • About author:Zhang Xinming, Master candidate, School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
  • Supported by:
    the Industry-University-Research Cooperation Project of Henan Province, No. 142107000011 (to LZH); the Horizontal Project of Zhengzhou University, No. 20190356R (to LZH)

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Abstract: BACKGROUND: This paper designs a new type of cervical spine traction robot. During the development of the equipment, there are problems of uncertain traction and traction angle. These problems are important factors that affect the treatment effect of patients.  
OBJECTIVE: To establish a three-dimensional finite element model of the cervical vertebrae C1-C7 , verify the validity of the model, and discuss the influence of different traction forces and traction angle changes on cervical intervertebral discs.
METHODS:  The cervical spine CT data of a 30-year-old healthy adult volunteer with no history of cervical spondylosis were collected. The intervertebral disc and cervical bone body CAD models were generated by Mimics 21.0 and 3-matic software, and the grids were divided. The data were imported into Abaqus 2016 finite element analysis software to add cervical ligaments and verify their effectiveness. Constraints and loads were applied on the generated cervical spine model to simulate the traction treatment with the change of traction force and angle when the person was sitting, and the influence of traction force and angle on traction effect was analyzed.  
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) For the new type of traction equipment, in the range of 50 N to 150 N traction, the greater the traction, the better the traction, but too much traction would cause the patient’s pain to increase significantly. 130 N with better therapeutic effect could be chosen as the traction. (2) As the traction angle increased from 0° to 20°, the deformation of the intervertebral disc in the anterior flexion position gradually decreased. The traction angle less than 10° was more suitable for the anteflexion treatment of the new traction equipment. (3) The deformation of the intervertebral disc in the posterior flexion and left-right flexion position gradually increased with the increase of the traction angle, and reached a relatively stable amount of deformation at about 16° to 17°. Therefore, the traction angle of 16° to 20° should be selected for the posterior and left-right flexion of the new equipment. (4) The model of C1-C7 cervical spine was successfully established and the traction force and traction angle were analyzed by finite element method.

Key words: cervical vertebra, finite element model, traction, traction angle, cervical intervertebral disc

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